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21.
Marked Suppression of T Cells by a Benzothiophene
Derivative in Patients with Human T-Lymphotropic Virus Type
I-Associated Myelopathy/Tropical Spastic Paraparesis 下载免费PDF全文
Masahiko Makino Miyuki Azuma Shin-Ichi Wakamatsu Yukio Suruga Shuji Izumo Mitchel M. Yokoyama Masanori Baba 《Clinical and Vaccine Immunology : CVI》1999,6(3):316-322
In a search for new anti-autoimmune agents that selectively
suppress activation of autoreactive T cells, one such agent,
5-methyl-3-(1-methylethoxy)benzo[b]thiophene-2-carboxamide
(CI-959-A), was found to be effective. This compound, which is known to
suppress tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α)-induced CD54 expression,
inhibited the primary proliferative response of the T cell to antigen
(Ag)-presenting cells (APCs) including allogenic dendritic cells (DCs),
autologous Epstein-Barr virus-infected B cells, and human T
lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I)-infected T cells. Autoreactive T
cells from patients with HTLV-I-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic
paraparesis (HAM/TSP) spontaneously proliferate in vitro, and their
activation is reported to be associated with CD54 expression. The
spontaneous proliferation of T cells from patients with HAM/TSP was
entirely blocked by CI-959-A. However, in this study, the T-cell
proliferation in 15 patients with HAM/TSP was found to depend more
extensively on major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II and CD86
than on CD54 Ags. Since most important APCs for the development of
HAM/TSP are DCs and HTLV-I-infected T cells, the effect of CI-959-A on
DC generation and on the expression of surface molecules on activated T
cells is examined. CI-959-A suppressed recombinant
granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF)- and
recombinant interleukin-4-dependent differentiation of DCs from
monocytes and inhibited the expression of CD54 and, more extensively,
MHC class II and CD86 Ags. CI-959-A showed little toxicity toward
lymphoma or HTLV-I-infected T-cell lines or toward monocytes and
cultured DCs. These results suggest that CI-959-A might be a potent
anti-HAM/TSP agent.Human T lymphotropic virus type I
(HTLV-I)-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP)
is thought to be an autoimmune disease induced by HTLV-I infection
(8, 9, 24). The T lymphocytes obtained from patients with
HAM/TSP patients produce interleukin-2 (IL-2) in vivo and proliferate
spontaneously in vitro without any additional stimuli or cytokines
(35). This spontaneous proliferation of T lymphocytes (SPL)
depends on the interaction of T cells with antigen (Ag)-presenting
cells (APCs) such as dendritic cells (DCs) (17, 25) and
HTLV-I-infected CD4+ T cells (15, 32). The DCs
localized in the blood and nonlymphoid organs are considered to be
functionally immature, in that they are optimized for the uptake and
processing of Ag but not for the initiation of primary T-cell
responses. However, after the uptake of Ag and exposure to inflammatory
agents including tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and IL-1, the
DCs undergo a process of maturation and gain the ability to present Ag
to T cells for their priming (22, 26). In addition to DCs,
HTLV-I-infected CD4+ T cells directly stimulate autologous
CD4+ T cells in a major histocompatibility complex (MHC)
class II- and CD86 molecule-dependent fashion (32). Among
the T cells stimulated with these APCs, some might cross-react with
self Ags and closely associate with the development of HAM/TSP.We have been searching for compounds that inhibit the cellular
interaction between APCs and T cells to suppress the activation of
autoreactive and Ag-specific T cells. The molecules associated with the
APC-T cell interaction may provide an effective target for therapy for
autoimmune diseases. Binding of APCs and T cells is initiated by
contact of adhesion molecules, such as CD54 and CD11a/CD18, expressed
on both cells, and induction of sustained proliferation of T cells
requires two independent signals provided by APCs: a T-cell
receptor-mediated Ag-specific signal and a signal mediated by
costimulatory molecules (CSMs) (10, 20) including CD86 and
CD58 Ags (1, 11, 31). Blocking of their tight binding
through adhesion molecules or interaction of the CSMs with CSM ligands
effectively suppressed the abnormal expansion of disease-associated T
cells in vivo and in vitro (19, 30, 32) and sometimes
effectively induced a long-term unresponsiveness of T cells to recall
stimuli.5-Methyl-3-(1-methylethoxy)benzo[b]thiophene-2-carbox-amide
(CI-959-A) is known to inhibit CD54 expression, and its derivative is
reported to inhibit casein kinase II (4). In the present
study, we found that CI-959-A markedly suppressed SPL in patients with
HAM/TSP. Furthermore, the compound suppressed the primary T-cell
proliferative response to stimuli provided by various APCs, the
differentiation of immature DCs from monocytes and their subsequent
maturation, and the induction of expression of MHC class II, CD54, and
CD86 Ags on activated CD4+ T cells. 相似文献
22.
Yasuhiko Kano Miyuki Akutsu Saburo Tsunoda Koyoshi Mori Kenichi Suzuki Ken-Ichi Adachi 《Cancer chemotherapy and pharmacology》1998,42(2):91-98
Paclitaxel and irinotecan are important new anticancer agents. The combination of these two agents has been considered for
use against a variety of advanced solid tumors. Since the schedule-dependent effects of this combination may be crucial to
its use, we studied the interaction of paclitaxel and SN-38 (the active metabolite of irinotecan) in various schedules in
four human cancer cell lines in culture. Cell growth inhibition after 5 days was determined using an MTT assay. The effects
of drug combinations at the IC80 level were analyzed by the isobologram method. Simultaneous exposure to paclitaxel and SN-38 for 24 h produced antagonistic
(subadditive and protective) effects in the human lung cancer cell line A549, the breast cancer cell line MCF7, and the colon
cancer cell line WiDr, and produced additive effects in the ovarian cancer cell line PA1. Sequential exposure to paclitaxel
for 24 h followed by SN-38 for 24 h, and the reverse sequence, produced additive effects in all four cell lines. These findings
suggest that sequential administration, not simultaneous administration, may be the appropriate schedule for the therapeutic
combination of paclitaxel and irinotecan. Continued preclinical and clinical studies should provide further insights and assist
in determining the optimal schedule for this combination in clinical use.
Received: 25 February 1997 / Accepted: 6 November 1997 相似文献
23.
24.
Yosuke Ando Takahiro Hayashi Kaori Ito Eri Suzuki Naoyuki Mine Ayumi Miyamoto Miyuki Oya Hidezo Matsuda Ami Isaji Toru Nakanishi Kazuyoshi Imaizumi Tomoyuki Shibata Tatsuyoshi Okada Kazuo Sakurai Kensei Naito Ichiro Uyama Kenji Kawada Hiroshi Takahashi Shigeki Yamada 《Supportive care in cancer》2016,24(2):871-878
25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
Daisuke Chujo Kunimasa Yagi Akimichi Asano Hiroaki Muramoto Satoko Sakai Akitsu Ohnishi Miyuki Shintaku-Kubota Hiroshi Mabuchi Masakazu Yamagishi Junji Kobayashi 《Hypertension research》2007,30(12):1205-1210
Hypertension contributes to the occurrence and progression of cardiovascular diseases. The angiotensin II type 1 receptor blocker telmisartan is reported to activate the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma and improve insulin sensitivity. We investigated the effects of telmisartan treatment on visceral fat, serum adiponectin and vascular inflammation markers in Japanese hypertensive patients. This was an open-label, non-controlled study. Twenty-eight essential hypertensive patients (22 men and 6 women; age 60.6+/-1.9 years; body mass index [BMI] 25.5+/-0.6 kg/m(2)) participated. Fat area was assessed with computerized tomography. All the subjects were started on telmisartan 40 mg/day, which was increased to 80 mg/day to achieve the blood pressure target of less than 130/80 mmHg. We assessed the visceral and subcutaneous fat areas, serum adiponectin levels, and vascular inflammation markers at baseline and 24 weeks of telmisartan treatment. There were significant reductions in visceral fat area (from 103.1+/-7.9 to 93.3+/-8.4 cm(2), p<0.01) and pulse wave velocity (from 1,706+/-52 to 1,587+/-51 cm/s, p<0.01) at 24 weeks. In contrast, significant increases in serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (from 5.06+/-0.15 to 5.32+/-0.13 mmol/L, p<0.05) and adiponectin levels (from 8.27+/-0.76 to 9.13+/-0.81 microg/mL, p<0.05) were observed. Also, there were reductions in the interleukin-6 level (from 2.26+/-0.27 to 1.60+/-0.14 pg/mL, p<0.01). We also conducted these investigations in male subjects alone and similar findings were obtained for all of these parameters. In conclusion, telmisartan treatment was associated with an improvement of vascular inflammation, reductions in visceral fat and increases in serum adiponectin. 相似文献
30.
Taurine in the mammalian cerebellum: Demonstration by autoradiography with [3H]taurine and immunocytochemistry with antibodies against the taurine-synthesizing enzyme, cysteine-sulfinic acid decarboxylase 下载免费PDF全文
Victoria Chan-Palay Chin-Tarng Lin Sanford Palay Miyuki Yamamoto Jang-Yen Wu 《Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America》1982,79(8):2695-2699
Taurine neurons and their dendrites and axons were visualized in the mammalian cerebellum by autoradiography, after in vivo injections of [3H]taurine directly into the cerebellar cortex or deep cerebellar nuclei, and by immunocytochemistry at the light- and electron-microscope levels with antibodies against cysteine-sulfinic acid decarboxylase (CSADCase; L-cysteine-sulfinate carboxylyase, EC 4.1.1.29). Uptake and sequestration of [3H]taurine labeled numerous Purkinje cell somata, primary dendrites, and axons; many granule cell somata, dendrites, and parallel fibers; stellate, basket, and Golgi cells; the larger neurons in all deep cerebellar nuclei; the largest neurons in the lateral vestibular nucleus; and, more rarely, Purkinje cell axonal terminals in the neuropil. The label at all sites was diminished by preinjection into the cerebellum of hypotaurine, p-chloromercuriphenylsulfonic acid, or β-alanine, and was virtually eliminated by strychnine. Immunocytochemical labeling with polyclonal antibodies directed against CSADCase, the enzyme responsible for the synthesis of hypotaurine from cysteine sulfinic acid and taurine from cysteic acid, had a similar distribution. In electron micrographs, immunoreactivity within Purkinje cell somata and dendrites was localized to the Golgi apparatus, the inner plasma membrane, and condensed nonmembranous foci (120 nm in diameter) marked by clumps of peroxidase reaction product. Large Nissl bodies were usually not CSADCase immunoreactive. Numerous immunoreactive granule cells, dendrites, and parallel fibers were recognized. Pretreatment of the animals with colchicine increased the intensity of CSADCase immunoreactivity but did not change the number or distribution of labeled cells. These experiments indicate that taurine is synthesized and involved in a specific uptake process by cerebellar neurons. Neuroglial cells do not synthesize taurine but some neuroglia take up [3H]taurine. These findings call for a reexamination of the physiological function of taurine in the cerebellum. A hypothesis is proposed that taurine may be involved in the regulation of calcium, in dendritic spike generation, and in the inhibition of impulse propagation in major Purkinje cell dendrites. 相似文献