Influence of water evaporation/absorption on the stability of glycerol–water marbles

The porous shell structure of liquid marbles allows liquid vapor to enter in/out of the liquid marbles, leading to the deformation/collapse of liquid marbles, which limits their application as miniature reactors for long-term chemical reactions. In this study, to prevent volatilization and maintain long-term stability, stable liquid marbles were fabricated by encapsulating glycerol/water droplets using superhydrophobic cellulose nanocrystals. The influence of water evaporation and absorption on the stability of aqueous glycerol marbles at different relative humidities (RHs) was investigated. At the same RH, the evaporation/absorption rates of the liquid marbles decreased on increasing the glycerol concentration. For the liquid marbles with the same glycerol volume concentration, the evaporation rates decreased with the increase in RH. The liquid marbles exhibited higher evaporation/absorption resistance compared with pure naked liquid droplets.

The influence of water evaporation and absorption on the stability of aqueous glycerol marbles was investigated.     

A germanium and zinc chalcogenide as an anode for a high-capacity and long cycle life lithium battery

High-performance lithium ion batteries are ideal energy storage devices for both grid-scale and large-scale applications. Germanium, possessing a high theoretical capacity, is a promising anode material for lithium ion batteries, but still faces poor cyclability due to huge volume changes during the lithium alloying/dealloying process. Herein, we synthesized an amorphous germanium and zinc chalcogenide (GZC) with a hierarchically porous structure via a solvothermal reaction. As an anode material in a lithium ion battery, the GZC electrode exhibits a high reversible capacity of 747 mA h g⁻¹ after 350 cycles at a current density of 100 mA g⁻¹ and a stable capacity of 370 mA h g⁻¹ after 500 cycles at a current density of 1000 mA g⁻¹ along with 92% capacity retention. All of these outstanding electrochemical properties are attributed to the hierarchically porous structure of the electrode that has a large surface area, fast ion conductivity and superior structural stability, which buffers the volumetric variation during charge/discharge processes and also makes it easier for the electrolyte to soak in, affording more electrochemically active sites.

High-performance lithium ion batteries are ideal energy storage devices for both grid-scale and large-scale applications.     

NF-κB结合元件缺失对NOX1启动子转录活性的影响

目的:构建含NADPH氧化酶1(NOX1)近端启动子区的pGL3萤光素酶报告基因载体及缺失NF-κB结合元件的相应载体,分别测定其相应活性,探讨NF-κB结合元件缺失对NOX1启动子区转录活性的影响。方法:采用PCR法克隆NOX1启动子区序列(1 415 bp),将目的片段与pGL3萤光素酶载体分别双酶切、纯化后进行连接(pGL3-NOX1-1415),测序鉴定;应用Alibaba 2.1软件分析NOX1近端启动子区,获取NF-κB结合元件;重叠PCR法将含该元件的启动子区域(88 bp)缺失,并构建相应载体(pGL3-NOX1-1327)。将两载体分别与pRL-TK内参质粒瞬时转染进入A549细胞,采用TNF-α(10μg/L)刺激细胞24 h,萤光酶标仪检测A549细胞的萤光素酶活性。结果:测序鉴定结果提示pGL3-NOX1-1415及NF-κB结合元件缺失的pGL3-NOX1-1327载体构建成功;细胞实验显示,TNF-α刺激后,转染pGL3-NOX1-1415的A549细胞萤光素酶活性明显强于对照组(P0.05),而转染NF-κB结合元件缺失的pGL3-NOX1-1327的细胞萤光素酶活性明显低于转染pGL3-NOX1-1415组(P0.05)。结论:TNF-α诱导A549细胞NOX1基因活化与NF-κB密切相关,NF-κB参与了TNF-α诱导的NOX1基因启动子的转录调控。     

A noble bimetal oxysulfide CuVOS catalyst for highly efficient catalytic reduction of 4-nitrophenol and organic dyes

A novel copper–vanadium bimetallic oxysulfide (CuVOS) nanoparticle catalyst was successfully synthesized by a facile method. The samples were characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectrometry (XPS), X-ray diffractometry (XRD), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), UV-Vis diffuse spectroscopy (DRS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and N₂ adsorption–desorption isotherms. In order to check the catalytic efficiencies toward reduction reaction, 4-nitrophenol (4-NP) and other organic dyes such as rhodamine-B (RhB), methylene blue (MB), and methyl orange (MO) were used. The results showed that the CuVOS prepared in the presence of a suitable amount of N₂H₄ during the synthesis of the nanoparticles exhibited the fastest reduction capabilities by using NaBH₄ as a reducing agent. It was demonstrated that a 100 mL 4-NP (20 ppm) solution was completely reduced by 5 mg CuVOS-3 within 2 min. Moreover, the complete reduction of 100 mL of MO, RhB, and MB solutions of 100 ppm was also achieved by 5 mg CuVOS-3 within 2 min, 6 min, and 5 min, respectively. Hence, the CuVOS is an efficient catalyst for reducing 4-NP and organic dyes and can have great potential for industrial application.

A novel CuVOS catalyst was successfully synthesized by a facile method. The CuVOS with optimum amount of N₂H₄ had higher catalytic activity.     

Effect of PVC film pretreatment on performance and lamination of wood-plastic composite plywood

In order to solve the practical problem of heat transfer during the hot pressing process of a novel wood-plastic composite plywood, this paper investigates the perforation treatment of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) plastic films and their plywood composites. The PVC films were pretreated by the physical punching method, and the effects of PVC perforation diameter, hot pressing time and hot pressing temperature on the mechanical properties of the plywood composites were investigated by orthogonal experimental design. The results showed that the optimum hot pressing time was 7 min, the hot pressing temperature was 170 °C, and the PVC perforation diameter was 15 mm for the optimum mechanical properties. The punching pretreatment of PVC films gave rise to a reduction of the hot pressing time by 51 s due to improved heat transfer and heat loss by 5.06%, and allowed an increase in the initial moisture content of the veneer by 2–3%, thereby cutting down the drying cost in the veneer production process, which is conducive to energy conservation and environmental protection.

This paper investigates the perforation treatment of polyvinylchloride (PVC) plastic films and their plywood composites.     

Simultaneously enhanced mechanical properties and flame retardancy of UHMWPE with polydopamine-coated expandable graphite

The potential prospect of expandable graphite (EG) in the development of polymer composites is severely limited by required large additions and poor interface compatibility with the polymer. Inspired by mussels, polydopamine (PDA) can be used as an effective interface modifier for EG to prepare ultra high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) composites with superior mechanical properties and high flame retardancy. The surface of expandable graphite (EG) was coated with a thin adhesive PDA film through self-polymerization of dopamine. The modified expandable graphite (EG@PDA) was combined with APP to prepare UHMWPE flame retardant composites. Compared with UHMWPE/APP/EG (with 20 wt% APP/EG), UHMWPE/APP/EG@PDA (with 20 wt% APP/EG@PDA) gives a decrement by 16.7% in limiting oxygen index, 29.7% in the peak of the heat release rate, 20.4% in total heat release and 49.3% in total smoke release, with an increment by 37% in tensile strength and 67.9% in elongation at break, respectively. It is suggested that the presence of PDA as an interface modifier can greatly improve the interfacial compatibility between EG and UHMWPE. Moreover, it can lead to forming more char residue and reducing the release of smoke particulates during combustion of the composites.

The potential prospect of expandable graphite (EG) in the development of polymer composites is severely limited by required large additions and poor interface compatibility with the polymer.     

胚胎碎片对妊娠临床结局及去除后对胚胎发育的影晌

目的观察胚胎碎片对胚胎移植后的临床结局的影响,以及去除碎片对含碎片的胚胎发育影响。方法回顾性分析2012年新鲜IVF周期移植至少一个≥10％碎片的胚胎与移植完全无碎片胚胎临床结局,及2012年3月～5月IVF周期患者O／1PN优质胚胎,观察胚胎碎片去除组、胚胎碎片组及无碎片组的胚胎发育情况。结果含胚胎碎片组的临床妊娠率及种植率显著低于无碎片组,差异有显著性意义;去除碎片组与未去除碎片组的囊胚形成率与无碎片组,差异无显著性意义。结论胚胎碎片影响胚胎的种植;去除胚胎碎片不能显著改善胚胎的发育潜能。     

介入术前应用阿托伐他汀改善对比剂对肾功能的影响

目的:观察不同时间使用阿托伐他汀在对比剂对肾功能的影响中的作用。方法:回顾性分析我院2011年1月至2012年11月,连续行冠状动脉造影和/或介入治疗的300例患者,其中符合术前阿托伐他汀治疗≥4w者34例(治疗组),术后12~24h应用阿托伐他汀治疗者30例(对照组),观察术前、术后Scr、UA、尿微量白蛋白(mALB)、尿-N-乙酰-β-D-葡萄糖酸苷酶(NAG)、尿α1-微球蛋白(α1-MG)、尿转铁蛋白(TRF)和尿视黄醇结合蛋白值的变化,并使用肾病饮食调整(MDRD)公式估算肾小球滤过率(eGFR)。结果:eGFR术后第2天治疗组显著高于对照组(P0.05);尿α1-MG对照组术后较术前有明显升高(P0.05),治疗组有升高趋势,但差异无统计学意义(P0.05),术后第1~2天时,治疗组显著低于对照组(P0.05);NAG于术后第2天两组均较术前有升高(P0.05),但治疗组显著低于对照组(P0.05)。结论:血管造影前长期服用阿托伐他汀可能具有减轻对比剂肾功能损害的作用。     

Q法自牵引技术在大范围早期食管癌内镜 黏膜下剥离术中的应用研究（含视频）

目的初步报告Q法自牵引辅助内镜黏膜下剥离术(Q-ESD)应用于大范围早期食管癌(EEC)的临床效果。方法回顾性分析2015年1月至2018年12月间在福建省立医院接受ESD治疗的82例大范围EEC(单发病灶>1/2周径或纵径长度>5 cm)患者病例资料,按治疗方案不同分为传统ESD组(n=44)和Q-ESD组(n=38),比较两组操作面积、操作时间、操作速度、整块切除率、完整切除率、并发症情况。结果82例病灶均于内镜下成功整块切除。Q-ESD组和传统ESD组在操作面积[779.8(329.9~2552.5)mm^2比875.7(417.8~1914.8)mm^2,U=155,P=0.636]、操作时间[63(41~177)min比59(42~169)min,U=171,P=0.167]、完整切除率[94.7%(36/38)比93.2%(41/44),χ^2=0.086,P=0.769]方面比较差异无统计学意义。但Q-ESD组操作速度快[14.9(5.4~20.8)mm^2/min比9.0(5.0~19.5)mm^2/min,U=142,P=0.035],固有肌层损伤发生率低[7.9%(3/38)比27.3%(12/44),χ^2=5.123,P=0.023],术后狭窄发生率低[5.3%(2/38)比20.5%(9/44),χ^2=4.051,P=0.044]。除传统ESD组有1例穿孔外,未发生其他不良事件。结论Q-ESD是治疗大范围EEC安全有效的可选策略。     

L-精氨酸与α1-肾上腺素能受体在肾功能调节中的作用

肾脏是机体重要的脏器之一,具有排泄和部分内分泌功能,对体内正常生理状态的维持至关重要。L-精氨酸是体内合成一氧化氮(NO)等分子的前体,可以通过血管活性因子NO参与细胞内和细胞间的信号传递,对维持肾脏正常生理功能十分重要。α₁-肾上腺素能受体(α₁-AR)介导交感神经对机体心脏、血管、神经系统等进行调节,血管平滑肌中分布的α₁-AR主要介导血管收缩。研究显示肾衰竭、糖尿病、高血压和左心室肥大等疾病状态的大鼠α₁-AR对激动剂的反应性降低,反应性的变化影响肾血管舒缩、肾血流动力学状态与肾血管张力等,从而参与肾功能的调节。本文通过阐述NO与α₁-AR的作用方式及其对肾功能调节的影响,进而分析L-精氨酸提高α₁-AR对激动剂反应性的途径,为临床提供参考资料。