计算机化神经行为测试评价系统（NES-C3）评价慢性低氧对人神经行为功能的影响

目的：运用NES-C3探讨慢性低氧对人神经行为功能的影响。方法：随即抽取海拔2800m、3500m、4200m处的养路工人44人、41人、36人,严格按照WHO/NCTB测试指南的要求用NES-C3对受试者进行神经行为功能测试。结果：抑郁-沮丧和疲惫-惰性2个情感得分是随着海拔上升而升高（P〈0.01）;记忆扫描平均耗时、记忆扫描能力指数和连续识别记忆能力指数有明显变化（P〈0.01）;曲线吻合准确数和曲线吻合能力指数随着海拔高度的增加有明显改变（P〈0.05）;三个海拔梯度的系列加减和感知无明显变化（P〉0.05）。结论：NES-C3能较好地评价慢性低氧对人神经行为功能的损害,同时证实慢性低氧可致人的短期记忆能力下降,眼手协调能力降低。     

硫化氢对肝硬化大鼠门静脉压力及血流动力学改变的影响

目的 探讨硫化氢对大鼠肝硬化形成过程中门静脉压力及血流动力学改变的影响.方法 选用雌雄各半健康SD大鼠60只,随机分为假手术组、胆管结扎法制备肝硬化组、硫氢化钠干预组.6周后,分别测出各组门静脉的直径、门静脉的血流速度、门静脉压力、下腔静脉压力,算出门静脉血流量、充血分数、肝内血管阻力.结果 6周后,肝硬化组、硫氢化钠干预组大鼠门静脉直径增宽,血流速度减慢,压力增高,血流量增加,充血分数及肝内血管阻力均增加,与假手术组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01).硫氢化钠干预组与肝硬化组比较,门静脉血流速度增快,门静脉压力、充血分数及肝内血管阻力均降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),门静脉直径及血流量差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).肝硬化组大鼠肝脏有不可逆性病理改变即假小叶形成,硫氢化钠干预组大鼠肝脏汇管区纤维组织增生,形成不完整的假小叶.结论 硫化氢可明显降低大鼠肝硬化形成过程中门静脉压力,改善肝内微循环,延缓肝硬化的形成.     

从中风的基本病机探讨脑脉泰的治疗作用

中风多为本虚标实之证,本虚为气虚,标实为在气虚基础上形成的痰浊血瘀,治疗方面重标本兼治才能获效.脑脉泰胶囊立足于气虚血瘀痰阻病机,以益气固本、活血化痰、通络熄风法治疗中风,收到较好疗效.     

硫化氢对严重烧伤大鼠重要脏器的影响

目的 观察硫化氢及其所生成的胱硫醚-γ-裂合酶(CSE)在大鼠严重烧伤后的变化规律,分析其对严重烧伤大鼠重要脏器的影响.方法 健康雄性SD大鼠104只,按照随机数字表法分为正常对照组8只、烧伤组48只、硫化氢干预组48只.硫化氢干预组大鼠于伤前5 d起腹腔注射硫氢化钠(56 μmol/kg,每日定时1次),注射5 d后与烧伤组大鼠均造成30%TBSAⅢ度烧伤.于伤后2、6、12、24、48、96 h(每时相点8只)检测烧伤组大鼠血清硫化氢含量,采集心、肝、肾、肺、胃组织标本检测CSE转化率;检测烧伤组和硫化氢干预组大鼠上述各时相点血清ALT、AST、心肌型肌酸激酶同工酶(CK-MB)、尿素氮、肌酐含量,观察上述脏器组织形态学变化.正常对照组检测指标同上.对数据行SNK-q检验、t检验、Pearson相关分析(血清硫化氢含量与CSE转化率、血生化指标).结果 烧伤组大鼠伤后各时相点血清硫化氢含量和各脏器组织CSE转化率普遍低于正常对照组,伤后6或12 h达到最低点.与正常对照组相比,烧伤组伤后2 h血清ALT、AST、CK-MB、尿素氮、肌酐含量明显升高,伤后6 h尿素氮[(32.5±9.8)mmol/L]和肌酐[(65±9)μmol/L]达峰值,伤后12 h ALT[(423±59)U/L]、AST[(993±60)U/L]及CK-MB[(49 261±6637)U/L]达峰值,伤后48 h上述指标仍高于正常对照组(t=3.157～8.386,P值均小于0.05).硫化氢干预组大鼠伤后各时相点血清ALT、AST、CK-MB、尿素氮、肌酐含量变化趋势与烧伤组大致相同,普遍低于烧伤组.组织形态学观察显示,伤后24 h烧伤组大鼠心、肝、肺、肾和胃组织损害严重,硫化氢干预组损伤较之明显减轻.烧伤组血清硫化氢含量与各脏器组织CSE转化率、各生化指标呈显著正相关(r值分别为0.639～0.894、0.301～0.585,P＜0.005或P＜0.001).结论 硫化氢/CSE体系可能参与了大鼠烧伤后的病理生理过程.补充外源性硫化氢对严重烧伤大鼠的重要脏器可产生保护作用.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the changes in hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and cystathionine gamma-lyase (CSE) in rats with severe burn, and to analyze the effects on important organs. Methods One hundred and four healthy male SD rats were divided into normal control group(NC, n = 8), burn group (B, n =48), and H2S intervention group (HI, n =48) according to the random number table. SD rats in HI group were intraperitoneally injected with NaHS (56 μmol/kg) once a day for 5 days. Then rats in HI and B groups were subjected to 30% TBSA full-thickness burn. Blood sample as well as heart, liver, lung,kidney, and stomach tissue samples were harvested from rats in B group at post burn hour(PBH) 2, 6, 12,24, 48, and 96 respectively for determination of serum content of H2S and CSE activity. Serum content of alanine transaminase (ALT) , aspartate aminotransferase(AST), MB isoenzyme of creatine kinase(CK-MB),urea nitrogen(BUN), and creatinine (Cr) in HI and B groups were examined at each time point. Samples were harvested from above organs in each group for histomorphological observation. Above-mentioned indexes were also determined in NC group as control. Data were processed with SNK-q test, t test,correlation analysis (between serum content of H2S and CSE activities, biochemical indexes). Results Serum content of H2S and CSE activities of above organs (except for lung tissue at PBH 48, 96) in B group within PBH 96 were lower than those in NC group, reaching minimum values at PBH 6 or 12. Compared with those in NC group, serum contents of all biochemical indexes in B group were obviously increased within PBH 48, in which serum contents of BUN [( 32.5 ± 9.8) mmoL/L] and Cr [( 65±9) μmol/L] reached peak at PBH 6, and serum contents of ALT [(423 ±59) U/L], AST [(993 ±60) U/L], and CK-MB [(49 261 ±6637) U/L] peaked at PBH 12. Serum contents of all biochemical indexes in HI group at each time point were significantly decreased as compared with those in B group, but the same change tendencies were showed in both groups. Histomorphological observation showed that all the organs were severely injured in B group at PBH 24, whereas those in HI group were markedly ameliorated. Serum content of H2S in B group was respectively correlated with CSE activities of all organs(with r value from 0. 639 to 0. 894, P values all below 0. 005) and serum contents of biochemical indexes(with r value from 0. 301 to 0. 585, P values all below 0.001). Conclusions H2S/CSE system may take part in pathophysiological process in rats with severe burn. Exogenous H2S replacement therapy can protect important organs of rats with severe burn.     

磁共振LAVA技术结合DWI在肝脏常见病变诊断中的研究进展

影像学检查是肝内病灶的检出以及恶性肿瘤早期诊断的重要手段,可以为临床治疗方案的确定提供重要依据。近年来,随着现代医学影像技术的迅速发展,对肝内病灶的定位、定性及分期有了新的进展,大大提高了治疗前诊断准确率,但是小病灶的定性目前仍是影像学及临床致力解决的重要问题之一。本文就磁共振LAVA和DWI两种技术相结合,对其在肝脏常见疾病诊断中的应用价值及进展作一综述。     

1985-2012年青海省城乡居民膳食结构变化分析

目的了解青海省城乡居民1985-2012年食物消费情况和变化趋势。方法利用青海省统计局1985-2013年统计年鉴城乡居民各类食物消费和人口资料,将食物消费资料进行归纳、整理、折算为每人每天消费量,分析27 a消费量的总体变化趋势和城乡差别,并与《中国居民膳食指南》进行比较。结果 27年间,青海省城乡居民的膳食结构变化与收入增长有关;城乡居民膳食结构仍然以传统的粮谷类食物为主,膳食结构趋于合理,城镇居民食物消费结构较农牧民合理,但蔬菜和水果消费较低。结论加快推进地方经济发展,有针对性改善农牧民区生活条件,开展合理膳食宣传是改善青海省城乡居民的食物消费结构的重要环节。     

穴位针刺干预急性低氧大鼠肺动脉压与海马神经损伤的实验研究

目的探讨穴位针刺对急性低氧所致大鼠肺动脉压(PAP)升高与神经细胞损伤的干预作用。方法将60只SD大鼠随机平均分为正常对照组(N)、低氧组(H)、针刺+低氧组(AH)。将各组动物分别用25%乌拉坦(125 mg/100 g)腹腔麻醉,H组和AH组(放入低氧舱之前先针刺30 min)动物置于低氧舱后再吸入15%的O2,3组均测量大鼠PAP,30 min后处死。3组均测定脑含水量和大脑腺苷A1受体表达水平,并对不同组大鼠神经细胞进行形态学观察。结果 AH组PAP明显低于H组(P<0.01),但与N组相比差异无统计学意义;海马神经元形态学显示,H组神经元有明显的胞质空染、核固缩,AH组与N组神经元无明显的胞质空染、核固缩。结论穴位针刺可预防大鼠急性低氧引起的PAP升高和海马神经元损伤。     

植物雌激素防治绝经后骨质疏松症的研究进展

<正>绝经后骨质疏松症(postmenopausal osteoporosis,PMOP)与卵巢功能衰老、减退有关,雌激素缺乏所致成骨细胞减少、破骨细胞增加,骨吸收量大于骨沉积量,骨密度(bone mineral density,BMD)显著下降,骨脆性增加~([1-2])。植物雌激素(phytoestrogen,PE)化学结构与雌二醇(estradiol,E2)相似,根据化合物单体结构可分为查耳酮类、异黄酮类、木脂素类和茋类等几大类。目前临床常用的雌激素替代法虽有一定疗效,但也有一定局限性和副作用。近年来,PE是研究热点,有望成为一种更好的激     

藏药新药研究开发的战略思考

针对藏药新药研究现状及战略优势,提出藏药新药研发战略建议.