In-hospital and Readmission Outcomes With Percutaneous Balloon Mitral Valvuloplasty

Percutaneous balloon mitral valvuloplasty (PBMV) is primarily performed for rheumatic mitral stenosis (MS). Therefore, limited data exist on PBMV in countries with a low incidence of rheumatic disease. Using the Nationwide Readmission Database, we examined trends in in-hospital mortality and 30-day readmission among patients who received PBMV for rheumatic and non-rheumatic MS. We also examined the change in 90-day hospitalization rate before vs after PBMV. Between 2016 and 2019, there were 1109 hospitalizations in which patients received PBMV for rheumatic (n = 955, 86.1%) vs non-rheumatic MS (n = 154, 13.9%). The all-cause in-hospital mortality for rheumatic and non-rheumatic MS did not change over time (0.9% → 2.0%, P = 0.94, and 5.9% → 9.5%, P = 0.09 respectively). Similarly, the 30-day readmission for patients with rheumatic and non-rheumatic MS did not change over time (12.4% → 9.9%, P = 0.26, and 4.4% → 10.5%, P = 0.30, respectively). The 90-day all-cause hospitalization rate remained the same before vs after PBMV for rheumatic and non-rheumatic MS (25.5% → 21.8%; P = 0.14, and 24.0% → 33.7%; P = 0.19, respectively). Although no statistically significant change was noted over time for trends in in-hospital mortality, 30-day readmission, or even in the change in 90-day all-cause hospitalizations before and after PBMV for both types of MS, among those with non-rheumatic MS, there was a signal of an increase in the in-hospital mortality, and 30-day readmission, even more, there was 29% relative increase in 90-day hospitalizations after PBMV. Future studies are needed to examine the role of PBMV in patients with non-rheumatic MS.     

迪利单抗对肺癌患者嗜酸性气道炎症的研究

目的 探讨信迪利单抗对肺癌患者嗜酸性气道炎症的影响。方法 选取2019年4月—2020年4月于徐州医科大学附属宿迁医院就诊的60例IV期非鳞非小细胞肺癌患者,随机分为对照组(单纯化疗组)和试验组(信迪利单抗联合化疗组);对照组给予培美曲塞500 mg/m2联合顺铂75 mg/m2静脉注射;试验组在对照组治疗方案基础上联合免疫检查点抑制剂信迪利单抗200 mg静脉注射,均21天为1个周期。6个周期治疗后检测两组患者呼出气一氧化氮(Fractional exhaled nitric oxide,FeNO)、外周血嗜酸性粒细胞计数、肺功能及动脉血气;分析信迪利单抗治疗组严重不良事件(SAE)及免疫相关性肺炎(CIP)的发生率。结果 ⑴试验组在第2、4、6周期治疗后FeNO水平、外周血嗜酸性粒细胞计数相较于基线水平出现升高趋势,但差异无统计学意义(PFeNO=0.536; PEos=0.762)。⑵两组患者经6个周期治疗后,第1秒用力呼吸容积(FEV1)、用力肺活量(FVC)、FEV1/FVC、一氧化碳弥散量占预计值百分比(DLco%)较治疗前均无明显变化(PFEV1=0.615; PFVC=0.473; PFEV1/FVC=0.637; PDLco%=0.598);动脉血气分析中PH、PaO2、PaCO2水平较治疗前均无明显变化(PPH=0.457; PPaCO2=0.242; PPaO2=0.631)。⑶试验组免疫相关SAE发生率和CIP的发生率均为0。结论 6周期治疗后信迪利单抗对肺癌患者的嗜酸性气道炎症、肺功能、动脉血气分析无明显影响,未出现免疫相关SAE及CIP。     

DSA引导下血管腔内成形术治疗下肢动脉硬化闭塞症的临床研究

目的:探讨DSA引导下血管腔内成形术(TA)治疗下肢动脉硬化闭塞症(ASO-LE)的临床效果。方法:2017年3月至2019年4月,手术治疗的ASO-LE患者93例,依据治疗方式的不同分为A组(行TA,n=49)和B组[行下肢动脉旁路移植术(LEABG),n=44],两组患者均在数字减影血管造影(DSA)引导下进行。对比两组患者手术成功率;两组患者术前即刻(T1)、术后1 d(T2)、术后3 d(T3)及术后1周(T4)时刻视觉模拟疼痛评分(VAS);对比术前(T1')、术后1个月(T2')及术后3个月(T3')时刻两组患者下肢缺血程度[患者踝肱指数(ABI)、趾肱指数(TBI)];对比T1'、T2'及T3'时刻两组患者足背动脉血流动力学[足背动脉内径(D)、血流峰速(PV)、血流量(BF)];对比T1'、T2'及T3'时刻两组患者下肢感觉神经传导速度(SNCV)和运动神经传导速度(MNCV);术后6个月,对比两组患者并发症发生率。结果:两组患者手术成功率无显著差异(P>0.05);患者VAS评分组间、时间、交互对比差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),与T1相比,T2、T3及T4时两组患者VAS评分均降低(P<0.05),与T2相比较,T3及T4时两组患者VAS评分均降低(P<0.05),与T3相比较,T4时两组患者VAS评分均降低(P<0.05),A组T2、T3及T4时刻VAS评分均低于B组(P<0.05);ABI、TBI、D、PV、BF、SNCV和MNCV组间、时间、交互对比差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);与T1'相比,T2'及T3'时两组患者ABI、TBI、D、PV、BF、SNCV和MNCV均升高(P<0.05);与T2'相比较,T3'时2组患者ABI、TBI、下肢SNCV和MNCV均升高(P<0.05),A组T2'及T3'时刻ABI、TBI、D、PV、BF、SNCV和MNCV均高于B组(P<0.05);A组患者并发症发生率显著低于B组(P<0.05)。结论:相比LEABG,DSA引导下对ASO-LE患者进行TA治疗能够减轻疼痛,改善下肢缺血及足背动脉血流动力学,提高下肢SNCV和MNCV,降低并发症的发生率。     

Pre-treatment waking cortisol response and vulnerability to interferon α induced depression

Depressive disorder is a common consequence of interferon α treatment. An understanding of the aetiological processes involved is evolving. HPA axis abnormalities are clearly described in community depressive disorder and represent vulnerability to depression development. We explored whether pre-treatment HPA axis abnormalities influence depression emergence during interferon α treatment. We examined waking HPA axis response via salivary cortisol sampling in 44 non-depressed, chronic hepatitis C infected patients due to commence standard interferon α treatment. Hamilton depression scales and the structured clinical interview for DSM-IV major depressive disorder status were administered monthly during treatment. Major depressive disorder developed in 26 of 44 subjects during interferon-α treatment. The pre-treatment waking cortisol response over 1 h was significantly greater in the subsequent switch to depression group (F=4.23, p=0.046). The waking cortisol response pre-treatment with interferon α appears greater in those subsequently switching to depressive disorder during treatment. This waking response may join other vulnerability factors for depression emergence in this group. This model could prove a valuable tool in understanding non-iatrogenic depressive disorder in the general population and notably the role of cytokines.     

DOPS在外科实习医师技能操作考核中的应用探讨

目的探讨临床操作技能直接观察评估考核(DOPS)在外科实习医师"换药"操作考核中的应用价值。方法以徐州医科大学2017届和2018届在我院实习的临床医学专业46名本科实习医师为研究对象,将其随机分为研究组和对照组。研究组在第1周末、第2周末、第3周末、第4周末进行DOPS评估操作考核;对照组在第1周末、第2周末、第3周末进行传统操作考核,第4周末进行DOPS操作考核。比较研究组和对照组第4周末DOPS考核的平均分数及教师、实习医师对考核的满意度。结果研究组第4周末DOPS考核平均分高于对照组(85.25±2.57)分vs.(76.64±4.96)分;研究组教师满意度为高于对照组教师满意度(7.42±0.41)分vs.(5.76±1.12)分;研究组实习医师满意度为高于对照组实习医师满意度为(7.43±0.85)分vs.(6.17±1.26)分;差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论DOPS评价系统应用于外科实习医师的操作考核中,可有效提高实习医师的操作水平,增加教师与实习医师的满意度。     

PPH治疗出血性内痔128例临床观察

为探讨吻合器痔上黏膜环切术（PPH）治疗出皿性内痔的町行性，对128例出血性内痔行PPH。结果显示，128例患者手术顺利，手术时间30～45min，平均35min．住院时间4～7d．术后48h无疼痛，术后未见肛门有明显的出血；5例术后出现直肠刺激症状，肛门见异常。结果表明，PPH治疗出血性内痔疗效确切．并发症少，恢复快，值得临床推广。     

Association of Cognitive Impairment With Mortality and Readmission in Patients With Heart Failure: A Meta-analysis

Cognitive impairment is a frequent condition in patients with heart failure (HF). This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the prognostic impact of cognitive impairment on all-cause mortality and readmission among HF patients. We systematically searched articles indexing in PubMed and Embase databases until August 5, 2022. Original studies investigating the association of cognitive impairment with mortality and/or readmission for more than 3-month follow-up in patients with HF were selected. Twelve studies including 9556 patients were eligible. The prevalence of cognitive impairment ranged from 13.5% to 63.4% in HF patients. For patients with cognitive impairment vs those without, the pooled adjusted risk ratio (RR) was 1.88 (95% confidence intervals [CI] 1.42-2.48) for all-cause mortality, 1.48 (95% CI 1.19-1.84) for readmission, and 1.53 (95% CI 1.35-1.73) for combined endpoints of all-cause mortality/readmission, respectively. Cognitive impairment is a significant predictor of all-cause mortality/readmission in patients with HF, even after adjustment for the conventional confounding. Evaluation of cognitive function may help to improve risk classification of HF patients.     

Prone position combined with high-flow nasal oxygen could benefit spontaneously breathing,severe COVID-19 patients: A case report

BACKGROUNDSince the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Wuhan, China in December 2019, the overall fatality rate of severe and critical patients with COVID-19 is high and the effective therapy is limited. CASE SUMMARYIn this case report, we describe a case of the successful combination of the prone position (PP) and high-flow nasal oxygen (HFNO) therapy in a spontaneously breathing, severe COVID-19 patient who presented with fever, fatigue and hypoxemia and was diagnosed by positive throat swab COVID-19 RNA testing. The therapy significantly improved the patient''s clinical symptoms, oxygenation status, and radiological characteristics of lung injury during hospitalization, and the patient showed good tolerance and avoided intubation. Additionally, we did not find that medical staff wearing optimal airborne personal protective equipment (PPE) were infected by the new coronavirus in our institution.CONCLUSIONWe conclude that the combination of PP and HFNO could benefit spontaneously breathing, severe COVID-19 patients. The therapy does not increase risk of healthcare workers wearing optimal airborne PPE to become infected with virus particles.     

Does myeloma genetic have an effect on stem cell mobilization?

BackgroundAutologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) after induction treatment is the standard of care. Our understanding of myeloma genetics has been very limited and its effect to stem cell mobilization is not widely investigated. We aimed to investigate the effect of genetic abnormalities on stem cell mobilization in myeloma.MethodsThe data of 150 MM patients who underwent stem cell mobilization at our center between 2009–2020 were included and analyzed retrospectively. Pre-treatment bone marrow cytogenetics and fluorescence in situ hybridization tests were performed for each patient.ResultsGroups were divided into two as patients with normal cytogenetic and abnormal cytogenetic. No difference observed between groups regarding age, gender and ECOG (p = 0.4; p = 0.2; p = 0.3). Groups were similar concerning myeloma characteristics, received treatment and treatment response. Median CD34+ cells/kg harvested was 444(2−11.29) in normal cytogenetic group whereas it was 4,8(2.4−8.6) in abnormal cytogenetic group(p = 0.2). Optimal CD34+ cells level achievement was 73 (67 %) in normal cytogenetic group while it was 25(71.4 %) in abnormal cytogenetic group(p = 0.6). Neutrophil and platelet engraftment durations were similar among cytogenetic groups (p = 0.7; p = 0.9). R-ISS based groups were also did not differ regarding harvested CD34+ cells and achievement optimal CD34 level (p = 0.79, p = 0.74). Engraftment durations for neutrophil and platelet were comparable between R-ISS based groups (p = 0.59, p = 0.65)ConclusionsHere we were not able to find any impact of genetic abnormalities on stem cell mobilization in myeloma patients. Expanded studies can aid to identify the effect of particular genetic anomalies on the stem cell mobilization.