皮肤洗消剂PF2009对化学毒剂的消毒作用

目的通过检测皮肤洗消剂PF2009对化学毒剂的体外消毒效率,对皮肤洗消剂PF2009的消毒效果进行评价。方法将皮肤洗消剂PF2009按比例分别同梭曼（GD）、维埃克斯（vx）、芥子气（HD）混合,采用色谱分析法或T-135法于不同作用时间检测化学毒剂的剩余量。将皮肤洗消剂PF2009及其基质分别按相同比例与GD、VX或HD相互作用．1h后利用反应混合物进行在体动物实验．染毒后6d内观察动物存活情况,进行乙酰胆碱酯酶（ACHE）活性检测．或通过观察皮肤损伤面积及组织病理学变化等指标评价皮肤洗消剂PF2009的消毒效果。结果洗消剂对VX和GD具有快速、高效的消毒效果,在洗消剂与两毒剂分别按照体积比50：1进行消毒时,相互作用10min后,其消毒效率均大于99％：洗消剂对HD也具有较好的消毒效果,混匀后静置10min,消毒率达到80％以上,静置60min,其消毒率达到94％。毒剂与洗消液有效成分的摩尔比为1：10时。混匀60rain后GD消毒产物按照GD剂量4．54、9．0mg／kg（以初始加入GD量计）腹腔注射（ip）家兔。VX消毒产物3．34mg／ks（以初始加入VX量计）ip家兔,6d之内家兔全部存活,血液AChE活性均为正常对照的90％以上．而对应的基质对照组动物全部死亡。HD与PF2009消毒产物1mg／cm。皮肤染毒组同HD基质消毒对照组相比皮肤损伤明显减轻。结论皮肤洗消剂PF2009在体外对毒剂具有很好的消毒效果。     

空心莲子草中三萜皂苷类化学成分的研究

为了研究苋科植物空心莲子草[Alternanthera philoxeroides(Mart.)Griseb]抗病毒活性的物质基础,对其化学成分进行了研究。本文主要报道从空心莲子草正丁醇部位分离得到的5个三萜皂苷类化合物,经图谱分析,结构分别鉴定为:3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖(1→3)-O-[β-D-吡喃葡萄糖]-齐墩果酸-28-O-β-D-葡萄糖醛酸苷(1)、齐墩果酸-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖醛酸苷(2)、齐墩果酸-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖醛酸-28-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(竹节参苷Ⅳa,3)、3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖醛酸丁酯-齐墩果酸-28-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(4)和3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖醛酸-常春藤皂苷K(尼泊尔常春藤皂苷K,5),其中化合物1为新化合物,化合物4和5为首次从该植物中分离得到。     

北京市昌平区温泉水域场所卫生现况调查分析

目的了解北京市昌平地区温泉水域场所卫生状况。方法采用GB/ T 18204.9.10.29-2000公共场所及ISO 11731∶1998(E)军团菌检测方法进行卫生指标检测细菌的分离鉴定。结果5所温泉水域场所108份样品总大肠菌群72份超标,超标率为66.67%;细菌总数74份超标,超标率为68.52%;尿素7份超标,超标率为6.48%;军团菌检出率55.56%;大肠埃希菌、霍乱弧菌均未检出。21份温泉水在不同温度下的检出情况为:水的温度在44 ℃时大肠菌群的检出率明显下降,60 ℃时呈阴性;细菌总数与军团菌在60 ℃检出率分别为14.29%、19.05%,水温在70 ℃均为阴性。大肠埃希菌及霍乱弧菌各温度时均为阴性。5所温泉水域场所温泉水pH值在6.4～7.3之间,环境温度在26～28 ℃之间,相对湿度在56%～81%,均为细菌最佳的生长条件。温泉水域场所消毒全部采用氯制剂,余氯含量在标准范围（0.3～0.5 mg/L）内。结论5所温泉水域场所温泉水污染比较严重,环境条件、pH值、水温度均适合细菌生长,所以要高度注意由温泉引起疾病暴发。由于温泉水温度比较高,氯制剂中氯挥发快,则影响消毒效果,适当提高温度可作为抑制军团菌等细菌繁殖的有效方法。     

The highly efficient removal of HCN over Cu8Mn2/CeO2 catalytic material

In this work, porous CeO₂ flower-like spheres loaded with bimetal oxides were prepared to achieve effective removal of HCN in the lower temperature region of 30–150 °C. Among all samples, the CeO₂ loaded with copper and manganese oxides at the mass ratio of 8/2 (Cu₈Mn₂/CeO₂) exhibited the highest catalytic activity: the HCN removal rate was nearly 100% at 90 °C at the conditions of 120 000 h⁻¹ and 5 vol% H₂O, the catalytic activity of which was higher than for other reported catalysts. The introduction of MnO_x could improve the dispersion of CuO particles and increase the total acid sites of the prepared samples. It was proved that the synergy between CuO and MnO_x, the chemisorption oxygen, the oxygen vacancies, the Cu²⁺ and Mn⁴⁺ all played an important role in determining the good catalytic activity of the prepared samples. NH₃-TPD analysis indicated the introduction of MnO_x promoted the conversion of NH₃ and N₂ selectivity by increasing the acid sites of the sample. According to the C, N balance data and FT-IR results, when the temperature was below 30 °C, the removal of HCN over Cu₈Mn₂/CeO₂ was mainly by chemisorption and the HCN breakthrough behaviors corresponded to the Yoon and Nelson''s model. When temperature was above 120 °C, the HCN was totally removed by catalytic hydrolysis and catalytic oxidation.

In this work, porous CeO₂ flower-like spheres loaded with bimetal oxides were prepared to achieve effective removal of HCN in the lower temperature region of 30–150 °C.     

躯体形式障碍患者症状与心理社会因素关系

目的探讨躯体形式障碍患者症状与心理社会因素的相关性,为心理治疗提供科学依据。方法采用症状自评量表（SCL-90）、明尼苏达多相个性调查问卷（MMPI）、防御方式问卷（DSQ）对53名躯体形式障碍患者进行调查。结果躯体形式障碍患者的症状与MMPI的诈分、疑病、心理变态、偏执、精神衰弱、精神分裂、轻躁症、社会内向、校正分及DSQ的不成熟防御机制、中间型防御机制有相关关系,与心理变态、偏执性、年龄、性别、文化程度有回归关系。结论躯体形式障碍患者的躯体症状与其心理社会因素相关,必须注重其心理治疗。     

补肾柔肝法治疗老年抑郁症浅析

目的:探讨老年抑郁症病机特点与治疗方药,启发辨证思路,指导郁病临床防治。方法:通过整理和分析古代医家有关郁病论治的相关文献,在传统中医理论的基础上,结合自身临床体会,从理论基础与临床运用两个方面进以论述。结果:补肾柔肝法论治老年抑郁症,疗效确切,并附以相关方药。结论:补肾柔肝法为老年抑郁症论治的根本,且临床疗效确切。     

无源效率刻度方法在中子剂量估算中的应用

目的在意外中子照射情况下,快速给出探测器的探测效率,利用24Na能谱分析法估算中子剂量。方法使用Genius-2000 GeomComposer软件实现对探测器的效率刻度。结果可快速给出探测器对3 ml血样中1.368 MeV能量的γ光子的探测效率,其数值为4.05271×10-2,软件给出的误差为4.0%。对中子照射样品的剂量估算值为1.94～2.82 Gy,算术平均值为2.38 Gy,剂量值的不确定度约为20.07%。结论将无源效率刻度方法应用在人体血液24Na能谱分析法中,可提高估算速度。     

Correlation between prepulse inhibition and cortical perfusion during an attentional test in schizophrenia: A pilot study

BackgroundProcesses underlying cortical hypoactivation in schizophrenia are poorly understood but some evidence suggests that a deficient sensory filtering is associated with the condition. This filtering deficit can be studied by using measures of prepulse inhibition (PPI) of the startle reflex.ObjectiveTo evaluate the contribution of sensory filtering deficits to cortical hypoperfusion during an attention test in schizophrenia.MethodMeasurements of PPI of the startle reflex and perfusion during the performance of a Stroop test (assessed with single photon emission tomography) were obtained in 10 acutely treated schizophrenia patients (6 with recent onset, RO) and 16 control subjects. These measurements were compared between patients and controls and the correlation between PPI and perfusion was evaluated within each group, using Statistical Parametric Mapping.ResultsIn comparison with normal subjects, the patients exhibited lower PPI, although the difference was not statistically significant. Perfusion was significantly lower in the prefrontal and premotor regions of the patients. In the patient group, a statistically significant difference was observed between PPI and perfusion in the parietal, premotor, and cingulate regions. When the associations were analyzed in the RO patients alone, a positive correlation was also found between prefrontal perfusion and PPI, while anterior hippocampal perfusion was inversely related to PPI.ConclusionsThese results support the notion that deficient sensory-motor filtering is associated with decreased cortical task-related activation in schizophrenia.     

组织等效介质中正离子径迹周围剂量分布特性研究

目的探讨正离子在人体组织（或组织等效介质）中能量沉积的微观特性。方法在对人体组织材料进行分析的基础上,确定了密度为1g/cm^3水蒸汽作为组织等效材料的合理性,利用MC粒子输运技术模拟了质子在介质中的微观行为。通过对计算所得数据进行系统分析,得出正离子在组织等效材料中能量沉积微观特性的一些规律与特点。结果在介质中正离子除使原子激发损失能量之外,还会通过电离的方式,把其能量交给次级电子,最后由电子完成其能量沉积过程。所以,正离子在介质中发生能量沉积时,大部分能量沉积在径迹芯上,次级电子主要在径迹芯以外发生能量沉积,从而在介质中形成特定的剂量分布形式。结论正离子在介质中产生的剂量分布研究对于探讨辐射生物效应具有重大意义。