环孢素对心脏移植大鼠外周血淋巴细胞多基因mRNA表达的影响

 目的 对大鼠心脏移植前后不同时间点外周血淋巴细胞mRNA差异表达的研究,探讨环孢素对免疫排斥反应过程中基因表达的影响.方法 心脏移植前后以15 mg·kg^-1·d^-1环孢素灌胃的大鼠,分别在移植前、移植后24,72 h,7,10,12d取血,提取总RNA,用mRNA差异显示法找出差异表达条带,克隆测序,用灰度扫描法计算差异表达基因的比密度。结果 对照组移植心脏存活率于移植后的10d内降至为0%,而此阶段环孢素组的移植心脏存活率始终保持在50％.移植后第10天,对照组与凋亡信号传导和线粒体蛋白构象重构与蛋白转运相关基因Ribosomal—12S和S25,MHC—Ⅲ(Hst-70)的表达水平显著高于移植前,与移植心脏存活率最低点同步.其2,3-bisphosphoglycerate和gig18基因表达水平的变化无统计学意义。环孢素组与细胞凋亡有关的gig18和Thbsl,以及T细胞受体(TCR)等基因的表达水平于移植后10 d内持续低于移植前,2,3-bisphosphoglycerate基因的表达水平于移植后24 h降低,只有钠通道β-1基因的表达水平于移植后10 d内高于移植前。结论 环孢素可负调心脏移植后大鼠外周血淋巴细胞凋亡相关基因gig18和Thbsl,正调钠通道基因的转录。     

生化过程工程与中药现代化

在生化工程20余年的研究工作基础上。结合中药现代化开展了一些技术、材料与设备的研究开发工作。研究植物细胞、组织、器官大规模培养增殖技术，应用于细胞代谢产物、生物转化和人工育种及发根，实现了工厂化生产，并成功研制多种类型的生物反应器；在原有化学工程提取分离技术的基础上，发展了反应分离耦合、微波辅助提取等新技术，实现了高效浸出，并且节能、节水；此外，又发展了包括反胶团萃取、一步三相萃取青霉素、泡沫分级分离、膜分离、高速逆流色谱分离纯化等新技术。高速逆流色谱技术是一种没有固相载体的液一液多级逆流萃取技术，避免了不可逆吸附，已成功用于多种天然产物的分析和分离，作为研究中药指纹图谱的新方法具有很好的精密度和重现性。高效液相色谱、气相色谱、毛细管电泳、质谱等技术在指纹图谱研究中发挥了重要作用。与此同时，还研制了多种分离介质，并在药物的修饰与包埋方面做了大量工作。另外，在海洋药物研究领域，创造了连续培养连续采收的新流程、新技术．进行了转基因藻的培养。用于生产基因工程产品。     

Selective loss of basal forebrain cholinergic neurons in APP770 transgenic mice

Objective To determine whether cholinergic neurons in the basal nucleus magnocellularis (N BM) and the medial septum are affected in transgenic mice overexpressing human a myloid precursor protein 770 (APP₇₇₀).
Methods Eight age groups, from 3 months old to 10 months old, of either heterozygous tra nsgenic or non-transgenic mice were used for choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) s taining using immunohistochemistry. The number of ChAT-positive neurons was co unted on the MCID Image Analysis System. Neurons in the cerebral cortex and are a CA1 of hippocampus were also stained with cresyl violet and counted using opti cal dissector technique.
Results There is no change in the number of forebrain cholinergic neurons in the transge nic mice up to 9 months of age. A loss of these cholinergic neurons starts in 9 months old transgenic mice, with a further decrease in the number of NBM and me dial septum neurons in 10-month-old transgenic mice. On the other hand, the n umber of neurons in the cerebral cortex and hippocampal area CA1 remained unchanged.
Conclusion These results demonstrate a selective loss of basal forebrain cholinergic neuron s in APP₇₇₀ transgenic mice.     

异丙酚在人工流产术中的临床效果观察

目的:观察异丙酚在人工流产术中麻醉效果、宫颈松弛程度、阴道出血量、人工流产综合征及术中不良反应。方法:选择对象200例,分观察组、对照组各100例,观察组术前静脉注射异丙酚,对照组术前未给予任何药物,手术方法两组相同。结果:观察组镇痛率为:100％,无人工流产综合征发生;宫颈口松弛程度和术中不良反应,两组有显著性差异(P<0.01);两组术中出血量比较无统计学意义(P>O.05)。结论:异丙酚用于人工流产术镇痛效果较好,可避免人工流产综合征的发生,减少术中不良反应,缩短手术时间,对子宫收缩无影响,可以广泛应用于无痛人工流产术。     

猪肾中砷的氢化物发生原子荧光测定法

目的研究氢化物发生—原子荧光法测定猪肾中砷的适宜条件。方法试验酸介质和还原剂用量对测定砷的影响;选择仪器的最佳工作条件及氢化物发生条件;试验样品中常见元素对砷测定的干扰情况及消除方法。结果在测定条件下,砷的线性范围为0~200μg/L,相关系数达0.999 3以上;检出限为0.14μg/L,回收率在95.5%~101.0%之间,相对标准差(n=7)小于2.7%。结论该试验选用5.0%HCl为介质;样品测定原子化观察高度8 mm;5%硫脲 5%抗坏血酸混合溶液掩弊干扰效果最好。在该工作条件下测定猪肾中的砷,方法灵敏度高,准确度、精密度好。     

超微粉碎云芝子实体对云芝多糖提取的影响

目的:探讨超微粉碎云芝子实体的云芝多糖提取工艺条件.方法:采用超微粉碎技术对云芝进行预处理,所得微粉(5μm)与云芝子实体进行多糖提取的对比试验,然后对云芝微粉提取多糖进行正交实验,优化提取工艺.结果:云芝微粉的多糖提取收率比云芝子实体的多糖得率平均高出61%,云芝超微粉碎处理后最优提取工艺为:100℃,80 min,提取3次.结论:超微粉碎有利于云芝多糖的提取.     

Physicochemical degradation of phycocyanin and means to improve its stability: A short review

The cyanobacterium Arthrospira platensis, spirulina, is a source of pigments such as phycobiliprotein and phycocyanin. Phycocyanin is used in the food, cosmetics, and pharmaceutical industries because of its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer properties. The different steps involved in extraction and purification of this protein can alter the final properties. In this review, the stability of phycocyanin (pH, temperature, and light) is discussed, considering the physicochemical parameters of kinetic modeling. The optimal working pH range for phycocyanin is between 5.5 and 6.0 and it remains stable up to 45 °C; however, exposure to relatively high temperatures or acidic pH decreases its half-life and increases the degradation kinetic constant. Phycobiliproteins are sensitive to light; preservatives such as mono- and di-saccharides, citric acid, or sodium chloride appear to be effective stabilizing agents. Encapsulation within nano- or micro-structured materials such as nanofibers, microparticles, or nanoparticles, can also preserve or enhance its stability.     

HPLC同时测定白花蛇舌草有效部位中对香豆酸和反式6-O-对香豆酰鸡屎藤苷甲酯的含量

目的:建立白花蛇舌草有效部位中对香豆酸和反式6-O-对香豆酰鸡屎藤苷甲酯含量的测定方法。方法:采用高效液相色谱法,色谱柱采用InertsilODS-3(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm);检测波长为310 nm;进样量为10μL;流速为1.0 mL.min-1;柱温为30℃;以乙腈为流动相A,以0.05%甲酸水溶液为流动相B,进行梯度洗脱。结果:对香豆酸在0.003 33～0.099 9μg范围内成线性关系(r=0.999 9,n=5),平均回收率为99.21%(n=6);反式6-O-对香豆酰鸡屎藤苷甲酯在0.020 9～0.627μg范围内成线性关系(r=0.999 9,n=5),平均回收率为99.54%(n=6)。结论:本实验方法可靠,操作简便,重现性好,专属性强,可用于白花蛇舌草有效部位中对香豆酸和反式6-O-对香豆酰鸡屎藤苷甲酯的含量测定,以控制白花蛇舌草有效部位的质量。     

ω-iodophenyl fatty acids: A convenient method of radioiodination

A solid-phase radioiodination technique for ω-iodophenyl fatty acids using ammonium sulfate is described. The radioiodinations are (1) regioselective, (2) high in yield (95%), (3) short in reaction time (1 h) and (4) capable of yielding high specific activity products although at lower yields. Purification is exceptionally simple: a single passage through an ion exchange column to remove unreacted ¹I⁻ is all that is required. Syntheses of several ω-iodophenyl fatty acids are also described.     

麻黄植物细胞工程的关键技术及研究进展

麻黄是医药工业的重要药源，其资源短缺是制约麻黄医药产业发展的瓶颈之一。本文在论述麻黄的资源分布和医药应用价值的基础上，总结和分析了国内外麻黄细胞工程的研究进展，讨论了应用细胞工程解决麻黄资源短缺的关键技术。