中药川贝对哮喘模型小鼠肺水肿和支气管炎症的影响

目的：确定中药川贝对哮喘模型小鼠肺水肿和支气管炎症的影响.方法：建立哮喘小鼠模型并随机分为模型组（OVA致敏的小鼠）,中药川贝组（中药川贝治疗的小鼠）和PBS组（正常对照组的小鼠）.结果：中药川贝可抑制哮喘模型小鼠肺水肿,降低BALFIL-1和IL-6水平,同时还可降低亚硝酸盐浓度和减轻中性粒细胞的浸润,并且使哮喘模型小鼠血清IgE水平降低.结论：中药川贝通过抑制哮喘模型小鼠血清IgE水平可减轻肺水肿及支气管中性粒细胞炎症.     

窄谱中波紫外线结合止痒汤多塞平治疗老年瘙痒症疗效观察

目的：观察窄谱中波紫外线（NB-UVB）结合止痒汤、多塞平治疗老年瘙痒症的疗效。方法：60例患者随机分成两组,治疗组34例,予窄谱中波紫外线照射同时口服中药止痒汤、多塞平;对照组26例,口服赛庚啶、氯雷他定。结果：治疗组痊愈率和复发率分别为88.2%和9.0%;对照组分别为61.5%和36.3%,两组差异均有显著性意义（P〈0.01）。结论：窄谱中波紫外线结合止痒汤、多塞平治疗老年瘙痒症的疗效满意,能明显降低复发率。     

The diagnostic efficacy of diffusion tensor imaging generated by gadolinium-based magnetic resonance imaging for patients with chronic kidney disease

Background:Chronic kidney disease (CKD) can lead to systemic inflammatory responses and other cardiovascular disease. Diffusion tensor imaging findings generated by gadolinium-based MRI (DTI-GBMRI) is regarded as a standard method for assessing the pathology of CKD. To evaluate the diagnostic value of DTI-GBMRI for renal histopathology and renal efficiency, renal fibrosis and damage, noninvasive quantification of renal blood flow (RBF) were investigated in patients with CKD.Methods:CKD patients (n = 186) were recruited and underwent diagnosis of renal diffusion tensor imaging findings generated by MRI (DTI-MRI) or DTI-GBMRI to identify the pathological characteristics and depict renal efficiency. The cortical RBFs and estimated glomerular filtration rate were compared in CKD patients undergone DTI-GBMRI (n = 92) or DTI-MRI (n = 94).Results:Gadolinium enhanced the diagnosis generated by DTI-MRI in renal fibrosis, renal damage, and estimated glomerular filtration rate. The superiority in sensitivity and accuracy of the DTI-GBMRI method in assessing renal function and evaluating renal impairment was observed in CKD patients compared with DTI-MRI. Outcomes demonstrated that DTI-GBMRI had higher accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity than DTI-MRI in diagnosing patients with CKD.Conclusion:In conclusion, DTI-GBMRI is a potential noninvasive method for measuring renal function, which can provide valuable information for clinical CKD diagnosis.     

HMGB1 gene silencing inhibits neuroinflammation via down-regulation of NF-κB signaling in primary hippocampal neurons induced by Aβ25–35

High mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1) is potentially triggered by Aβ oligomers and other sterile injuries, and is a non-histone DNA binding nuclear protein with roles in neural development and neurodegeneration, which contribute to memory impairment and chronic neuroinflammation in the brain. However, the exact molecular mechanisms of HMGB1 activation in Alzheimer's disease (AD) were previously unknown. The present study aimed to elucidate the effects of HMGB1 in Aβ_25–35-induced neuroinflammation in hippocampal neuron cultures. RNA interference (RNAi) HMGB1 treatment significantly reduced Aβ_25–35-induced HMGB1 expression by almost 70% in primary hippocampal neurons. Furthermore, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), western blotting, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) demonstrated that short hairpin RNA (shRNA) for HMGB1 ameliorated Aβ_25–35-treated neuroinflammation, including activation of advanced glycosylation end product-specific receptor (RAGE), toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB)-p65, as well as induced the release of inflammatory mediators such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin 1β (IL-1β), IL-6, and HMGB1 in primary hippocampal neurons and the culture supernatant. In addition, pretreatment with HMGB1-shRNA dramatically reduced both the degree of nuclear-cytoplasmic HMGB1 translocation of HMGB1 and NF-κB DNA binding. Together, the data indicate that HMGB1 mediates the pathogenesis of AD by activating RAGE/TLR4 signaling and that shRNA targeting HMGB1 may be a promising therapeutic strategy for treating AD.     

椎基底动脉迂曲扩张症的计算流体力学分析

目的 基于磁共振血管造影(MRA)的椎基底动脉迂曲扩张症(VBD)计算机流体力学分析。方法 选取2018年1月至2022年1月牡丹江医学院附属红旗医院诊断为VBD的40例患者,经MRI检查正常的40例患者图像。以椎基底动脉MRA图像构建椎基底动脉三维几何模型,分为VBD组与对照组,分析血流速度(V)、壁面剪切应力(WSS)及震荡剪切系数(OSI)。结果 VBD组V、WSS及OSI均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P <0.05)。在血流速度方面,高速血流集中于基底动脉及右侧大脑后动脉处。在WSS方面,VBD组高WSS位于右侧椎动脉、基底动脉、双侧大脑后动脉等大部分血管区域,以血管分叉处显著。在OSI方面,VBD组高OSI值以基底动脉末端至双侧大脑后动脉发出处明显,其余血管区域为波动性高OSI分布。结论 基于真实磁共振患者图像可建立三维个体化血管模型及进行血流动力学分析,获取VBD血流速度图、血管剪切应力云图及震荡剪切系数云图。建立VBD组及对照组模型,分析血流动力学发现,VBD组的基底动脉段具有高速血流、高WSS及高OSI,以末端显著,临床上应着重关注此区域。     

异钩藤碱调节EGFR/FAK信号通路对肝癌细胞增殖、迁移和5-FU耐药性的影响

目的 探讨异钩藤碱调节表皮生长因子受体（EGFR）/局部黏着斑激酶（FAK）信号通路对肝癌细胞增殖、迁移和5-氟尿嘧啶（5-FU）耐药性的影响。方法 取对数生长期的 HepG2 细胞,分为对照组,异钩藤碱低、中、高浓度（32.5、65.0、130.0 μmol·L^-1）组,异钩藤碱（130 μmol·L^-1）＋EGFR 激活剂 NSC228155（2 μmol·L^-1）组 ;对数生长期的 5-FU 耐药肝癌细胞系 HepG2/5-FU 分为对照组 、异 钩 藤 碱（ 130 μmol · L^-1 ）组 、5-FU（ 60 μmol · L^-1 ）组 、异 钩 藤 碱（ 130 μmol · L^-1）＋5-FU（60 μmol·L^-1）组、异钩藤碱（130 μmol·L^-1）＋5-FU（60 μmol·L^-1）＋NSC228155（2 μmol·L^-1）组。给药处理 24 h,对照组不给药。EdU 染色、CCK-8 检测 HepG2 或 HepG2/5-FU 细胞增殖;划痕实验检测 HepG2 或 HepG2/5-FU 细胞迁移;Westernblotting 检测细胞中细胞周期蛋白 D1（CyclinD1）、迁移侵袭增强子因子 1（MIEN1）、P-糖蛋白（P-gp）、p-EGFR、p-FAK蛋白表达。结果 与对照组相比,异钩藤碱低、中、高浓度组 EdU 阳性率、吸光度（A₄₅₀）值、划痕愈合率、CyclinD1、MIEN1、p-EGFR、p-FAK 蛋白表达显著降低,且呈浓度相关性（P＜0.05）;与异钩藤碱 130.0 μmol·L^-1组相比,异钩藤碱＋NSC228155 组 HepG2 细胞 EdU 阳性率、A₄₅₀ 值、划 痕 愈 合 率 、 CyclinD1、 MIEN1、 p-EGFR、 p-FAK 蛋 白 表 达 显 著 升高（P＜0.05）。与对照组相比,5-FU 组 HepG2/5-FU 细胞 EdU 阳性率、A₄₅₀值、划痕愈合率、P-gp、p-EGFR、p-FAK 蛋白表达显著降低（P＜0.05）;与异钩藤碱组、5-FU 组相比,异钩藤碱＋5-FU 组 HepG2/5-FU 细胞 EdU 阳性率、A₄₅₀值、划痕愈合率、P-gp、p-EGFR、p-FAK 蛋白表达降低（P＜0.05）;与异钩藤碱＋5-FU 组相比,异钩藤碱＋5-FU+NSC228155 组 HepG2/5-FU 细胞 EdU 阳性率、A₄₅₀值、划痕愈合率、P-gp、p-EGFR、p-FAK 蛋白显著上调（P＜0.05）。结论 异钩藤碱抑制 HepG2细胞增殖、迁移及降低 5-FU 耐药性的机制可能与阻断 EGFR/FAK 通路有关。     

酮咯酸氨丁三醇联合骶管阻滞超前镇痛对小儿包皮环切术患者术后镇痛效果的影响

目的:观察酮咯酸氨丁三醇联合骶管阻滞超前镇痛对小儿包皮环切术患者术后镇痛效果的影响。方法:选择我院择期拟行包皮环切术的患儿60例,随机分为酮咯酸氨丁三醇组(K组)、骶管阻滞组(D组)、酮咯酸氨丁三醇联合骶管阻滞组(KD组),每组20例。K组和KD组患儿于麻醉诱导前15 min静脉注射酮咯酸氨丁三醇0.5 mg·kg^-1。D组和KD组患儿术前行骶管阻滞麻醉,并于穿刺成功后一次性注入局麻药物0.8%利多卡因+0.25%罗哌卡因混合液1 ml·kg^-1。观察3组患儿术中体动、芬太尼和丙泊酚的使用情况、术后麻醉苏醒和麻醉苏醒后在麻醉后监测治疗室(PACU)的停留时间、术后补救镇痛情况和不良反应发生情况。结果:与K组相比,D组和KD组患儿术中体动发生率和术后布洛芬混悬液的服用率明显降低,术中芬太尼和丙泊酚的总用量明显减少,术后麻醉苏醒以及麻醉苏醒后在PACU的停留时间明显缩短(P<0.05)。D组布洛芬混悬液服用率明显高于KD组(P<0.05)。3组患儿术后均未见呼吸抑制、恶心、呕吐、瘙痒和尿潴留等不良反应的发生。结论:对于小儿包皮环切术患者,酮咯酸氨丁三醇联合骶管阻滞的术后镇痛效果确切且提供了高质量的术后苏醒。     

抑制活化素受体样激酶5对增生性瘢痕成纤维细胞中胶原蛋白沉积的影响

目的研究抑制活化素受体样激酶(ALK)5对增生性瘢痕成纤维细胞Ⅰ型胶原蛋白(COL1A2)和α-平滑肌肌动蛋白(α-SMA)表达的影响。方法手术取增生性瘢痕组织进行成纤维细胞体外原代培养,采用不同浓度(1、5、10μM)的ALK5抑制剂CP-639180对增生性瘢痕成纤维细胞干预3 h后,分别采用定量逆转录PCR和Western blot方法检测Ⅰ型胶原蛋白和α平滑肌肌动蛋白的表达。结果与对照组比较,ALK5抑制剂处理后,成纤维细胞中COL1A2的mRNA和蛋白含量均明显降低,且COL1A2的mRNA和蛋白水平与抑制剂的浓度呈反比(P<0.05,P<0.01)。同样,ALK5抑制剂在转录水平和蛋白翻译水平降低了瘢痕成纤维细胞中α-SMA的表达(P均<0.05)。结论应用小分子ALK5抑制剂CP-639180可以抑制增生性瘢痕成纤维细胞分泌Ⅰ型胶原蛋白和α-SMA,进一步抑制胶原纤维的合成,为增生性瘢痕治疗研究提供新的思路。     

一测多评法同时测定九味沉香胶囊中9种成分

目的建立一测多评法同时测定九味沉香胶囊(沉香、广枣、黄芪等)中沉香四醇、毛蕊异黄酮葡萄糖苷、芒柄花苷、毛蕊异黄酮、芒柄花素、木香羟内酯、去氢木香内酯、肉豆蔻木脂素、去氢二异丁香酚的含有量。方法该药物甲醇提取液的分析采用Agilent Zorbax SB-C₁₈色谱柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm);流动相[乙腈-甲醇(9∶1)]-0.1%甲酸,梯度洗脱;体积流量1.0 mL/min;柱温30℃;检测波长225、254、270 nm。以木香羟内酯为内标,计算其他8种成分的相对校正因子,测定含有量。结果 9种成分在各自范围内线性关系良好(r>0.999 0),平均加样回收率96.95%～100.12%,RSD 0.73%～1.51%。一测多评法所得结果与外标法接近。结论该方法简便准确,重复性好,可用于九味沉香胶囊的质量控制。     

The efficacy of transitional care services in patients with transient ischemic attack: A retrospective cohort study

Transient ischemic attack (TIA) carries a particularly high short-term risk of stroke, which is associated with brain dysfunction caused by a regional reduction in blood flow. Transitional care services present benefits in improving ischemic neurological function and decreasing the recurrence in patients with TIA. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of transitional care on clinical outcomes in patients hospitalized for TIA. We retrospectively collected data about 1288 patients with TIA from May 2017 to June 2019. Patients were divided into mild (n = 438), moderate (n = 420) and severe group (n = 430) accessed by age, blood pressure, type of TIA, and duration (ABCD₂) score. Participants were patients hospitalized due to TIA, assigned to transitional care (n = 643) or usual care (n = 645), and followed up for 24 months. Physical function of patients was evaluated using the 6-minute walk test. We evaluated patient reach, implementation using hospital quality measures, hospital-level sustainability physical function, ischemic neurological score, composite quality indicator score, and recurrence of TIA between transitional care or usual care group. TIA patients in transitional care group had better physical function and quality indicator score, lower ischemic neurological score and recurrence of TIA, and shorter hospital stay than patients in usual care group. Results demonstrated that transitional care significantly improved the patients’ satisfaction compared to usual care. Patients in mild, moderate, and severe group presented more benefits than usual care clinical outcomes in patients hospitalized for TIA. Transitional care is associated with better functional status for patients with TIA.