腺病毒介导的人视网膜母细胞瘤94基因对人食管癌细胞辐射增敏作用的研究

目的 探讨重组腺病毒人视网膜母细胞瘤94基因(Ad-Rb94)对γ射线杀伤人食管癌 EC109细胞的增敏作用。方法 将Ad-Rb94体外转染后的EC109细胞,按数字随机表法,分为空白对照组、Ad-LacZ对照组、Ad-Rb94组、照射组和Ad-Rb94联合照射组,观察EC109的细胞的抑制率、细胞周期和Rb蛋白的表达。结果 Ad-Rb94组、照射组和Ad-Rb94联合照射组对EC109细胞生长均具有抑制作用,Ad-Rb94联合照射组的抑制效应最强,明显高于Ad-Rb94组和照射组(F=23.31,P<0.05)。Ad-Rb94联合照射组EC109细胞出现明显的G₂期阻滞,G₂期细胞所占比例达50%。Ad-Rb94联合照射组表达Rb蛋白的细胞明显增加,阳性率达71%,较Ad-Rb94组和照射组差异有统计学意义(χ²=8.31和6.73,P<0.05)。结论 Rb94基因联合照射能明显提高对人食管癌细胞的辐射增敏性。     

Prognostic significance of DNA content in stage I adenocarcinoma of the lung

Purpose: Up to 30% of lung cancers (Stage I) with the most favorable outcome recur within 5 years after surgery. This study reviews the pattern of failure after surgical resection in early lung cancers and determines whether flow cytometric DNA variables were prognostic indicators for survival, disease-free survival (DFS), or distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS).Methods and Materials: Pathologic specimens from 45 patients at The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center who underwent surgical resection and mediastinal nodal dissection for stage I (AJCC) adenocarcinomas of the lung were analyzed by flow cytometry for DNA content. Survival was calculated by the method of Desu and Lee. Chi-square and cross tabulation were used in the analysis.Results: The mean age of the patients was 62 years, and 52.3% were male. All patients were clinical Stage I (T1-2 N0), Karnofsky performance status ≥70, and had a weight loss <10 lbs. Median overall survival (OS) and DFS were 50 months and 33 months, respectively. OS, DFS, and DMFS at 1, 3 and 5 years were 73%, 57%, and 35%; 63%, 53%, and 45%; and 67%, 56%, and 48%, respectively. Analysis of all 45 patients revealed 86% of patients developing brain metastasis had an abnormal DNA content ≥ 30%, whereas 4% of patients with brain metastasis had abnormal DNA content < 30% (p = 0.01). This correlation maintained significance when only pT1/2 lesions were analyzed. There was a significant statistical correlation between abnormal DNA and 5-year OS, with 74% OS for those with abnormal DNA < 30% vs. 42% for ≥ 30% (p = 0.036). The 5-year DFS for pT1/2 patients was significantly correlated with abnormal DNA content: 53% for patients with abnormal DNA < 30% vs. 17% for patients with abnormal DNA ≥ 30%, respectively (p = 0.03). Of those with %S fraction (%S) < 2, 13% failed locally compared to 41% of those with %S ≥ 2. There was a highly significant correlation between DNA index (DNAI) and aneuploid %S: 68% of patients with a DNAI ≥ 1.7 had ≥ 2.6 aneuploid %S, whereas only 13% of patients with DNAI ≥ 1.7 had aneuploid %S < 2.6. (p < 0.001). Grouping the percent of abnormal DNA and overall %S according to low vs. mixed vs. high values correlated with DFS (p = 0.02).Conclusions: This study confirms significant correlation between a high DNA index and a higher frequency of brain metastasis, as well as worse OS. Although DNA content variables were not predictive of recurrence at other sites, brain metastasis represents the worst outcome from distant metastasis. Further studies are needed, as well as prospective trials, for evaluating adjuvant therapy in patients with adverse DNA variables following complete surgical resection for early disease. If high-risk patients could be identified after resection, adjuvant therapy (chemotherapy or elective brain irradiation) could be administered.     

Induction chemotherapy followed by concomitant radiotherapy and weekly cisplatin versus the same concomitant chemoradiotherapy in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma: a randomized phase II study conducted by the Hellenic Cooperative Oncology Group (HeCOG) with biomarker evaluation

BackgroundConcomitant administration of radiation therapy (RT) and chemotherapy with cisplatin (CCRT) is considered standard treatment in patients with locally advanced nasopharyngeal cancer (LA-NPC). The role of induction chemotherapy (IC) when followed by CCRT in improving locoregional control remains controversial.Patients and methodsTotally, 141 eligible patients with LA-NPC were randomized to either three cycles of IC with cisplatin 75 mg/m², epirubicin 75 mg/m² and paclitaxel (Taxol) 175 mg/m² (CEP) every 3 weeks followed by definitive RT (70 Gy) and concomitant weekly infusion of cisplatin 40 mg/m² (investigational arm, 72 patients) or to the same CCRT regimen alone (control arm, 69 patients).ResultsSixty-two patients (86%) received three cycles of IC. No difference between the arms was observed in the number of patients who completed RT (61 versus 64, P = 018). Overall and complete response rates were very similar in the two arms and so were 3-year progression-free and overall survival rates. Grade III or IV toxic effects from IC were infrequent, apart of alopecia. Mucositis, weight loss and leukopenia were the most prominent side-effects from CCRT.ConclusionIC with three cycles of CEP when followed by CCRT did not significantly improve response rates and/or survival compared with that of CCRT alone.