Comparison between tension band and cerclage with X-Plate and lag screws in treatment of comminuted patellar fractures

BackgroundComminuted patellar fractures are not rare, and the ideal treatment method remains controversial. The present study was conducted to evaluate effects and compare complications of two different methods used to treat comminuted patellar fractures.MethodsFrom March 2010 to August 2016, 102 cases of 34-C2 or 34-C3 comminuted patellar fractures were treated at our hospital, wherein patients received two different treatments: titanium cable tension band with cerclage method (group A) and intrafragmentary screws with X-shaped plating technique (group B). At follow-ups, articular step-off, range of motion (ROM), Lysholm scores, time of union, and complications were recorded and analyzed. Radiographic and clinical data as well as rate of complications were statistically analyzed.ResultsIn total, 87 patients were included in the final analysis (n = 47 in group A and n = 40 in group B). No significant differences were noted in terms of cost of implant, age, gender, rate of 34-C3 fractures, rate of layered inferior pole fractures, postoperative articular step-off and union time. At 2-year follow-up, average Lysholm scores, ROM and rate of complications were (89.0 ± 4.5), (122°±12°) and (27.7%) in group A and (90.2 ± 3.9), (124°±11°) and (17.5%) in group B, respectively, with no significant differences (p > 0.05). The mean time of surgery in group B was shorter than that in group A with significant difference (p < 0.05).ConclusionsTreatment using the intrafragmentary screws and plate method for amenable comminuted patellar fractures achieved similar complication rate and favorable functional outcomes at the 2-year follow-up, which was comparable to the titanium cable tension band with cerclage method. Thus, the intrafragmentary screws and plate method is effective, safe and convenient for 34-C2/C3 comminuted patellar fractures, especially appropriate for patients with layered fragments.     

定点斜扳法治疗腰椎小关节紊乱的随机对照研究

[目的] 通过严格设计的临床随机对照试验,观察定点斜扳法治疗腰椎小关节紊乱的临床疗效,为腰椎小关节紊乱的患者提供更为有效、成功率更高的治疗方法。[方法] 将符合纳入标准的48例腰椎小关节紊乱患者随机分为试验组和对照组,每组各24例。试验组与对照组分别采用定点斜扳法和传统斜扳法两种治疗方法,比较两组患者治疗前后视觉模拟评分法（VAS）和腰椎活动度（ROM）评分、压痛值、红外热成像结果及临床疗效。[结果] 治疗前两组在VAS和ROM评分、压痛值、温度方面比较,差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。治疗后,两组VAS和ROM评分、温度较治疗前下降,压痛值上升,试验组的改善幅度优于对照组（P＜0.01）。治疗后试验组临床有效率为92％,优于对照组的62％（P＜0.05）。[结论] 与传统斜扳法相比,定点斜扳法力量集中,成功率高,可操作性强,能极大减轻患者腰部疼痛,改善腰部的活动度,对于治疗腰椎小关节紊乱具有更好的临床疗效,具有一定的临床推广应用价值。     

A contemporary prospective review of 205 consecutive patients with penetrating colon injuries

BackgroundManagement of colon injuries has significantly evolved in the recent decades resulting in considerably decreased morbidity and mortality. We set out to investigate penetrating colon injuries in a high-volume urban academic trauma center in South Africa.MethodsAll patients with penetrating colon injuries admitted between 1/2015 and 1/2018 were prospectively enrolled. Data collection included demographics, injury profile and outcomes. Primary outcome was in-hospital mortality. Secondary outcome was morbidity.ResultsTwo-hundred and five patients were included in the analysis. Stab and gunshot wounds constituted 18% and 82% of the cases, respectively. Mean age was 28.9 (10.2) years and 96.1% were male. Median injury severity score (ISS) and penetrating abdominal trauma index (PATI) were 16 (9-25) and 19 (10-26), respectively. A total of 47.8% of the patients had a complication per Clavien-Dindo classification. Colon leak rate was 2.4%. Wound and abdominal organ/space infection rate was 15.1 and 6.3%, respectively. Overall in-hospital mortality was 9.3%. Risk factors for mortality were higher ISS and PATI, shock on admission, need for blood transfusion, intra-abdominal vascular injury, damage control surgery, and extra-abdominal severe injuries.ConclusionsContemporary overall complication rate remains high in penetrating colon injuries, however, anastomotic leak rate is decreasing. Colon injury associated mortality is related to overall injury burden and hemorrhage rather than to colon injuries.     

Outcomes of the use of cement-augmented cannulated pedicle screws in lumbar spinal fusion

BACKGROUND CONTEXTThere are few studies of the radio-clinical outcomes of cement-augmented cannulated pedicle screw (CPS) fixation in osteoporotic patients.PURPOSETo compare the radiological and clinical outcomes between groups receiving cement-augmented CPS and solid pedicle screws (SPS) in lumbar fusion surgery.STUDY DESIGN/SETTINGRetrospective comparative studyPATIENT SAMPLEA total of 187 patients who underwent lumbar fusion surgery for degenerative spinal stenosis or spondylolisthesis from 2014 to 2019.OUTCOME MEASURESRadiological evaluation included screw failure, cage failure, rod breakage, and fusion grade at postoperative 6 months and 1 year. Pre- and postoperative visual analog scales for back pain (VAS-BP), leg pain (VAS-LP), Korean Oswestry disability index (K-ODI), and postoperative complications were also compared.METHODSOutcomes of patients with high risk factors for implant failure [old age, osteoporosis, autoimmune disease or chronic kidney disease (CKD)] who underwent open transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion with cement-augmented CPS fixation (Group C, n=55) or SPS fixation (Group S, n=132) were compared.RESULTS324 pedicle screws in Group C and 775 pedicle screws in Group S were analyzed. Group C had a significantly higher average age and lower T-score, and included more patients with autoimmune disease and CKD than group S (all p<.05). Clear zones, screw migration and loss of correction were significantly less frequent in Group C (all p<.05). Thirteen screw breakages were observed; they were only in Group C (4.0%) and all were in the proximal of the two holes. Interbody and posterolateral fusion rates were not significantly different. At last follow-up, all clinical parameters including VAS-BP, VAS-LP, and K-ODI scores had improved significantly in both groups. Postoperative complications were not significantly different in the two groups.CONCLUSIONIn lumbar fusion surgery, using cement-augmented CPS in high-risk groups for implant failure could be a useful technical option for reducing acute radiological complications and obtaining clinical results comparable to those obtained using SPS in patients with low risk of implant failure.LEVEL OF EVIDENCELevel 4     

Comparison of two closed surgical techniques at isolated pediatric radial neck fractures

IntroductionThis paper aims to compare the clinical and radiological results of children operated using elastic stable intramedullary nailing as described by Métaizeau to those with the closed reduction and percutaneous pinning (CRPP).MethodsResults of 21 pediatric patients with radial neck fracture who were treated by two pediatric surgeons between January 2011 and December 2013 were reviewed retrospectively. 10 were treated with the Métaizeau method versus 11 with the CRPP. Operation time, fluoroscopic exposure time, Mayo elbow performance score (MEPS) and radiological assessment at final follow-up 1 year or greater and complications were main outcome measures.ResultsThe MEPS were excellent in all the patients of both groups. Reduction quality was excellent in 8 patients and good in 2 of the Métaizeau, and excellent in 9 and good in 2 of the CRPP. The fluoroscopy and operating times were statistically significantly greater, 3-fold and 2-fold respectively, in the Métaizeau method compared to the CRPP with comparable functional and radiological results.ConclusionSurgeon should adhere to a closed surgical method of his/her experience for excellent result.Level of evidenceTherapeutic Level III.     

激光共聚焦显微镜观察钛板和死骨表面细菌生物膜的形成能力（英文）

背景：细菌在金属植入物和死骨表面附着并形成的生物膜是造成骨骼肌肉系统的慢性感染的根本原因。目的：观察并比较细菌在钛板和死骨表面形成细菌生物膜的能力。方法：用改良的基质培养法制备细菌生物膜模型,将10块钛板圆柱和10片死骨随机配对,每一对放置在同一个培养瓶中用其菌液浸泡淹没,在同一个培养环境中培养。用荧光染料对各组细菌生物膜进行染色,激光共聚焦显微镜下观察并采集图像。结果与结论：与死骨相比,钛板表面的细菌生物膜厚度较小（P〈0.05）,其细菌生物膜中层和深层的活菌率较高（P〈0.05）。说明细菌在死骨形表面成细菌生物膜的能力强于钛板。