自体富血小板凝胶结合封闭负压引流对深Ⅱ度烧伤患者创面愈合进程及EGF、bFGF水平的影响

目的 探讨自体富血小板凝胶（APG）结合封闭负压引流（VSD）对深Ⅱ度烧伤患者创面愈合进程及表皮生长因子（EGF）、碱性成纤维细胞生长因子（bFGF）水平的影响。方法 选取2018年7月—2021年7月在南通大学附属南通第三医院就诊的82例深Ⅱ度烧伤患者作为研究对象，按随机数字表法分为观察组（APG结合VSD治疗）和对照组（VSD治疗），各41例。比较两组患者的疗效、创面愈合时间、肉芽生长面积、创面愈合率、住院时间、并发症，比较两组患者治疗前后的EGF、bFGF、C反应蛋白（CRP）、白细胞介素6(IL-6)、白细胞计数（WBC）、疼痛视觉模拟评分（VAS）的差值及治疗后1个月、2个月的温哥华瘢痕量表（VSS）评分的差值。结果 观察组总有效率高于对照组（P <0.05）。观察组创面愈合时间、住院时间少于对照组，肉芽生长面积大于对照组，创面愈合率高于对照组（P <0.05）。观察组治疗前后EGF、bFGF、CRP、IL-6、WBC的差值高于对照组（P <0.05）。观察组治疗前与治疗后14 d VAS评分及治疗后1个月与2个月VSS评分的差值高于对照组（P <0....     

Comparing the Warshaw technique with vessel-preservation in laparoscopic spleen preserving distal pancreatectomy: is there a better approach?

BackgroundLaparoscopic spleen-preserving distal pancreatectomy (LSPDP) can be accomplished with either resection of the splenic vessels via the Warshaw Technique (WT) or via preservation of the splenic vessels (SVP). Our study aims to compare outcomes for the two methods of LSPDP.MethodsWe performed a retrospective chart review with intent-to-treat analysis of adults undergoing LSPDP at a single institution from 2009 to 2021. We compared demographic characteristics, operative parameters, oncologic pathology review, and postoperative outcomes.ResultsThere were 102 consecutive cases of LSPDP (59 WT, 43 SVP) over 12 years. The rate of successful spleen preservation was not significantly different between the two groups (76.3%WT, 65.1%VSP,p = 0.27). Rates of conversion to laparotomy, postoperative complications including pancreatic fistulas and splenic infarcts and amount of intraoperative blood loss were similar between the groups. Median operative time was significantly shorter with the WT (141 vs. 177 min, p < 0.05). The median length of stay in hospital was not significantly different among the groups.ConclusionBoth techniques are safe and effective in preserving the spleen in laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy. Our experience suggests that the Warshaw Technique may be more efficient with respect to the use of limited operative resources.     

额筛气房与额窦引流通道影像解剖学特征

目的通过观察明确额窦引流通道（frontal sinus drainage pathway, FSDP）与额筛气房位置关系的影像学特征，为额窦分型和额窦手术分级提供依据。方法回顾分析100例耳鼻咽喉科门诊就诊患者鼻窦CT，在图像工作站进行冠状位、矢状位和轴位按1mm层厚重建，根据国际额窦解剖分类（the international frontal sinus anatomy classification, IFAC）方法，观察与FSDP相关的额筛气房的影像学关系和各类额筛气房的出现率。结果根据FSDP与额筛气房的影像学位置关系，将与FSDP密切相关的额筛气房分3组：FSDP前侧气房（包括鼻丘气房、鼻丘上气房、鼻丘上额气房）、FSDP后侧气房（包括筛泡上气房、筛泡上额气房及眶上筛房）、FSDP内侧气房（额窦中隔气房）。FSDP前侧气房的出现率：鼻丘气房为96%,鼻丘上气房为30%，鼻丘上额气房为24%；FSDP后组气房出现率：筛泡上气房为46%，筛泡上额气房为13%，眶上筛房为8%；FSDP内侧气房出现率：额窦气房为30%。结论根据鼻窦CT三维重建图像，将额筛气房进行分组，对Wormald额窦手术分级有临床指导意义。     

Effects of cumulative duration of repeated anaesthesia exposure on foetal brain development in the ovine model

ObjectiveAnaesthesia is required in 0.4–1% of pregnant women, and prolonged and repeated exposures to anaesthesia may be required. It is unknown whether these exposures may result in foetal neurotoxicity in humans. As sheep have a gestation comparable to that of humans, the objective of this study was to analyse the neurodevelopmental outcome of ovine foetuses that had been exposed in utero to repeated and prolonged anaesthesia.DesignRandomized controlled preclinical study.SettingAnaesthesia for non-obstetric surgery during pregnancy.AnimalsTwenty-four healthy pregnant Swifter ewes.InterventionsThe ewes were randomized to no anaesthesia exposure (control-group), single exposure (at gestational age 68–70 days), or repeated exposure (at gestational age 68–70 days and 96–98 days) to 2.5 h of sevoflurane anaesthesia and maternal laparotomy. All lambs were delivered at approximately term gestation (gestational age: 140–143 days).MeasurementsThe primary outcome was neuron density in the frontal cortex 24 h after birth for the control-group versus the repeated-exposure-group. Key secondary outcome was the time needed to achieve the milestone of standing. Secondary outcomes included other neurobehavioural assessments (e.g., motoric milestones) and histological parameters quantified in multiple brain regions (neuron density, total cell density, proliferation, inflammation, synaptogenesis, astrocytes and myelination).Main resultsNeuron density in the frontal cortex did not differ between groups (mean ± standard deviation: control-group: 403 ± 39, single-exposure group: 436 ± 23 and repeated-exposure-group: 403 ± 40 neurons/mm², control-group versus repeated-exposure-group: p = 0.986, control-group versus single-exposure-group: p = 0.097). No significant difference was observed for the time needed to achieve the milestone of standing. Only very limited differences were observed for other histological outcome parameters and neurobehavioural assessments.ConclusionsThere is no evidence for foetal neuronal injury or neurobehavioural impairments after a cumulative duration of 5 h repetitive prenatal anaesthesia in sheep.     

Macrovascular and microvascular type 2 diabetes complications are interrelated in a mouse model

AimEvaluate the development of multiple complications, their interactions, and common mechanisms in the same individual with T2D.Material and methods4-week-old male C57BL/6J mice were divided into: control (n = 6) and T2D (n = 6). T2D was induced through a high-carbohydrate-diet and low doses of streptozotocin. T2D was validated by metabolic parameters. Diabetic neuropathy was evaluated by mechanical and thermal sensitivity tests. We performed a histopathological analysis of the heart, kidney, liver, and parotid salivary glands and changes in bone microarchitecture by μCT. We calculated the relative risk (RR), odd ratios (OR) and Pearson correlation coefficients between the different complications and metabolic features.ResultsT2D mice have cardiomyopathy, neuropathy, nephropathy, liver steatosis and fibrosis, structural damage in parotid salivary glands, and bone porosity. RR analysis shows that all complications are interrelated by hyperglycaemia, insulin resistance, obesity, and systemic inflammation.ConclusionsT2D mice develop multiple complications simultaneously, which are related to each other, and this is associated with metabolic alterations. Our findings open up new approaches for the study and new therapeutic approaches of the pathophysiology of T2D and its complications.     

Development of a predictive model for identifying previously undetected vertical root fractures

This study aimed to develop a predictive model to screen for undetected vertical root fractures (VRFs) in root canal treated teeth. We included 95 root canal treated teeth with suspected VRFs; 77 for training and 18 for validation. Following clinical and cone-beam CT parameters were recorded: sex, tooth type, coronal restoration, time interval from completion of endodontic treatment to definitive diagnosis (TI), type of bone loss (BL), apical extent of root filling (AR) and the ratio of root filling diameter to the actual diameter in the coronal (1/3TA) and middle (2/3TA) root thirds. A predictive model p = 1/(1 – e^−x) was generated, where x = −7.433 + 1.977BL + 1.479 (2/3TA) + 1.102 AR; the sensitivity and specificity were 0.852 and 0.875 for training and 0.917 and 0.833 for validation. VRF teeth were more likely to have vertical bone loss and overfilled root canals. This model had a high diagnostic efficacy for VRFs.