自体造血干细胞移植治疗晚期恶性实体瘤

目的观察自体造血干细胞 (aulologoushematopoiticstemcelltransplantation ,AHSCT)对晚期恶性实体瘤的疗效及副作用。方法 6例患者中 ,1例行自体骨髓移植 (antologousbonemarrowtranspla tion ,ABMT) ,5例行自体外周血干细胞移植 (autologousperipheralbloodstemcelltransplantationAPBSCT)。预处理方案 :乳腺癌为CEP(CTX ,VP-1 6,DDP) ,恶性淋巴瘤为CEA(CTX ,VP-1 6,Ara-c)方案 ,采集的干细胞 1例 4℃保存 ,72小时内回输 ,其余 5例 - 80℃保存。结果APBSCT动员采集单个核细胞数 7 0 2× 1 0 8 kg ,ABMT和APBSCT后 ,患者中性粒细胞计数恢复到 0 5× 1 0 9/L ,血小板达 50× 1 0 9/L以上的时间平均为 1 0 8天和 1 6 2天。毒副作用主要是骨髓抑制和消化道反应 ,随访至今死亡 2例 ,复发 2例 ,2例无瘤生存。结论AHSCT治疗晚期乳腺癌近期疗效肯定 ,可提高生活质量 ,对恶性淋巴瘤的治疗有效 ,但对反复复发患者需移植后作进一步治疗。     

The chemokine CXCL9 expression is associated with better prognosis for colorectal carcinoma patients

The chemokine CXCL9 has been demonstrated to play an important role in the development of human malignancies. However, its prognostic significance in cancer patients remains unclear and less is known about its role in colonrectal carcinoma (CRC) patients. In this study, we found that the relative mRNA expression level of CXCL9 in primary colorectal tumor tissues was significantly higher than that in corresponding normal colon tissues. CXCL9 protein expression was also detected in 102 of 130 primary CRC patients by immunochemistry. Thus, CXCL9 might play a vital role in the progression of colorectal cancer. By analyzing the correlation between clinicopathological factors of patients and expression of CXCL9 protein, we showed that the expression of CXCL9 was significantly associated with tumor differentiation, tumor invasion, lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis, and vascular invasion, but not with other factors of CRC patients including age, gender, tumor location and tumor size. Furthermore, by performing Kaplan–Meier method as well as Cox’s univariate and multivariate hazard regression model, we found that the higher the CXCL9 expression, the higher overall survival rate was observed, and CXCL9 expression was a significant independent prognostic factor for CRC patients. Therefore, CXCL9 is a useful predictor of better clinical outcome in CRC patients.     

Laparoscopic versus open pancreatoduodenectomy: an individual participant data meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

BackgroundRandomized trials have compared laparoscopic pancreatoduodenectomy (LPD) to open pancreatoduodenectomy (OPD) with conflicting results. An IPDMA may give more insight into the differences between LPD and OPD, and could identify high-risk subgroups.MethodsA systematic literature search was performed in the Pubmed, Embase, and the Cochrane library databases (October 2019). Out of 1410 studies, three randomized trials were identified. Primary outcome was major complications (Clavien-Dindo grade ≥ III). Subgroup analyses were performed for high-risk subgroups including patients with BMI of ≥25 kg/m2, pancreatic duct <3 mm, age ≥70 years, and malignancy.ResultsData from 224 patients were collected. After LPD, major complications occurred in 33/114 (29%) patients compared to 34/110 (31%) patients after OPD (adjusted odds ratio (OR) 0.62; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.3–1.4, P = 0.257). No differences were seen for major complications and 90-day mortality LPD 8 (7%) vs OPD 4 (4%) (adjusted OR 0.2; 95% CI 0.02–1.3, P = 0.080). With LPD, operative time was longer (420 vs 318 min, p < 0.001) and hospital stay was shorter (mean difference ?6.97 days). Outcomes remained stable in the high-risk subgroups.ConclusionLPD did not reduce the rate of major postoperative complications as compared to OPD. LPD increased operative time and shortened hospital stay with 7 days.     

CD40-mediated immune cell activation enhances response to anti-PD-1 in murine intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma

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电穿孔疗法效应及治疗肿瘤的研究进展

用电穿孔方法结合化疗药物治疗肿瘤,给予相对较少剂量的化疗药物就能杀死肿瘤细胞,这两者的结合称为电化学疗法(ECT),其优势是疗效提高、同时毒性降低。ECT在细胞实验、动物实验和临床试验中取得了显著成效,电穿孔治疗仪的研发和应用加快了这种治疗方法的进步。研究者们还探索高强度电场的陡脉冲使肿瘤细胞发生不可逆的穿孔从而导致肿瘤细胞死亡的现象,并展现出广阔的应用前景。