骶髂螺钉固定在骶髂关节脱位中的应用解剖学研究

目的 :为应用骶髂螺钉固定骶髂关节脱位提供形态学依据。方法 :对 3 0具成人干燥骨盆标本 ,模拟骶髂螺钉内固定手术并作CT扫描 ,对进针点与不同解剖结构之间的距离、进针的方向、进针的深度以及S1骶孔上方的骶骨翼的前后径和上下径进行测量。结果 :进针点距臀肌线的距离为 ( 2 0 70± 3 2 7)mm ,距坐骨大切迹的距离为( 3 5 0 0± 1 91)mm ;轴位及冠状位CT测量进针与髂骨外板的交角分别为 ( 90 18± 2 69)°和 ( 90 40± 2 87)° ;进针深度为 ( 67 77± 3 63 )mm ;S1骶孔上方骶骨翼的前后径和上下径分别为 ( 18 2 6± 2 0 6)mm和 ( 18 74± 1 5 1)mm。结论 :临床应用骶髂螺钉固定需选择恰当的进针点和进针方向 ,术中需行骨盆正位、入口位和出口位的透视以确定螺钉植入的准确性     

云南不同产地灯盏细辛药材中灯盏乙素的HPLC测定

目的：以灯盏乙素的含量为指标来比较云南不同产地灯盏细辛药材的质量差异。方法：灯盏细辛药材经50％乙醇提取，用高效液相色谱方法（C18柱，用甲醇-乙腈-0．5％甲酸为流动相梯度洗脱）测定灯盏乙素的含量。结果：云南不同产地灯盏细辛中灯盏乙素的含量在0．72％～2．95％之间，平均含量1．40％．结论：云南不同产地灯盏细辛药材质量基本一致，以弥勒县等传统产区的药材灯盏乙素含量相对较高。     

个体化出院指导应用于高血压病患者的效果分析

目的：探讨个体化出院指导对高血压患者依从性的影响。方法：将80例患者随机分为实验组和对照组，分别给予个体化出院指导联合一般性出院指导和单用一般性出院指导，出院三个月和六个月时跟踪随访。结果：实验组的依从性明显好于对照组，出院后随访病情复发率明显降低（P〈0.05〉。结论：个体化出院指导可提高高血压患者依从性，改善患者的社会适应能力，降低复发率。     

肌钙蛋白T试纸条预测充血性心力衰竭预后的意义

目的探讨肌钙蛋白T(TNT)试纸条在预测充血性心力衰竭(CHF)预后的价值。方法将CHF患者64例,按心功能分级分为轻、重度心功能不全组各34例,30例,用试纸条检测TNT,阳性判断临界值为0.1μg/L。结果轻、重度心功能不全组TNT阳性数各为0例,8例,有显著差异(P＜0.05);TNT阳性死亡率50%较阴性死亡率3.57%高(P＜0.05);TNT阳性住院日数(36.36±14.64)d较阴性住院数(23.82±11.29)d长(P＜0.05);TNT阳性预测患者死亡率特异性为93.01%,敏感性为66.67%。结论用试纸条测试TNT对CHF预后具有一定的预测价值。     

糖尿病血清胆红素的变化及临床意义

了解糖尿病患者血清胆红素的变化情况及其临床意义。方法:分别测定40例糖尿病患者与40例正常健康人的血清胆红素浓度,并进行对比分析。结果:糖尿病患者与正常健康人相比,血清总胆红素无明显差异(P>0.05),直接胆红素明显升高(P<0.01),而间接胆红素明显降低(P<0.01)。结论:本资料显示,积极防治糖尿病患者血清直接胆红素升高和间接胆红素降低具有重要的临床意义。     

洱源县小兽类哺乳动物种群结构研究

目的　调查大理州洱源县小兽类哺乳动物种群结构。方法　 2 0 0 1～ 2 0 0 3年春季 ,在不同环境下采用捕鼠笼、鼠夹、电子捕鼠器等工具捕捉小兽 ,研究小兽种群结构。结果　捕获小兽 3目 5科 8属 17种共 661只。野外生境捕获小兽 3目 17种 ,以大绒鼠和齐氏姬鼠为常见种 ,分别占 3 2 .71%和 2 3 .5 9%。室内生境捕获小兽 2目 4种 ,褐家鼠为优势种 ,占 77.43 % ,黄胸鼠次之 ,占 18.75 %。结论　野外生境小兽种群丰富 ,室内较单一。     

云南省大理小型哺乳动物种类的调查

目的　调查云南省大理小型哺乳动物的种类。方法　 2 0 0 0～ 2 0 0 3年对云南省大理小型哺乳动物种类和分布进行了调查。结果　捕获小型哺乳动物 2 2 68只 ,初步查明的种类有 2 4种 ,隶属 3目 6科 13属 ,以啮齿动物为主。结论　大理小型哺乳动物种类丰富 ,至少 17种小兽与多种动物源性疾病的传播有关     

老鹳草素对实验性骨质疏松症及破骨细胞生成的影响

目的评价老鹳草素（geraniin，Ge）对实验性骨质疏松症的影响并探讨其初步作用机制．方法用维甲酸建立大鼠骨质疏松模型，观察Ge20mg／kg灌胃给药1周后对骨质疏松相关指标的影响．机械法分离1Et龄SD大鼠四肢长骨获得破骨细胞（osteoclast，oc），接种于培养板中培养，在培养液中分别加入不同浓度的Ge和Ⅱ型碳酸酐酶（carbonic anhydraseⅡ，CAⅡ）阻断剂乙酰唑胺（acetazolamide，Az），应用抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶（tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase，TRAP）和甲苯胺蓝染色技术，观察不同浓度Ge对OC生存率的影响．结果维甲酸70mg／kg体重灌胃15d，模型组大鼠的体重下降，卵巢指数下降，血清碱性磷酸酶（alkaliner,hosphatase,ALP）升高，骨钙含量减少，骨小梁稀疏，骨小梁表面积减小，骨小梁间隙面积增大，表明大鼠骨质疏松模型复制成功．与模型组比较，Ge组和尼尔雌醇片阳性对照组的卵巢指数高，骨钙增高，骨小梁较密集，骨小梁间隙面积小，骨小梁表面积大，Ge可降低血清ALP同时升高血清钙水平．Ge呈浓度依赖性减少体外培养的TRAP染色阳性的多核细胞（成熟破骨细胞，mature osteoclast，mOC）数目．结论老鹳草素对维甲酸致大鼠骨质疏松症有对抗作用，明显抑制体外培养OC的生存率可能是抗骨质疏松作用的机制之一.     

Seasonal influenza vaccination among cancer patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis of the determinants

Cancer patients are among high-risk individuals for whom seasonal influenza vaccine (SIV) is recommended, but rates of vaccination in this subpopulation remain suboptimal; even in jurisdictions with universal influenza vaccination programs. We sought to summarize the evidence to better understand the determinants of SIV uptake (vaccine receipt) among cancer patients. We searched MEDLINE, Embase, and CINAHL from 2000 to February 12, 2020, focusing on articles on the determinants of seasonal influenza vaccination among cancer patients, published in English. Study selection was conducted independently by 2 reviewers. One reviewer extracted data from the included studies and another reviewer checked the extracted data for errors. Outcomes were sociodemographic and health-related factors. We pooled adjusted results from studies using the inverse variance, random-effects method, and reported the odds ratios (OR) and their 95% confidence intervals (CI). Out of 2664 citations, 10 studies (mostly from USA and South Korea) met our eligibility criteria. Overall, being older (OR 2.23, 95% CI 1.46-3.38; I² 92.3%, [6 studies]), a nonsmoker (1.43, 1.32-1.51; I² 0%, [4 studies]), having a chronic illness (1.18, 1.07-1.29; I² 15.7%, [5 studies]), having had a medical check-up in the past year (1.75, 1.65-1.86; I² 0%, [2 studies]), and having health insurance (1.39, 1.13-1.72; I² 21.8%, [3 studies]) were associated with increased SIV uptake. Compared with being African-American, being Caucasian was also associated with increased SIV uptake (1.79, 1.47-2.13; I² 10.7%, [3 studies]). Limited evidence suggests seasonal influenza vaccination among cancer patients may be determined by some sociodemographic and health-related factors.     

Evidence of association between single-nucleotide polymorphisms in lipid metabolism-related genes and type 2 diabetes mellitus in a Chinese population

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a complex chronic metabolic disorder triggered by insulin resistance in peripheral tissues. Evidence has shown that lipid metabolism and related genetic factors lead to insulin resistance. Hence, it is meaningful to investigate the association between single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in lipid metabolism-related genes and T2DM.Methods: A total of 1,194 subjects with T2DM and 1,274 Non-diabetic subjects (NDM) were enrolled. Five SNPs in three genes (rs864745 in JAZF1, rs35767 in IGF1, and rs4376068, rs4402960, and rs6769511 in IGF2BP2) that contribute to insulin resistance involving lipid metabolism were genotyped using the MassArray method in a Chinese population.Results: The allele and genotypes of rs6769511 in IGF2BP2 were associated with T2DM (P=0.009 and P=0.002, respectively). In inheritance model analysis, compared with the T/T-C/T genotype, the C/C genotype of rs6769511 in IGF2BP2 was a risk factor for the development of T2DM (P<0.001, odds ratio [OR] =1.76; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.29-2.42). Haplotype analysis revealed associations of the rs4376068-rs4402960-rs6769511 haplotypes in IGF2BP2 with the development of T2DM (P=0.015). Additionally, rs4376068C-rs4402960T-rs6769511C was a risk haplotype for T2DM (OR=1.179; 95% CI: 1.033-1.346).Conclusion: The rs6769511 in IGF2BP2 was associated with T2DM susceptibility, and the rs4376068-rs4402960-rs6769511 haplotypes in IGF2BP2 was associated with the development of T2DM in a Chinese population.