Diabetic retinopathy identification based on multi-source-free domain adaptation

AIM: To address the challenges of data labeling difficulties, data privacy, and necessary large amount of labeled data for deep learning methods in diabetic retinopathy (DR) identification, the aim of this study is to develop a source-free domain adaptation (SFDA) method for efficient and effective DR identification from unlabeled data. METHODS: A multi-SFDA method was proposed for DR identification. This method integrates multiple source models, which are trained from the same source domain, to generate synthetic pseudo labels for the unlabeled target domain. Besides, a softmax-consistence minimization term is utilized to minimize the intra-class distances between the source and target domains and maximize the inter-class distances. Validation is performed using three color fundus photograph datasets (APTOS2019, DDR, and EyePACS). RESULTS: The proposed model was evaluated and provided promising results with respectively 0.8917 and 0.9795 F1-scores on referable and normal/abnormal DR identification tasks. It demonstrated effective DR identification through minimizing intra-class distances and maximizing inter-class distances between source and target domains. CONCLUSION: The multi-SFDA method provides an effective approach to overcome the challenges in DR identification. The method not only addresses difficulties in data labeling and privacy issues, but also reduces the need for large amounts of labeled data required by deep learning methods, making it a practical tool for early detection and preservation of vision in diabetic patients.     

Natural killer cells in obstetric antiphospholipid syndrome

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抗雄药物诱导性神经内分泌前列腺癌的研究进展

接受新型雄激素受体途径抑制剂（ARPI）的去势抵抗性前列腺癌（CRPC）的患者往往在治疗应答中表现出耐药性,肿瘤获得雄激素受体（AR）-独立亚型,使癌细胞不再依赖于AR通路继续生长。CRPC患者在接受ARPI治疗后,部分患者不仅未达到临床获益,反而出现疾病进展,即神经内分泌前列腺癌（NEPC）,NEPC与不良预后密切相...     

提高婴幼儿静脉留置针穿刺成功的护理体会

静脉留置针穿刺置管技术作为一种临床实用操作技能,在提高输液质量方面发挥了极大的作用。其操作简单,减少反复穿刺给患儿带来的痛苦和恐惧,保证液路通畅,满足临床治疗需要,有效提高护理质量。婴幼儿血管条件差、不易配合;家长期     

下肢动脉硬化闭塞症患者支架植入术后血清miR- 140- 5p与1年内支架内再狭窄相关性研究

【摘要】 目的 探讨下肢动脉硬化闭塞症（LEAOD）患者支架植入术后血清微小核糖核酸（miR）-140-5p表达水平与1年内支架内再狭窄（ISR）的关系。方法 选取2019年2月至2020年3月在山西白求恩医院接受支架植入术治疗的136例LEAOD患者作为研究对象。根据术后是否发生ISR分为ISR组（n=52）和非ISR组（n=84）。采用实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应（PCR）检测患者血清miR-140-5p表达,受试者工作特征曲线（ROC）评价miR-140-5p预判支架植入术后1年内ISR的价值,logistic回归分析miR-140-5p与支架植入术后1年内ISR的关系。结果 ISR组泛大西洋学会联盟（TASC）Ⅱ分型B+C型、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）、C反应蛋白（CRP）比例均高于非ISR组（均P＜0.05）。ISR组手术前后miR-140-5p相对表达水平均低于非ISR组（均P＜0.05）。两组术后miR-140-5p相对表达水平均高于术前（均P＜0.05）,ISR组miR-140-5p相对表达升高程度低于非ISR组（P＜0.05）。术后miR-140-5p预判支架植入术后1年内ISR的ROC曲线下面积（AUC）高于术前miR-140-5p、miR-140-5p差值（均P＜0.05）。logistic回归分析结果显示,TASCⅡ分型、LDL-C、CRP均为LEAOD患者支架植入术后1年内ISR的独立危险因素（均P＜0.05）,术后miR-140-5p是术后1年内ISR的独立保护因素（P＜0.05）。 结论 LEAOD患者支架植入术后miR-140-5p与术后1年内ISR相关,检测其表达可辅助临床做出更好决策。     

Inhibition of microRNA-19a-3p alleviates the neuropathic pain (NP) in rats after chronic constriction injury (CCI) via targeting KLF7

Background/purposeNeuropathic pain(NP) is derived from the dysfunctions of nerve system. The current research is to explore the impact and mechanism of miR-19a-3p in neuropathic pain in rats.MethodsThe NP was induced through the chronic constriction injury (CCI) surgery in rats. The pro-inflammatory factors (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α) in spinal cord tissues from rats were measured using Elisa kits. Moreover, the different levels of thermal hyperalgesia and mechanical allodynia in rats were examined through paw withdrawal latency (PWL) and paw withdrawal threshold (PWT). To investigate into the role of miR-19a-3p and KLF7 in NP of rats, the knockdown of miR-19a-3p alone or along with KLF7 downregulation in rats were achieved through lentivirus injection. The miR-19a-3p and KLF7 expression in spinal cord of rats on Day 3,7,14 after CCI were detected using RT-qPCR. The protein expression of KLF7 were measured by Western blot. Bioinformatics and luciferase assays were used for the prediction and verification of bindings between KLF7 and miR-19a-3p.ResultsCCI surgery caused neuropathic pain in rats with the levels of inflammatory cytokines increased and PWL and PWT decreased. Moreover, miR-19a-3p expression was increased while the protein and mRNA levels were decreased in spinal cord tissues in rats after CCI surgery. In rat microglial cells, miR-19a-3p downregulation could promote the KLF7 in both mRNA and protein expression. In spinal cord tissues of rats, the inhibition of miR-19a-3p enhanced the KLF7 expression. Furthermore, miR-19a-3p downregulation suppressed the IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α concentrations, and could decrease the NP but inhibition of KLF7 could partially reverse this in CCI rats.ConclusionmiR-19a-3p inhibition may alleviate NP via KLF7 in CCI rats.     

双膦酸盐治疗股骨非典型性骨折的研究进展

骨质疏松症为一种有较高发病率和死亡率的病症,会导致患者骨折风险增加。双膦酸盐已在许多大型临床试验中被证明可降低骨质疏松性骨折的风险,特别是阿仑膦酸钠已广泛成功地用于骨质疏松症的治疗。双膦酸盐可抑制骨吸收（抑制破骨细胞活性）,同时也可引起骨小梁微损伤的积累或胶原纤维的老化。长期使用双膦酸盐会导致股骨非典型性骨折（AFF）风险增高。本文综述了与双膦酸盐相关AFF的发病机制和管理相关的6个主题,包括双膦酸盐作用机理、双膦酸盐相关AFF的发病机制、AFF的危险因素、双膦酸盐相关AFF的预防、双膦酸盐相关AFF的手术治疗、双膦酸盐相关AFF的医疗管理。     

Valproic acid reduces autophagy and promotes functional recovery after spinal cord injury in rats

Secondary damage is a critical determinant of the functional outcome in patients with spinal cord injury (SCI), and involves multiple mechanisms of which the most important is the loss of nerve cells mediated by multiple factors. Autophagy can result in cell death, and plays a key role in the development of SCI. It has been recognized that valproic acid (VPA) is neuroprotective in certain experimental animal models, however, the levels of autophagic changes in the process of neuroprotection by VPA treatment following SCI are still unknown. In the present study, we determined the extent of autophagy after VPA treatment in a rat model of SCI. We found that both the mRNA and protein levels of Beclin-1 and LC3 were significantly increased at 1, 2, and 6 h after SCI and peaked at 2 h; however, Western blot showed that autophagy was markedly decreased by VPA treatment at 2 h post-injury. Besides, post-SCI treatment with VPA improved the Basso-Beattie-Bresnahan scale, increased the number of ventral horn motoneurons, and reduced myelin sheath damage compared with vehicle-treated animals at 42 days after SCI. Together, our results demonstrated the characteristics of autophagy expression following SCI, and found that VPA reduced autophagy and enhanced motor function.     

体质量指数对前列腺癌合并心血管疾病的老年患者预后的影响及列线图构建

目的 探讨体质量指数(BMI)对前列腺癌合并心血管疾病的老年患者预后的影响,构建并验证患者1年内心血管病再入院的预测列线图。方法 回顾性分析2019年5月至2021年5月于山西医科大学第一医院初诊为前列腺癌伴心血管疾病的237例患者的临床资料。根据中国肥胖工作组(WGOC)推荐的BMI标准将患者分为高BMI组(110例)和低BMI组(127例),比较两组患者基线资料、实验室和影像学检查等临床资料。主要终点事件为1年内心血管病再入院,次要终点为1年内全因死亡。采用SPSS 26.0和R Studio(4.1.2版本)进行数据分析。根据数据类型,分别采用t检验、Mann-Whitney U检验或χ²检验进行组间比较。采用Kaplan-Meier法绘制生存曲线,通过多因素Cox回归模型分析患者预后的影响因素并建立患者预后预测列线图模型。结果 118例患者CVD再入院,其中低BMI组71例(55.9%),高BMI组47例(42.7%);全因死亡4例,其中低BMI组3例(2.4%),高BMI组1例(0.9%)。Kaplan-Meier生存分析显示,低BMI组患者首次CVD再...     

肝素结合蛋白对脓毒症患者急性肾损伤的预测价值

目的 探讨肝素结合蛋白(HBP)对脓毒症患者急性肾损伤(AKI)的预测价值。方法 回顾性分析山西医科大学第三医院急诊科于2020年5月至2021年5月收治的70例脓毒症患者的临床资料,根据入院时是否并发AKI分为AKI组(n=41)和非AKI组(n=29),比较2组患者HBP及其他临床资料。采用SPSS 19.0软件进行数据分析。根据数据类型,组间比较分别采用t检验、秩和检验及χ²检验。采用Spearman相关法分析HBP与其他临床资料的相关性;logistic回归分析脓毒症并发AKI的危险因素,绘制受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线,分析脓毒症患者AKI危险因素的预测价值。结果 AKI组与非AKI组间HBP[176.24(100.77,255.92)和44.02(23.15,100.92) ng/ml]、SCR[204.50(137.10,363.35)和92.30(70.70,109.25) μmol/L]、APACHE Ⅱ[(25.22±8.17)和(17.45±5.05)分]、SOFA[(14.63±3.75)和(7.48±3.80)分]、PCT[26.00(14.39,71.03)和3.73(0.63,11.99) ng/L]比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P＜0.05)。HBP与SCR、APACHE Ⅱ、SOFA、PCT(r=0.538、0.341、0.566、0.444,均P＜0.05)呈正相关,与eGFR呈负相关(r=-0.546,P＜0.001);logistic回归分析显示HBP(OR=1.024,95%CI 1.012~1.036)、SOFA评分(OR=1.581,95%CI 1.294~1.932)均为脓毒症并发AKI的危险因素(P＜0.05);ROC曲线分析HBP对脓毒症AKI的发生有预测价值,最佳截断点为79.895,其灵敏度和特异度分别为92.7%和72.4%。结论 HBP可作为脓毒症患者发生AKI的有效预测指标。