PP2A-C may be a promising candidate for postmortem interval estimation

International Journal of Legal Medicine - Determining the postmortem interval (PMI) is an important task in forensic pathology. However, a reliable means of determining the PMI between...     

Comparison of crown fit and operator preferences between tooth preparation with electric and air-turbine handpieces

Statement of problemTooth preparations for ceramic crowns require precision and accuracy, which may be influenced by the choice of dental handpiece. However, comparisons of the accuracy of tooth preparations made with traditional air-turbine handpieces and electric handpieces are lacking.PurposeThe purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate operator preferences and tooth preparation performance by using electric and air-turbine handpieces with self-reported preferences, sound levels, surface roughness, and the fit of the crown produced.Material and methodsTwenty dentists were asked to use the air-turbine or the electric handpiece. Feedback on the noise, weight, feel of grip, flexibility, and tooth preparation in general was scored according to a visual analog scale (VAS). Additionally, the dentists were asked to complete a questionnaire on their handpiece preference. The noise of the 2 handpieces was measured by using a precision sound level meter. The surface roughness of 10 teeth was measured by using a profilometer. The other 18 teeth were prepared to measure the marginal and internal fit of ceramic crowns by the replica technique. The VAS scores of operator preferences were analyzed with the Wilcoxon signed ranks test. Decibel levels were analyzed with the Mann-Whitney U test. The McNemar test was used to compare the ratio of preferred handpiece. The surface roughness and marginal and internal fit were analyzed with the independent t test to determine significant differences (all α=.05).ResultsThe electric handpiece was heavier, had a poorer grip feel, was less flexible (P<.001), produced lower noise and better feeling of the tooth preparation in general (P<.001), and was preferred in the finishing stage for its greater smoothness (P<.05). The noise produced by the electric handpiece was lower during both idling and tooth preparation at 15-cm, 30-cm, and 45-cm distances (P<.01). The electric handpiece produced surface roughness values (Sa) similar to those of the air-turbine handpiece (P>.05). No significant differences were noted for the marginal and internal crown fit between the air-turbine handpiece and electric handpiece groups (P>.05).ConclusionsDespite its heavier weight, poorer grip feel, and less flexibility, the electric handpiece emitted lower noise, produced better feeling of the tooth preparation in general, and was preferred in the finishing step of tooth preparation for its greater smoothness than the air-turbine handpiece. The surface roughness of the prepared teeth and the crown fit between the tooth and ceramic crown were not affected by the air-turbine or electric handpiece.     

Association between maximum mouth opening and area of bony fusion in simulated temporomandibular joint bony ankylosis

The aim of this study was to investigate the quantitative association between active/passive maximum mouth opening (AMMO/PMMO) and the severity of simulated temporomandibular joint (TMJ) bony ankylosis. Twenty-eight male sheep were divided randomly and equally into surgical and control groups. Surgical group animals underwent bilateral TMJ osteotomy during which left lateral pterygoid muscle function was blocked. Control animals did not undergo surgery. Body weight, AMMO/PMMO, and TMJ morphological features were evaluated preoperatively and at 12 and 24 weeks post-surgery. In the surgical group, only the right TMJ complexes with maintained lateral pterygoid muscle function developed TMJ bony ankylosis. The AMMO/PMMO and end-feel distance in the surgical group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P < 0.001, both) at 12 and 24 weeks post-surgery. Moreover, AMMO (r = −0.940 and −0.952, P < 0.001, both) and PMMO (r = −0.944 and −0.953, P < 0.001, both) were negatively correlated with the area (mm²) of bony fusion post-surgery. These findings may be useful for the clinical treatment of early mandibular condyle fracture, with the use of occlusal pads/open-mouth plates to relax the lateral pterygoid muscle and block its function. When bony ankylosis developed in the TMJ, the greater the area of bony fusion, the more limited were AMMO/PMMO.     

西安地区537名妊娠期妇女口腔健康状况调查

目的 了解西安地区妊娠期妇女口腔健康状况及其影响因素,为西安地区妊娠期妇女口腔卫生保健工作提供指导.方法 用分层和整群抽样结合的方法进行抽样,按照世界卫生组织口腔健康调查方法及全国第3次口腔健康流行病学调查方法,对西安城市和乡镇共537名妊娠期女性进行口腔健康检查.结果 537名妊娠期女性患龋率为40.4％,龋均为1.52 ±2.11,牙龈出血和牙结石检出率分别为87.2％、89.6％.结论 西安地区妊娠期妇女口腔健康状况较差,建议加强妊娠期妇女的口腔保健工作.     

品管圈活动在缩短急危重症患者外出检查时间中的应用

目的:探讨品管圈活动在缩短急危重症患者外出检查时间中的应用。方法:选择2013年3月开展品管圈活动前需外出检查患者515例为对照组,选择2013年4~5月需外出检查的患者950例为研究组,实施品管圈活动。对两组急危重症患者外出检查时间进行对比,并调查患者的满意率。结果:研究组急危重症患者外出检查时间短于对照组(P0.05),患者满意率高于对照组(P0.05)。结论:品管圈活动缩短了急危重症患者外出检查时间,保证了患者安全,提高了患者满意度。     

持续股骨髁上骨牵引结合经皮空心钉内固定治疗不稳定股骨头骺滑脱临床疗效分析

目的评价持续股骨髁上骨牵引结合经皮空心钉内固定治疗不稳定股骨头骺滑脱的临床疗效。方法回顾性分析自2007-03—2011-02诊治的18例不稳定股骨头骺滑脱,采用Russell牵引结合闭合复位经皮空心钉内固定治疗。其中急性发作16例,慢性急性发作2例;中度移位11例,重度移位7例。摄髋关节X线片评估骺板闭合时间,观察是否存在股骨头坏死、软骨溶解及髋内翻等并发症,末次随访时髋关节功能根据Harris评分标准进行评估。结果本组平均随访2.6(1.5~3.0)年,18例骺板闭合后均取出内固定材料。所有患儿均未行对侧预防性原位固定,3例术后对侧发作,行手术治疗。末次随访时髋关节X线片显示2例术后股骨头坏死,均为重度滑脱患儿,均未发生软骨溶解;其余16例髋关节功能大致正常,日常生活无明显影响;髋关节功能根据Harris评分标准评定:优5例,良10例,可1例,差2例,优良率83.3%。结论不稳定股骨头骺滑脱行早期Russell牵引结合闭合复位经皮空心钉内固定可减少股骨头坏死等相关并发症的发生,疗效肯定,且手术操作简单易行。