Penetration moxibustion for postpartum subinvolution of uterus: Two case reports and mechanism analysis: 透灸法成功治疗产后子宫复旧不良:两则病例报告及机制分析

This article introduced the application of penetration moxibustion in successfully treating two cases of postpartum subinvolution of uterus. The main complaint of one case was increasing volume of abnormal vaginal bleeding for five days after delivery. The bleeding stopped after the patient received 7 times treatment of warming needle and penetration moxibustion on Zhōngjí (中极CV3), Guānyuán (关元CV4) and Qìhăi (气海CV6). The other case complained about persistent abdominal pain for 15 days, which was worsening for the recent 2 days. The symptom of abdominal pain was relieved after the penetration moxibustion was applied on CV4, CV6 and Zǐgōng (子宫 EX-CA1) for 5 times for the case. Penetration moxibustion can relieve abdominal pain during the postpartum period, accelerate lochia discharge, and recovery of menstrual and uterine cavity. Àiyè (艾叶 Artemisiae Argyi Folium) was proved to have antibacterial, hemostatic, and analgesic effects. The warming function and radiation features of moxibustion can help to alleviate spasm of the smooth muscle in the uterus and enhance the metabolism of the uterine tissue by expanding microvessels and improving the circulations of both blood and lymph. It can also activate cells in the uterine tissue by increased temperature in order to enhance the decomposition and elimination of pathological wastes, such as inflammation and hematoma. In addition, it can also relieve pelvic pain by inhibiting neuronal excitability.     

Study of electroacupuncture with different frequencies for the treatment of headache and anxiety-depression symptoms in patients with migraine: A randomized clinical trial: 不同频率电针改善偏头痛患者头痛及焦虑抑郁症状的差异性研究-随机临床试验

ObjectiveTo observe the effects of electroacupuncture (EA) with varied frequencies on headache and anxiety-depression symptoms in patients with migraine and to screen optimal frequency of EA for patients with such conditions.DesignSingle-center, randomized, controlled clinical trial was designed, and the outcome assessors and statisticians were blinded. The patients with migraine were randomized into 2 Hz EA group, 100 Hz EA group and sham-stimulation group. In each group, the changes in migraine attacks, days with headache, the scores of visual analogy scale (VAS), self-rating anxiety scale (SAS), self-rating depression scale (SDS) and migraine-specific quality-of-life questionnaire (MSQ), as well as the dosage of analgesics were observed at the baseline, during treatment, in 1, 2 and 3 months of follow-up separately.SettingPatients were enrolled in the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, between 1^st August 2018 and 31^st July 2021.ParticipantsSixty-five migraine patients with or without aura.InterventionsIn the EA groups, the acupoints were bilateral Fengchi (GB20), Gongxue (Extra), Sizhukong (TE23), Taiyang (EX-HN5), Shuaigu (GB8), Waiguan (TE5) and Yanglingquan (GB34). Electric stimulation was exerted at GB20 and Gongxue (Extra), with 2 Hz and 100 Hz separately. In the sham-stimulation group, the shallow acupuncture was operated at the sites 1 cm lateral to GB20 and Gongxue (Extra), and on the radial side of TE5 and GB34. The output wires were cut off after attached to the acupoints. The patients in each group received the treatment 3 times weekly, once every two days, for consecutive 4 weeks. The complete intervention was composed of 12 treatments.Main outcome measuresChanges in numbers of migraine attacks at treatment phase (week 1 to week 4) from the baseline(week -4 to week 0) in patients of each groupResults(1) Changes in migraine attacks and days with headache: In the 2 Hz EA and 100 Hz EA groups, the changes for migraine attacks and days of headache were higher significantly when compared with that in the sham-stimulation group at the same time stage (P < 0.05). There was no statistical difference between two EA groups. (2) Changes of VAS score: In the 2 Hz EA and 100 Hz EA groups, the changes of VAS score were significantly higher when compared with that in the sham-stimulation group at the same time stage (P < 0.05). There was no statistical difference between two EA groups. (3) Assessment of anxiety and depression: The differences in the changes of SAS and SDS scores had no statistical significance in patients of each group at each assessment stage (P > 0.05). (4) Assessment on the quality of life: Compared with the sham-stimulation group at the same time stage, the improvement in MSQ score was increased significantly during treatment in patients of the 2 Hz EA and 100 Hz groups (P < 0.05). There was no statistical difference between two EA groups. (5) Assessment on safety and compliance: The patients of each group had sound compliance. There was no adverse events during trial, suggesting promising safety of treatment.ConclusionEA may effectively reduce the migraine attacks, and the days and intensity of headache, presenting promising safety. However, there was no significant improvement on anxiety-depression symptoms, and no significant difference between high and low frequencies of EA treatment in relieving headache and anxiety/depression symptoms in the patients with migraine.Trial registrationChiCTR1800017259     

基于复杂网络的《新针灸学》与《经络腧穴学》比较分析研究（英文）

提取《新针灸学》《经络腧穴学》中穴位名称、主治病症信息,基于复杂网络建立穴-症网络,分析两者穴位数量、相互关联程度及主治规律变化,借助拓扑学数据解释变化原因,为传统针灸知识体系的结构化、标准化研究提供具体思路和方法。共纳入《新针灸学》386穴、773种症状、形成152163个穴位配伍对,《经络腧穴学》403穴、253种症状、28755个穴位配伍对。两本教材的穴-症网络存在丰富的差异性,其所载的病症结构化程度随医学知识的更新而提升。《新针灸学》模型具有更加典型的小世界效应,或因其以病症为主要分类手段的优势体现。两本教材穴位定位与主治方面发生许多变化,学科发展、时代背景等方面是变化的主要原因。     

肉豆蔻化学成分和药理作用研究进展及其质量标志物（Q-Marker）预测分析

肉豆蔻Myristicae Semen是常用药食同源中药,具有温中行气、涩肠止泻的功效,主要包括木脂素类、挥发油类和多酚类等化学成分,具有调节消化系统、抗癌、抗炎镇痛、抗菌、抗氧化等药理作用。通过对肉豆蔻化学成分、药理作用、毒性和临床应用进行综述,根据中药质量标志物（quality marker,Q-Marker）理念,从植物亲缘、采收时期和炮制方法、药效、药性、配伍、化学成分可测性等方面对肉豆蔻的Q-Marker进行预测分析,初步预测去氢二异丁香酚、肉豆蔻醚、安五脂素、甲氧基丁香酚、榄香素、丁香酚和α-蒎烯等为其可能的Q-Marker,为肉豆蔻质量评价和药品研发提供参考。     

基于指纹图谱和多指标含量测定的蜜远志质量评价

目的 建立指纹图谱和多指标定量的蜜远志质量评价方法。方法 Kromasil 100-5-C₁₈色谱柱（250 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm）为固定相,以乙腈（A）-0.2%磷酸水溶液（B）为流动相进行梯度洗脱,体积流量为1.0 mL/min,检测波长318 nm。对16批蜜远志建立指纹图谱,确定共有峰并进行相似度分析结合化学计量学分析。采用Waters Xbridge Shiled RP C₁₈色谱柱（250 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm）进行同时测定远志（口山）酮III、3,6''-二芥子酰基蔗糖、细叶远志皂苷、远志酸、远志皂苷元的含量。结果 在指纹图谱研究中,标定了27个共有峰,结合对照品和HPLC-Q-TOF-MS共指认8个成分,分别为西伯利亚远志糖A5、西伯利亚远志糖A6、远志（口山）酮IX、远志（口山）酮III、3,6''-二芥子酰基蔗糖、细叶远志皂苷、远志酸、远志皂苷元。聚类分析将16批样品分为3类;经主成分分析,主成分1～3是影响蜜远志质量评价的主要因子。多指标含量测定中远志（口山）酮III、3,6''-二芥子酰基蔗糖、细叶远志皂苷、远志酸、远志皂苷元的质量分数分别为0.027%～0.068%、0.074%～0.798%、1.1%～1.4%、0.15%～0.36%、0.15%～0.37%。经方法学验证,线性关系良好（r≥0.999 6）,平均加样回收率为97.15%～100.9%。结论 所建立的指纹图谱结合多指标含量测定方法准确、高效,特征性强,可为蜜远志饮片的质量评价和临床应用提供有效参考。     

miR-146a-5p regulates autophagy and NLRP3 inflammasome activation in epithelial barrier damage in the in vitro cell model of ulcerative colitis through the RNF8/Notch1/mTORC1 pathway

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory disease affecting the colon that can be influenced by microRNAs (miRNAs). This study aims to investigate the impact of miR-146a-5p on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced Caco-2/HT-29 cell autophagy and NLRP3 inflammasome activation and the underlying mechanism, with the aim of identifying potential therapeutic targets. We used LPS to establish Caco-2/HT-29 cell models and measured cell viability by CCK-8. The levels of miR-146a-5p, RNF8, markers of NLRP3 inflammasome activation and autophagy, proteins involved in the Notch1/mTORC1 pathway, and inflammatory factors were assessed by RT-qPCR, Western blot, and ELISA. Intestinal epithelial barrier function was evaluated by measuring transepithelial electrical resistance. Autophagic flux was measured using tandem fluorescent-labeled LC3. miR-146a-5p was highly-expressed in LPS-induced Caco-2/HT-29 cells, and autophagy flux was blocked at the autolysosomal stage after LPS induction. Inhibition of miR-146a-5p suppressed NLRP3 inflammasome activation, reduced intestinal epithelial barrier damage, and facilitated autophagy inhibition in LPS-induced Caco-2/HT-29 cells. The autophagy inhibitor NH4Cl partially nullified the inhibitory effects of miR-146a-5p inhibition on NLRP3 inflammation activation. miR-146a-5p targeted RNF8, and silencing RNF8 partly abrogated the action of miR-146a-5p inhibition on promoting autophagy and inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation. miR-146a-5p inhibition suppressed the Notch1/mTORC1 pathway activation by upregulating RNF8. Inhibition of the Notch1/mTORC1 pathway partially nullified the function of silencing RNF8 on inhibiting autophagy and bolstering NLRP3 inflammasome activation. In conclusion, miR-146a-5p inhibition may be a potential therapeutic approach for UC, as it facilitates autophagy of LPS-stimulated Caco-2/HT-29 cells, inhibits NLRP3 inflammasome activation, and reduces intestinal epithelial barrier damage by upregulating RNF8 and suppressing the Notch1/mTORC1 pathway.     

动物辅助疗法在康复护理中应用的研究进展

对动物辅助疗法的概念、发展、资质要求、干预方式、应用领域及在临床康复护理中的应用效果等方面进行综述,旨在为我国开展动物辅助疗法的护理干预提供借鉴和参考。     

心通滴丸成型工艺研究

目的:确定心通滴丸的成型工艺。方法:以滴丸的外观质量为评价标准,对基质与冷凝液的选择、滴速、滴距采用单因素平行实验法;以滴丸的溶散时限、外观质量及丸重差异为考察指标,对提取物与基质的用量配比、滴制温度、冷凝剂温度采用正交试验法,优选出最佳滴制条件。结果:最佳工艺为PEG6000-PEG4000=1∶1作为基质,药物与基质比为1∶2,二甲基硅油作为冷却剂,药液温度80℃,以每分钟5～6滴的速度,滴入10℃左右的冷却剂中,滴距为5～8cm,滴丸外观质量最好。结论:通过上述试验确定的成型工艺合理,所制滴丸符合药典规定。     

白花蛇舌草核苷体外抗肿瘤作用实验研究

目的 探讨白花蛇舌草中核苷的体外抗肿瘤作用.方法 采用24孔板培养法和MTT法观察白花蛇舌草核苷对人红白血病细胞株K562、人非小细胞肺癌细胞株A549的抑制作用.结果 显微镜下观察24孔板,白花蛇舌草核苷呈现明显的抗肿瘤作用.体外抑瘤实验表明,白花蛇舌草核苷对两种细胞株起效的最低药物浓度分别为100 μg/ml和50μg/ml,半数致死量IC50分别是248.1 μg/ml和147.7 μg/ml.结论 白花蛇舌草核苷具有抗肿瘤活性.     

附子对大鼠能量代谢及相关基因表达的影响

目的:探讨热性中药附子对正常大鼠能量代谢及相关基因表达的影响,从基因水平解析附子发挥温热效应的分子机制.方法:SPF级Wistar大鼠32只,随机分为附子组和空白对照组,分别灌胃附子水煎液和NS 10mL· kg-1 ·d-1,连续给药20d.测定大鼠体温、代谢及消化能;比色法测定肝组织ATPase和SDH活力;基因芯片技术检测大鼠肝基因表达,筛选差异表达基因,进行基因功能分类注释;荧光实时定量PCR实验验证芯片结果.结果:与空白对照组相比,附子组大鼠趾温在给药第10,20天显著升高(P＜0.05),单位体重摄入能、单位体重消化能、单位体重可代谢能显著增高(P＜0.05),Na+-K+-ATP酶,Ca2+ -Mg2+ -ATP酶及SDH活力显著升高(P＜0.05).基因芯片结果显示附子组与空白组比较有592条基因差异表达,按Gene Ontology(GO)分类标准进行基因功能分类注释,代谢过程基因功能为最显著性基因功能(lgP=- 15.589 7).结论:热性中药附子对大鼠物质和能量代谢具有一定促进作用,其机制可能是通过调控代谢相关基因的表达,影响糖、脂类和氨基酸代谢过程,这可能是附子发挥温热效应的主要分子机制.