miR-92a/DUSP10/JNK signalling axis promotes human pancreatic cancer cells proliferation

Pancreatic cancer is one of the most common types of cancers in the whole world with a poor prognosis. Finding out how the cancer form and develop is the most important way to cure this cancer. miRNAs, 21–22 nucleotides regulatory small non-coding RNAs, have been found to be critical involved in the growth of pancreatic cancer. In this study, we found that miR-92a was up regulated in three kinds of human pancreatic cancer cell lines. There is a correlation between miR-92a and malignant degree of human pancreatic cancer cell lines. Then we found that miR-92a was essential for promoting cell proliferation in human pancreatic cancer. Inhibition of the function of miR-92a repressed the proliferation of pancreatic cancer cells. Further, we found that miR-92a enhanced the activation of JNK signalling pathway by directly targeting the JNK signalling inhibitor DUSP10. DUSP10 is responsible for miR-92a induced JNK signalling and cell proliferation. Altogether, our study showed a miR-92a/DUSP10/JNK signalling pathway that plays an important role in regulating the proliferation of pancreatic cancer cells.     

Comparative efficacy of seven Chinese patent medicines for early diabetic kidney disease: A Bayesian network meta-analysis

BackgroundBailing Capsule (BLC), Jinshuibao (JSB), Huangkui Capsule (HKC), Uremic Clearance Granule (UCG), Tripterygium glycosides (TG), Compound Xueshuantong Capsule (CXC), and Shenyan Kangfu Tablet (SYKFT) as classic Chinese patent medicines (CPMs), have been widely used and shown beneficial effects on the treatment of early diabetic kidney disease (DKD). However, the comparative efficacy of seven CPMs in the treatment of early DKD remains unknown.ObjectiveTo evaluate and compare the efficacy of seven CPMs (BLC, JSB, HKC, UCG, TG, CXC, SYKFT) combined with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI) or angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) on early DKD by a Bayesian network meta-analysis (NMA) of randomized controlled trials (RCTs).MethodsA comprehensive and systematic literature search was performed in PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Clinical Trials.gov, China Biology Medicine, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, Chinese Scientific Journal, and Wanfang databases from inception to March 14, 2021, for full-text RCTs that evaluated the efficacy of seven CPMs combined with ACEI/ARB on patients with early DKD. Two reviewers independently screened studies for eligibility, extracted data, and assessed the risk of bias. Agreement between reviewers was measured using kappa statistics. Mean difference (MD) and odds ratio (OR) were calculated to evaluate continuous variables and dichotomous, respectively. The random effect modeling NMA was performed and the ranking probability of interventions in various outcomes was also conducted based on the surface under the cumulative ranking curve (SUCRA). Begg’s and Egger’s tests were used to evaluate publication bias. The certainty of the evidence for outcomes was evaluated according to the GRADE system.ResultsA total of 62 RCTs with 5362 patients with early DKD were identified. The value of Kappa calculated for the various parameters extracted by the two investigators was 0.821 (P < 0.001). Among these CPMs, UCG + ACEI/ARB showed the best effectiveness for urinary albumin excretion rate (UAER) (MD 32.25, 95% CrI 19.11–45.67, low certainty) with SUCRA 92%. JSB + ACEI/ARB showed the highest effectiveness for 24-h urinary total protein (24-h UTP) (MD 76.92, 95% CrI 53.54–100.58, low certainty) with SUCRA 97%. CXC + ACEI/ARB showed the highest effectiveness for serum creatinine (SCr) (MD 26.02, 95% CrI 6.10–45.95, low certainty) with SUCRA 96%. HKC + ACEI/ARB showed the highest effectiveness for blood urea nitrogen (BUN) (MD 1.46, 95% CrI 0.42–2.54, very low certainty) with SUCRA 86%. BLC + ACEI/ARB showed significant differences in triglyceride (TRIG) (MD − 1.17, 95% CrI − 1.93 to − 0.43, low certainty) with SUCRA 90%, total cholesterol (TC) (MD − 1.17, 95% CrI − 1.97 to − 0.39, very low certainty) with SUCRA 90%, and C-reaction protein (CRP) (MD − 0.90, 95% CrI − 1.51 to − 0.32, very low certainty) with SUCRA 76%.ConclusionsCPMs + ACEI/ARB might be positive efficacious interventions from which patients with DKD will derive benefit. UCG + ACEI/ARB, JSB + ACEI/ARB, CXC + ACEI/ARB, and HKC + ACEI/ARB might be potentially the preferred intervention for reducing UAER, 24-h UTP, SCr, and BUN levels, respectively. BLC + ACEI/ARB has a better impact on lowing TRIG, TC, and CRP levels in patients with early DKD. However, more high-quality, large-scale, multi-center RCTs and stronger head-to-head trials are required to confirm these findings.     

Caveolin-1与血管新生相关性的研究进展

缺血性中风是严重危害人类健康的疾病之一,对其防治与机制研究一直是当今医学界研究的热点之一。目前,无论是超早期溶栓治疗,还是营养脑细胞等对症治疗,都是着眼于挽救濒死的神经元,减少神经元死亡,保护神经功能。血管新生是缺血区组织抗损伤和神经元修复的结构基础,缺血性脑血管病治疗后血管新生可以促进中枢神经的再生。脑缺血后许多分子相互和谐的作用有助于脑缺血后的血管新生。研究证实,细胞膜微囊蛋白-1（Caveolin-1）在血管新生中扮演了关键的角色。该文对Caveolin-1与血管新生相关性的研究进展进行简要的综述。     

氮酮、丙二醇对湿疹喷雾剂中黄芩苷透皮吸收的影响

目的 提高湿疹喷雾剂对对皮肤的渗透能力,增强疗效.方法 采用1定制的改良Franz扩散池,大鼠腹皮作透皮试验,一阶导数光谱法测定湿疹喷雾剂中黄芩苷透皮吸收量,对氮酮、丙二醇及二者按不同比例的促渗效果进行考察.结果 氮酮、丙二醇最佳浓度的合用与单用比较,2％氮酮的累积渗透百分率达9％所需时间(T9％)值最快,经皮渗透5h内累积渗透百分率Q5最大.结论 湿疹啧雾剂中,加入2％氮酮能达到最好的促渗效果.     

阿托伐他汀对动脉粥样硬化兔氧化应激/炎症反应的影响

目的通过研究氧化应激和炎症反应探讨阿托伐他汀治疗动脉粥样硬化的非调脂作用机制。方法以高脂饲料和免疫刺激方法制备动脉粥样硬化家兔模型,给予0.435 mg/(kg.d)阿托伐他汀混悬液治疗1个月,观察家兔血清超氧化物歧化酶活性、丙二醛和氧化型低密度脂蛋白含量以及血凝素样氧化型低密度脂蛋白受体1、主动脉血管细胞黏附分子1、细胞间黏附分子1、单核细胞趋化蛋白1基因和蛋白表达的变化。结果与正常对照组比较,动脉粥样硬化模型组家兔血清超氧化物歧化酶活性显著下降(P<0.01),血清丙二醛、氧化型低密度脂蛋白含量明显升高(P<0.01);主动脉血凝素样氧化型低密度脂蛋白受体1、血管细胞黏附分子1、细胞间黏附分子1、单核细胞趋化蛋白1的mRNA和蛋白表达明显升高(P<0.05或P<0.01)。与模型组比较,阿托伐他汀组家兔血清超氧化物歧化酶活性显著升高(P<0.01),血清丙二醛、氧化型低密度脂蛋白含量均显著下降(P<0.01),主动脉血凝素样氧化型低密度脂蛋白受体1、血管细胞黏附分子1、细胞间黏附分子1、单核细胞趋化蛋白1的mRNA和蛋白表达明显下调(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论阿托伐他汀具有抗氧化应激和炎症反应的作...     

菊花总黄酮对去势导致干眼症雄兔泪腺细胞Fas、FasL表达的影响

目的：观察菊花总黄酮对去势所致干眼症白兔泪腺凋亡相关基因蛋白Fas、FasL表达的影响,探讨菊花总黄酮治疗干眼症的作用机制。
　　方法：将150只雄性日本大耳白兔随机分为正常组( A组)、假手术组(B组)、模型组(C组)、雄激素对照治疗组(D组)和菊花总黄酮治疗组(E组)。 C组、D组、E组行双侧去势术建立白兔干眼症模型。 E组白兔用菊花总黄酮灌胃治疗,D组用雄激素肌肉注射,A组、B组、C组用生理盐水灌胃。分别于治疗后1,3,5mo每组处死10只,取材用与相关指标检测。全部白兔行 SchirmerⅠ试验,并检测泪膜破裂时间,处死后取泪腺组织,采用免疫组织化学法检测泪腺组织中凋亡相关基因蛋白Fas、FasL的表达,并计数凋亡细胞数量。
　　结果：E组SchirmerⅠ试验测量所得滤纸湿长明显高于C组(P<0.01),泪膜破裂时间明显长于C组(P<0.01)。 E组治疗1,3,5 mo后,泪腺导管及腺泡上皮细胞中Fas阳性表达的细胞数均明显低于C组,FasL阳性表达的细胞数均明显高于C组,细胞凋亡数量均明显低于C组(P<0.01)。结论：菊花总黄酮中主要成分为黄酮类物质,可显著抑制雄激素水平降低后白兔干眼症的发生,抑制泪腺细胞凋亡,维持泪腺基础分泌量和泪膜的稳定性。     

Emerging issue of fluconazole-resistant candidemia in a tertiary care hospital of southern italy: time for antifungal stewardship program

An increased number of patients is at risk of Candida spp. bloodstream infection (CBSI) in modern medicine. Moreover, the rising of antifungal resistance (AR) was recently reported. All consecutive CBSI occurred in our Hospital (consisting of 1,370 beds) between 2015 and 2018, were reviewed. For each case, Candida species, AR pattern, ward involved and demographic data of patients were recorded. Overall, 304 episodes of CBSI occurred, with a median (q1:first-,q3:third quartile) of 77 (71-82) CBSI/year. Over the years, a significant increase of CBSI due to C. albicans compared to non-albicans strains was recorded in medical wards (from 65% to 71%, p=0.030), while this ratio remained stable in others. An increase of resistant strains to multiple antifungals such as C. guillermondii was noticed in recent years (from 0% to 9.8%, p=0.008). Additionally, from 2015 to 2018 an increase in fluconazole-resistance was recorded in our Hospital (from 7.4% to 17.4%, p=0.025) and a slight increase in voriconazole-resistance (from 0% to 7% in 2018, p=0.161) was observed, while resistance to echinocandin and amphotericin B remained firmly below 2%.This study suggests a rapid spread of antifungal resistance in our Hospital; therefore, an appropriate antifungal stewardship programs is urgently warranted.     

Improved Prognostication for the Updated AJCC Breast Cancer Pathological Prognostic Staging Varied in Higher-Stage Groups

BackgroundIn addition to TNM-based anatomical staging (AS), a novel pathological prognostic staging (PPS) has been proposed by the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC). PPS demonstrated better prognostication, but its superiority in breast cancer subtypes and related to staging discrepancies between AS and PPS are not clear.MethodsA cohort of 1729 patients with breast cancer was staged into AS and PPS according to the latest AJCC staging. Patient characteristic and restaging outcomes were compared.ResultsCompared with AS, 799 and 135 cases were upstaged and downstaged respectively in PPS, mostly involved stage I cases. For the overall cohort, PPS demonstrated superior prognostic power over AS in both disease-free survival (DFS) and breast cancer–specific survival. However, such superiority was found mainly in estrogen receptor (ER)/progesterone receptor (PR)+ but not ER−PR− cancers. Comparing the restaged cases within the same PPS, PPS 1A cases showed similar survival irrespective of the original AS. Interestingly, in other PPS groups (PPS 1B and higher), there was a difference in outcome among patients with same PPS but different AS. Within PPS 1B patients, downstaged cases from higher AS showed worse DFS (3A>1B vs. 2A>1B: χ² = 4.732, P = .030).ConclusionsPPS may provide a more accurate prognostication, mostly among ER/PR+ cancers and with PPS 1A patients. Patients restaged to higher PPS stages showed significant differential survival even within the same PPS. Also, only limited improvement was observed for ER–PR– cancers. Caution needs to be exercised in using PPS for patient prognostication, as in some cases the outcome can be variable with the same PPS.     

尤昭玲教授辨证治疗子宫切口假腔三步法

尤昭玲教授认为瘀热、邪毒、气虚是子宫切口假腔形成之根本，临床运用中医辨证治疗主要分三步：非经期以“清宫”为主，经前期以“逼宫”为主，经后期以“缩宫”为主。分别使用自拟内炎方加减，妇科外敷包和假腔方加减。该“三步法”在临床应用中疗效显著。