单兆伟运用温经汤治疗女性肾虚泄泻经验

全国名中医、孟河医派传人单兆伟教授擅长胃肠病诊治,临证擅用《金匮要略》温经汤治疗女性肾虚型泄泻。认为温经汤的主要适应证是肝肾虚寒型的女性腹泻和(或)月经不调,肝脾肾三脏虚寒、寒凝而瘀、虚瘀相因、寒热错杂是温经汤证的病机特点,泄下清谷、脉象沉细或细涩、舌质淡黯有齿痕或瘀点是温经汤的主要应用指证。     

Toward a revision of criteria for the dementias

This article critically considers current diagnostic criteria for dementia and reports recommendations approved by at least 80% of experts attending the Third Canadian Consensus Conference on the Diagnosis and Treatment of Dementia (CCCDTD3). There was consensus that many of the features proposed as essential to a diagnosis of dementia in the 1980s no longer are relevant (for example, the requirements for memory impairment, electroencephalogram and cerebrospinal fluid studies, age-specific exclusions). In addition, other syndromes such as frontotemporal dementia have been recognized and need to inform new dementia criteria. It is also recognized that a diagnosis of depression need not exclude a dementia diagnosis. Other proposals, such as neuropathology should be considered as additional evidence and not as a gold standard or that some people with dementia have prolonged plateaus so that progressive decline need not be a criterion for Alzheimer’s disease (AD), were more controversial and did not receive similar support. Given the evidence of the last three decades, there is merit in reconsidering the criteria by which dementia and AD are diagnosed.     

药物不良反应事件民事赔偿问题研究

在药物不良反应事件中，药品存在设计缺陷、制造缺陷或警示缺陷的，药品的生产者应当承担赔偿责任。医疗机构无视药物不良反应的警示说明导致不良反应发生的，应当承担医疗差错的赔偿责任。国家疏于药物监管导致不良反应发。生的，从法学理论上讲，也应当承担赔偿责任。     

Prof. Shan Zhaowei＇s Experience in Treating Atrophic Gastritis

Prof. Shan Zhaowei （ 单兆伟 ）, the author＇s teacher, has been engaged in TCM for more than 30 years, with profound knowledge in the treatment of diseases of the spleen and stomach, which are introduced in the following.     

Scientific connotation of “treating different diseases with the same method” from the perspective of metabolic–immune dysregulation in inflammation-mediated carcinogenesis of digestive organs

Inflammation-mediated carcinogenesis develops in the context of chronic inflammation and is a significant cause of cancer within the digestive system. In the chronic inflammation microenvironment, the metabolic activity of tissue cells undergoes extensive changes, which interfere with the normal function of immune cells. Dysregulation of cell metabolism and immune function has been identified as a key factor contributing to inflammation-mediated carcinogenesis within the major digestive organs, such as the stomach, liver, and colorectum. This metabolic–immune imbalance also corresponds to traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) theories of “yin-yang disharmony” and “disharmony between Ying-nutrients and Wei-defense.” The metabolic–immune imbalance has also been regarded as the key factor supporting “treatment of different diseases with the same method,” in which the same approach is adopted in the treatment of different conditions. In the TCM treatment process, it is necessary to first identify TCM patterns and then apply the corresponding TCM to correct the dysregulated metabolic and immune function, thereby blocking the progression from inflammation to malignancy. Our study findings deepen the TCM understanding of metabolic–immune dysregulation and the relationship between metabolic–immune dysregulation, pattern identification, and treatment method. They also provide new insights for the treatment of inflammation-mediated carcinogenesis in major digestive organs and help us further explore the scientific connotation of the TCM strategy of “treating different diseases with the same method.     

升丹制剂对小鼠机械性创面微循环影响的实验研究

目的 通过不同浓度的升压制剂对创面微循环影响来控制其对创面愈合的作用机制。方法 应用彩色病理图文分析系统,分析创面微血管增生数、扩张度及微血栓数。结果 在造模后３天、７天,实验且数值均显著高于对照组。结论 升丹制课题可以和改善创面微循环,减少微血栓,增加创面营养和血供,有利创面愈合。     

Identification of peptides presented through the MHC-II of dendritic cells stimulated with Mycobacterium avium

Mycobacterium avium (M. avium) represents a species of concern, because of its ability to modulate the host’s innate immune response, and therefore influence trajectory of adaptative immunity. Since eradicative response against mycobacteria, and M. tuberculosis/M. avium, relies on peptides actively presented on a Major Histocompatibility complex-II (MHC-II) context, we assessed paradoxical stimulation of Dendritic Cell resulting on immature immunophenotype characterized by membrane minor increase of MHC-II and CD40 despite of high expression of the pro-inflammatory tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in supernatants. Identification of M. avium leucine rich peptides forming short α-helices shutting down Type 1T helper (Th1), contribute to the understanding of immune evasion of an increasingly prevalent pathogen, and may provide a basis for future immunotherapy to infectious and non-infectious disease.     

固天泉胶囊水提液除杂工艺研究

目的:探讨大孔吸附树脂法、壳聚糖澄清法和乙醇沉淀法在固天泉胶囊水提液中除杂结果。方法:比较大孔吸附树脂法、乙醇沉淀法和壳聚糖澄清法所得到的浸膏得率及浸膏中人参皂苷Rg₁,Re的定性分析以及Rg₁、阿魏酸含量测定考察。结果:乙醇沉淀法所得的浸膏得率为17.2％,壳聚糖澄清法所得的浸膏得率为12.8％,大孔吸附树脂法所得的浸膏得率为3.1％,3种方法均能够较好地使水提液澄明,且后两者还能够在降低浸膏得率、保留有效成分、保证制剂稳定性方面优于前者,并能缩短生产周期,降低成本。结论:壳聚糖澄清试剂法较适合于固天泉胶囊水提液除杂工艺。     

托吡酯单药治疗不同类型癫痫的疗效评价

目的进行托吡酯(妥泰)单药治疗癫痫的疗效评价.方法选择60例癫痫患者,应用托吡酯单药治疗20周.入组前观察并记录基础发作频率.剂量从 25 mg*d-1开始,每周增加 25 mg,共8周,达到有效剂量或 200 mg*d-1后维持治疗12周,观察癫痫发作频率变化及不良反应.结果发作完全控制31例(51.7%),发作减少≥75% 14例(23.3%),发作减少≥50% 4例(6.7%),发作减少<50% 11例(18.3%).发作频率低,病程短的病例,完全控制比例高.治疗过程中无严重不良反应.结论托吡酯可作为初发各型癫痫病人常规单药治疗药物,且耐受性、安全性好.剂量应充分考虑个体化的原则,一般病人用量不超过 100 mg*d-1.     

Dr. YIN Ming＇s Experience in Treating Pediatric Diseases

Dr. YIN Ming is skilled at the pediatric diseases and wins the trust from her patients and their families. I learned a lot from the clinical practice with her and now the experience is as follows.