A meta-analysis on salvage surgery as a potentially curative procedure in patients with isolated local recurrent or persistent esophageal cancer after chemoradiotherapy

BackgroundIsolated local recurrent or persistent esophageal cancer (EC) after curative intended definitive (dCRT) or neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) with initially omitted surgery, is a potential indication for salvage surgery. We aimed to evaluate safety and efficacy of salvage surgery in these patients.Material and methodsA systematic literature search following PRISMA guidelines was performed using databases of PubMed/Medline. All included studies were performed in patients with persistent or recurrent EC after initial treatment with dCRT or nCRT, between 2007 and 2017. Survival analysis was performed with an inverse-variance weighting method.ResultsOf the 278 identified studies, 28 were eligible, including a total of 1076 patients. Postoperative complications after salvage esophagectomy were significantly more common among patients with isolated persistent than in those with locoregional recurrent EC, including respiratory (36.6% versus 22.7%; difference in proportion 10.9 with 95% confidence interval (CI) [3.1; 18.7]) and cardiovascular complications (10.4% versus 4.5%; difference in proportion 5.9 with 95% CI [1.5; 10.2]). The pooled estimated 30- and 90-day mortality was 2.6% [1.6; 3.6] and 8.0% [6.3; 9.8], respectively. The pooled estimated 3-year and 5-year overall survival (OS) were 39.0% (95% CI: [35.8; 42.2]) and 19.4% [95% CI:16.5; 22.4], respectively. Patients with isolated persistent or recurrent EC after initial CRT had similar 5-year OS (14.0% versus 19.7%, difference in proportion −5.7, 95% CI [-13.7; 2.3]).ConclusionsSalvage surgery is a potentially curative procedure in patients with locally recurrent or persistent esophageal cancer and can be performed safely after definitive or neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy when surgery was initially omitted.     

广州地区健康体检人群睡眠模式及其与糖尿病关系的分析

  目的  了解广州地区成年人睡眠模式的特征，并探讨睡眠模式对糖尿病（diabetes mellitus，DM）患病的影响。  方法  回顾性分析2012年11月至2013年12月在广东省人民医院参加体检的5 666名广州市职工的生活方式调查和体检资料。采用潜在类别分析（latent class analysis，LCA）对人群睡眠的潜在模式及分布特征进行探索性分析，通过多因素Logistic回归模型分析睡眠模式与DM的关系。  结果  LCA识别出5种睡眠模式，分别为“睡眠时间过短伴失眠”（类别1，5.6%）、“睡眠不足伴日间功能轻度减退”（类别2，20.4%）、“睡眠状况良好”（类别3，47.7%）、“睡眠不足伴日间功能障碍”（类别4，4.7%）、“睡眠不足伴夜间睡眠质量差”（类别5，21.6%）。调整相关混杂因素后，与类别3相比，类别1（OR=2.28，95%CI:1.51~3.43，P<0.001）、类别4（OR=2.48，95%CI:1.54~4.00，P<0.001）和类别5（OR=1.31，95%CI:1.01~1.71，P=0.045）人群罹患DM的风险升高。  结论  成年人群的睡眠因素之间存在关联，并表现为不同的睡眠模式；不良睡眠模式可增加DM患病风险。     

Interferon-induced Transmembrane Protein 3 Prevents Acute Influenza Pathogenesis in Mice

Objective Interferon-induced transmembrane protein 3(IFITM3) is an important member of the IFITM family. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying its antiviral action have not been completely elucidated. Recent studies on IFITM3, particularly those focused on innate antiviral defense mechanisms, have shown that IFITM3 affects the body's adaptive immune response. The aim of this study was to determine the contribution of IFITM3 proteins to immune control of influenza infection in vivo.Methods We performed proteomics, flow cytometry, and immunohistochemistry analysis and used bioinformatics tools to systematically compare and analyze the differences in natural killer(NK) cell numbers, their activation, and their immune function in the lungs of Ifitm3-/-and wild-type mice.Results Ifitm3-/-mice developed more severe inflammation and apoptotic responses compared to wild-type mice. Moreover, the NK cell activation was higher in the lungs of Ifitm3-/-mice during acute influenza infection.Conclusions Based on our results, we speculate that the NK cells are more readily activated in the absence of IFITM3, increasing mortality in Ifitm3-/-mice.