兔肾缺血再灌注损伤时TNF-α、IL-6和bFGF的变化及当归的影响

目的:探讨当归对兔肾缺血再灌注损伤的防治作用及其机制。方法:健康成年日本大耳白兔25只, 随机均分为假手术对照(control)组、单纯缺血再灌注(IR)组和缺血再灌注+当归(RAS+IR)组。在肾缺血1h再灌注48h后取肾组织作电镜检查, 并测血清肌酐(Cr)、肾组织肿瘤坏死因子(TNF-α)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)和碱性成纤维细胞生长因子(bFGF)含量。结果:IR组肾组织变性改变显著, RAS+IR组病变轻微;IR组Cr、TNF-α和IL-6含量显著高于control组(P<0.05, P<0.05和P<0.01);RAS+IR组上述指标显著低于IR组。IR组bFGF含量显著低于control组(P<0.01), RAS+IR组bFGF含量显著高于IR组(P<0.01)和control组(P<0.05).结论:当归具有防治肾IR损伤的作用, 其机制可能与其对TNF-α、IL-6和bFGF等细胞因子的调控有关。     

Effects of arotinoid acid on induction of apoptosis and differentiation and telomerase activity and cell cycle in the HL～60 cell line

Objective To investigate the effects of arotinoid acid (Ro13-7410) on the morphological and functional alterations of leukemia HL-60 cell line and compared with those of RA.Methods Differentiation of HL-60 cells was assessed by morphology and by NBT reduction.Trypan blue exclusion was used to determine viability.Apoptosis was assessed by changes in cell morphology and by measurement of fragmented DNA using the PCD-assay-kit.Telomerase PCR ELISA-kit tested telomerase activity.The cell cycle was analyzed by flow cytometry.Results Incubation of the HL-60 cells with 10(-6)-10(-8) mol/L Ro13-7410 resulted in suppression of cell growth.Apoptotic cells were detected following exposure to 10(-6) mol/LRo13-7410 for 3 hours by measurement of the 'in situ' enzymatic labeling of DNA breaks with biotinylated dUTP.Ultrastructural examination of Ro13-7410-treated samples showed cells with chromatin compaction and cytoplasm condensation and the presence of 'apoptotic bodies'.Cells induced into apoptosis were accompanied by increase of intracellular free Ca[2+].Percentage of HL-60 cells reduced NBT following incubation with Ro13-7410 was lower than with all-trans retinoic acid (RA) (27% vas 85%).Telomerase PCR-ELISA assay showed that HL-60 cells cultured in the absence of inducing agents had significant telomerase activity.Telomerase activity declined gradually after 10(-6) mol/L Ro13-7410 treatment, and changes becoming evident at 1 day.The inhibition of telomerase activity at day 5 of treatment with Ro13-7410 was less effective than with RA.DNA flow cytofluorimetric analysis revealed that Ro13-7410 caused partial cell arrest in the G(2)/M phase after a 2-day treatment and the percentage of cells arrested in the G(2)/M phase increased after 4-days treatment.With RA-treated cells, a reduction in the percentage of cells in the G(2)/M phase was observed after 2-day of treatment.Conclusion Our study shows that Ro13-7410 suppresses HL-60 cells growth mainly via the induction of apoptosis and is less effective than RA in induction differentiation.Ro13-7410 dramatically inhibits telomerase activity during the course of induction and results in G(2)/M arrest within 2 days.These findings suggest that Ro13-7410 is worthy of further study for its effects on leukemic cells.     

高强度聚焦超声对人乳癌组织定位损伤的初步观察

通过高强度聚集超声（ＨＩＦＵ）对离体人乳癌组织的超声定位损伤研究，旨在探讨ＨＩＦＵ对治疗乳癌的可行性和有效性。研究结果表明ＨＩＦＵ能准确定位损伤乳癌组织，能有效破坏焦域内乳癌细胞，对周围组织较为安全，初步展示出ＨＩＦＵ治疗人乳癌的临床前景。     

用小波变换结合神经网络检测ECG信号的P波

通过小波变换对ＥＧＣ信号进行分解,然后采用神经网络检测ＥＣＧ信号的Ｐ波,该方法作为一种辅助检测手段,效果良好。将其用于心率变异性分析具有重要意义。     

粉防己碱对缺氧所致大鼠皮层神经元钙通道功能变化的影响

用细胞贴附式膜片钳单通道记录技术 ,研究了粉防己碱 ( Tet)对缺氧状态下大鼠大脑皮层神经元L-和 N-型钙通道变化的影响 .结果发现 ,Tet7.5,1 5和 30 μmol·L-1浓度依赖性缩短由缺氧诱导的L-和 N-型钙通道开放时间增加 ,降低开放概率 .Tet对皮层神经元 L-和 N-型钙通道的这一作用可能是其脑缺氧保护作用的机理之一 .     

人慢性肝炎贮脂细胞超微形态的计量学变化

目的探讨人慢性肝炎贮脂细胞（又称肝星状细胞）的转化规律。方法利用肝穿刺活检材料，以半薄切片光镜计数及电镜形态计量学等研究方法，对人慢性迁延性肝炎（５例）、轻度慢性活动性肝炎（５例）、中度慢性活动性肝炎（６例）及重度慢性活动性肝炎（５例）的肝小叶非纤维化区和正常肝组织（８例）的贮脂细胞数量、形态及细胞器含量变化进行观察分析。结果慢性活动性肝炎组肝小叶非纤维化区内贮脂细胞总数（２８．８０±３．９６、２７．１１±３．９６、２７．２０±８．８５）个／２０００００μｍ２明显低于正常肝组（４４．７５±６．８７）个／２０００００μｍ２及慢性迁延性肝炎组（４２．４０±１０．７６）个／２０００００μｍ２；过渡细胞的百分率随病变程度加重而趋向升高；部分贮脂细胞转化为成纤维细胞。结论慢性病毒性肝炎致肝纤维化过程中，贮脂细胞不断向成纤维细胞转化，并有向肝小叶纤维间隔迁移的趋势     

Investigation and analysis of the characteristics and drug sensitivity of bacteria in skin ulcer infections

Purpose: Skin ulcer is a common type of disease affecting patients'' health and quality of life, and bacterial infection increases the difficulty of its management. Methods: The present study collected the results of bacterial culture sampled from the surface of 110 cases of skin ulcers at our hospital from January 2011 to December 2012. We analyzed the constituent ratios of ulcer surface bacteria, the change in the main infectious bacteria and the results of drugsensitivity testing for common bacteria. In addition, the characteristics of bacterial infection of skin ulcers were summarized. Result: Of the 110 samples, 90 isolated bacteria were cultured. Sixty-one were Gram-negative bacteria, mainly comprising Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterobacter cloacae and Escherichia coli. In addition, 23 isolates were Gram-positive bacteria, mainly comprising Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus faecalis. The probability of a negative bacterial culture in 2012 was significantly lower than that in 2011 (16.7% vs. 40.0%, p < 0.01). Moreover, the probability of P. aeruginosa infection in 2012 was significantly higher than that in 2011 (31.7% vs. 14.0%, p < 0.01). P. aeruginosa was resistant to seven commonly used antibiotics. Both K. pneumoniae and E. coli had higher resistance to ampicillin. E. cloacae were not sensitive to piperacillin/tazobactam. Acinetobacter baumannii was resistant to all the tested drugs. S. aureus, E. faecalis and Staphylococcus epidermidis had high resistance to clindamycin. There was other drug resistance to reflect the higher rate of skin bacterial resistance. Conclusion: Skin bacterial resistance rate is high. Gram-negative bacteria gradually account for the majority, and P. aeruginosa becomes the most important skin infection pathogen. These characteristics of bacterial infections of skin ulcers provide a significant reference for guiding the selection of antibiotics, better controlling infections of skin ulcers and accelerating the healing of skin ulcers.     

超声预测及诊治术后肺部并发症的应用进展

近年来,超声在围麻醉期的应用发展迅速,相较于胸部CT和X线片,超声因其无创性、便携性、安全性等优点,在临床上逐渐应用于围麻醉期心、肺、大血管等重要组织器官的监测。全身麻醉气管插管术后肺部并发症（PPCs）发生率高,危害性大,尤其在患儿和老年患者中。超声在监测肺功能方面有着独特的优势,通过超声所反映的肺部回声图像评估患者肺功能,并结合临床多项指标综合判断患者PPCs的发生情况,可以对全身麻醉患者PPCs进行术前早期预测和术后快速识别。本文就超声在预测、诊治PPCs的应用进展进行综述,以期为麻醉科医师全面评估PPCs的发生提供参考。