Trajectory of adherence to home rehabilitation among older adults with hip fractures and cognitive impairment

This study aimed to identify different trajectories of adherence to home rehabilitation for older adults with hip fracture and cognitive impairment, to examine associations between different adherence trajectories and postoperative recovery outcomes, and to explore the predictors of adherence trajectories. Group-based trajectory modeling showed two adherence trajectories: low (39.06%) and high (60.94%) adherence. The high adherence group had better activities of daily living (β=11.77, p<.001), instrumental activities of daily living (β=0.56, p<.01), femoral muscular strength (β=3.35, p<.01) on the fractured side and quality of life (β=-0.81, p=.02) than the low adherence group. Participants who established exercise habits (OR=6.49, p<.01) and consulted a physical therapist (OR=4.29, p=.03) during hospitalization were more likely to be in the high adherence group.     

锁定钢板内固定联合抗骨质疏松治疗老年肱骨近端骨折的效果

目的探讨锁定钢板内固定联合抗骨质疏松治疗老年肱骨近端骨折的效果。方法 2011年2月~2014年8月河北联合大学附属医院收治的老年肱骨近端骨折患者55例随机分为治疗组(28例)和对照组(27例)。治疗组患者给予锁定钢板内固定治疗及3个月的抗骨质疏松治疗。对照组仅采用锁定钢板内固定治疗。比较两组患者住院时间、抗骨质疏松治疗后的骨密度及肩关节功能的恢复情况。结果与对照组比较,治疗组住院时间明显缩短[(7.0±0.9)d比(10.1±0.7)d],差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗组和对照组患者术后3个月L2~4椎体骨密度分别为(0.80±0.11)、(0.64±0.04)g/cm2,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗组肩关节功能的恢复情况:优15例、良10例、可2例、差1例;对照组:优10例、良10例、可4例、差3例,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论老年肱骨近端骨折采用锁定钢板内固定联合抗骨质疏松治疗临床效果好,住院时间短,肩关节功能恢复良好,值得临床推广应用。     

槲皮素壳聚糖膜对口腔溃疡及创面组织中超氧化物歧化酶和丙二醛含量的影响

背景:以天然可吸收的壳聚糖为膜载体,加入具有抗菌消炎、促进创面愈合的槲皮素制成复合膜,拟通过动物模型对该膜的药理作用进行初步观察。目的:观察槲皮素壳聚糖复合药膜对NaOH所致大鼠口腔溃疡的治疗作用。方法:采用NaOH烧灼法制备SD大鼠口腔溃疡模型80只,随机分为4组,空白对照组不采取任何处理措施,壳聚糖膜组在溃疡处贴壳聚糖膜,复合膜组在溃疡处贴槲皮素与壳聚糖复合药膜,冰硼散组在溃疡处喷洒冰硼散,2次/d,直至溃疡完全愈合为止。另外从上述实验动物中取SD大鼠10只,在大鼠背部脊柱两侧制作全层皮肤缺损模型,创面制作后次日,空白对照组不做任何处理,冰硼散组创面涂抹冰硼散液,壳聚糖组创面涂抹壳聚糖液,复合溶液组创面涂抹槲皮素壳聚糖液,2次/d,连续给药3d。结果与结论:复合膜组各时间点的溃疡面积均小于空白对照组(P<0.01),且给药后第2,4天的溃疡面积也小于冰硼散组(P<0.05)。在溃疡表面感染程度上复合膜组明显好于空白对照组(P<0.01),与冰硼散组之间差异无显著性意义。复合溶液组创面组织中超氧化物歧化酶活力明显高于空白对照组(P<0.01),而丙二醛含量低于空白对照组(P<0.01)。结果可见槲皮素壳聚糖复合药膜可促进溃疡面愈合,这可能与其提高创面组织中超氧化物歧化酶活性,降低丙二醛含量有关。     

Utility of teledermatopathology for intraoperative margin assessment of melanoma in situ,lentigo maligna type: A 6 year community practice experience

BackgroundAchieving negative margins for melanoma in situ, lentigo maligna type can be challenging, particularly on cosmetically sensitive areas.ObjectiveTo assess the utility of intraoperative frozen section margin assessment using a teledermatopathology system in the treatment of head and neck lentigo maligna.Methods and materialsOver a 6 year period, 96 patients with lentigo maligna had surgical excisions. The margins were assessed intraoperatively with frozen sections prepared in the manner used in Mohs surgery. The surgeon guided the frozen section slides around the margin while a dermatopathologist assessed the margin remotely.ResultsIn 2/96 (2.1%) cases, the safety margin was positive (frozen sections were false negative). In 1 further case (1%) there was a recurrence of the melanoma 13 months following the excision.ConclusionThe described method is effective in treating melanoma in situ, lentigo maligna type with clearance rates similar to previous studies for Mohs surgery.     

The mediating role of emotional intelligence between negative life events and psychological distress among nursing students: A cross-sectional study

BackgroundPrevious studies have highlighted that negative life events and emotional intelligence are significant predictors of mental health. However, whether emotional intelligence mediates the relationship between negative life events and psychological distress among nursing students have not been given adequate attention.ObjectivesTo explore the relationship among negative life events, emotional intelligence and psychological distress and to examine the mediating role of emotional intelligence in psychological distress among Chinese nursing students.DesignA cross-sectional survey using convenience sampling.Settings and ParticipantsA total of 467 nursing students who were enrolled in a university in mainland of China.MethodsA structured questionnaire was administered from September–November in 2013 to participants who consented to participate in the study. Independent variables were personal variables, emotional intelligence and negative life events. Outcome variable was psychological health. The means and standard deviations were computed. Student's t-test and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) were performed, to test the differences among the demographic characteristics on the psychological distress scores. Pearson correlation analyses and hierarchical regression analyses were performed.ResultsNegative life events were positively associated with psychological distress. Emotional intelligence was negatively associated with psychological distress and negative life events. Emotional intelligence mediated the relationship between negative life events and psychological distress.ConclusionsThe findings support the theory of Salovey and his colleagues, and provide evidence for emotional intelligence as a factor that buffers effects of negative life events on psychological distress.     

组合模型对乙肝发病趋势的预测研究

目的建立乙肝发病率(1/10万)的ARIMA-GM组合模型,并将其应用于乙肝发病率的预测,为及早发现疾病发展趋势和及时采取控制对策提供科学依据。方法收集河北省迁安市2004年1月-2012年12月的乙肝月发病率资料,应用SPSS 13.0软件进行ARIMA建模拟合;采用GM(1,1)模型对上述获得的带阈值的残差序列进行修正并构造出组合预测模型,利用此模型对该市2013年乙肝逐月发病率进行预测。结果 ARIMA(0,1,1)(0,1,1)12模型较好地拟合了乙肝的发病情况,模型的所有参数都通过统计学检验;采用阈值为3的GM(1,1)模型对残差序列进行修正,预测模型通过了精度检验(C=0.673,P=0.877),模型拟合精度为基本合格,ARIMA-GM组合模型的MAE、MAPE值均比单个模型小。利用组合模型对2013年乙肝发病率进行预测的结果显示,总体趋势与之前一致。结论 ARIMA-GM组合模型能较好地拟合乙肝发病情况,预测精度高于ARIMA季节乘积模型,且其预测结果能够为乙肝早期预测预警模型的建立提供借鉴,从而有针对性地采取相应的控制措施。