视网膜光凝对糖尿病视网膜病变患者神经纤维层厚度的影响

目的：探讨分析糖尿病视网膜病变(diabetic retinopathy,DR)患者全视网膜激光光凝术(panretinal photocoagulation,PRP)治疗后1a视网膜神经纤维层(retinal nerve fiber layer,RNFL)厚度的变化。

方法：选取2014-05/2017-06在我院行PRP治疗的92例92眼DR患者,采用OCT的DISC CIRCLE程序,测量分析以视盘为中心、直径3.45mm范围DR患者PRP术前和术后1a(采用Follow-Up程序自动追踪模式)视盘周围RNFL厚度,按视盘上方(S)、下方(I)、鼻侧(N)、颞侧(T)4个象限分区所得的数值进行统计分析。

结果：DR患者PRP术后1a较术前视盘周围上方、下方、鼻侧、颞侧和全周平均RNFL厚度明显变薄,且差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。

结论：PRP治疗可导致视网膜RNFL变薄,临床上应充分重视和考虑RNFL的损伤,更好地保护视网膜神经细胞的机能对DR治疗具有重要意义。     

螺旋CT对气管支气管异物和狭窄的诊断价值

目的：探讨螺旋CT（MSCT）对气管、支气管异物和狭窄的诊断价值。方法：对18例可疑支气管异物的患儿进行MSCT检查。将获得的轴位扫描图像行Minp及MPR重建,并与支气管镜检查结果对照。结果：MSCT显示异物15例,21枚,其中1例异物CT值为278HU,其余14例CT值为-10．6～31．0HU;位于主支气管6例,叶支气管9例,其中并发段支气管异物4例。支气管炎性狭窄2例,异物取出后气道狭窄1例。异物及气管狭窄的显示以MPR和Minp图像最好。支气管镜所见与MSCT一致,但4例并发段支气管异物者未发现。MSCT所见不仅与支气管镜吻合,而且可准确显示段支气管以下的异物。结论：MSCT可准确显示气管、支气管异物与狭窄的直接和间接征象,并较准确地判定异物性质,对小儿支气管异物的诊断有重要参考价值。     

止崩汤加针灸治疗围绝经期功能失调性子宫大出血320例

目的:观察止崩汤加针灸治疗围绝经期功能失调性子宫出血(功血)大出血的疗效及探讨止血机理。方法:将320例围绝经期功血大出血患者口服止崩汤加针灸观察止血疗效、治疗前后临床症状改善情况、子宫内膜厚度、APTT、PT、血色素(HB)、血清雌二醇(E2)、孕酮(P)的含量。结果:(1)止崩汤加针灸治疗功血大出血止血疗效总有效率为91.3%.(2)治疗后APTT时间明显延长(P≤0.05),PT时间明显缩短(P≤0.05)。(3)子宫内膜的厚度变薄,治疗后与治疗前比较有显著性差异(P0.05);(4)治疗后E2含量明显下降(P0.01),P含量则明显上升(0.01),与治疗前比较有极显著性差异(P0.01)。(5)治疗后血色素明显提高。结论:止崩汤加针灸治疗围绝经期功血大出血具有良好的止血作用,起到药物性刮宫的作用,止血迅速快捷便利,无手术刮宫的疼痛及创伤,可调节卵巢激素。     

虚拟现实技术在医学教育中的应用价值

随着计算机、网络和信息技术的飞速发展,虚拟现实技术应运而生,并在医学教育领域中广泛应用.目前国外开展了虚拟解剖学、虚拟放射学及虚拟内窥镜学等计算机辅助教学,国内开展了数字化可视人体研究,建立了现代化模拟医院,进行急诊医学高仿真模拟教学,构建了医学检验虚拟实验室和虚拟实验教学系统等.虚拟现实技术在医学教育中的应用充实了理论知识的学习,弥补了实验教学资源的不足,优化升级软件、节省教育资源,模拟真实情境避免各种危险,突破时空限制,为医学教育事业的发展发挥了积极的推动作用.     

茳芒决明中蒽醌类化学成分研究

目的：对茳芒决明中的化学成分进行研究。方法：采用制备薄层色谱方法进行分离,从茳芒决明种子甲醇溶性部分分得1个单体化合物Ⅰ,通过化学方法及波谱分析方法鉴定结构。结果：化合物Ⅰ为大黄素甲（physcion）。该化合物为首次从茳芒决明中分离得到。     

MALT1 in asthma children: A potential biomarker for monitoring exacerbation risk and Th1/Th2 imbalance‐mediated inflammation

BackgroundMucosa‐associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma translocation protein 1 (MALT1) participates in the immune‐related allergic response and inflammation flare, while its clinical role in asthma children is still unknown. Herein, this study aimed to investigate MALT1 expression, and its correlation with exacerbation risk, T helper (Th)1, Th2 cells (and their secreted cytokines), as well as inflammatory cytokines in asthma children.MethodsSixty children with asthma exacerbation and 60 children with remission asthma were enrolled in this study; then their blood MALT1, Th1, Th2 cells, tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α), interleukin‐6 (IL‐6), interferon‐gamma (IFN‐γ), and interleukin‐4 (IL‐4) were detected. Besides, blood MALT1 in another 20 health controls was also determined.ResultsMucosa‐associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma translocation protein 1 was highest in children with asthma exacerbation, followed by children with remission asthma, and lowest in health controls (p < 0.001). MALT1 could distinguish children with asthma exacerbation from children with remission asthma (area under the curve (AUC): 0.757, 95% CI: 0.670–0.843). In children with asthma exacerbation, MALT1 was negatively linked with IFN‐γ (p = 0.002) and Th1 cells (p = 0.050), but positively related to Th2 cells (p = 0.027) and exhibited a positive correlation trend (without statistical significance) with IL‐4 (p = 0.066); meanwhile, MALT1 was positively correlated with exacerbation severity (p = 0.010) and TNF‐α (p = 0.003), but not linked with IL‐6 (p = 0.096). In children with remission asthma, MALT1 only was negatively associated with Th1 cells (p = 0.023), but positively linked with TNF‐α (p = 0.023).ConclusionMucosa‐associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma translocation protein 1 serves as a potential biomarker for monitoring exacerbation risk and Th1/Th2 imbalance‐mediated inflammation of asthma children.     

Small Round Cell Tumors of Bone

Diagnosing small round cell tumors (SCRTs) can be a difficult task for pathologists due to overlapping clinicopathologic features. This review highlights the clinical, radiographic, histologic, immunohistochemical, and genetic features of the most common SRCTs involving bone with an emphasis on differential diagnosis. SRCTs are a heterogeneous group of neoplasms characterized by poorly differentiated cells with small, blue, round nuclei and scant cytoplasm. They can occur as primary tumors in bone or soft tissue.     

Pretreatment Controlling Nutritional Status Score and Lactate Dehydrogenase as Predictive Markers of Survival in Patients with Malignant Peritoneal Mesothelioma

Objective: To investigate the relationships between the Controlling Nutritional Status (CONUT) score and ascites fluid lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) level, and prognosis in patients with malignant peritoneal mesothelioma (MPeM).

Methods: A total of 125 patients with MPeM were selected for the study using a pathological screening method. Once the diagnosis is established, before the treatment their clinical characteristics and nutritional evaluations were recorded including CONUT score and ascites LDH level. The associations between CONUT, ascites LDH, and other clinicopathological features including body mass index, asbestos exposure, pathological type, and treatment method were analyzed. Prognostic parameters predicting overall survival (OS) were analyzed by Cox regression.

Results: High CONUT score, high ascites LDH level were positively associated with poor prognosis in patients with MPeM according to univariate analyses (P?<?0.001, P?<?0.001, respectively), and CONUT score and ascites LDH were independent predictors of a poor prognosis according to multivariate analysis. When the CONUT score is greater than 3 and the ascites LHD is greater than 474?IU/l, it indicates a poor prognosis.

Conclusions: CONUT score and ascites LDH are important factors influencing the prognosis of MPeM patients and should thus be considered in clinical applications.