光动力学疗法与局部化疗联合治疗进展期食管贲门癌

作应用光动力学疗法（ＰＤＴ）对进展期食管贲门癌５５例进行治疗，并对其中１５例联合应用内镜下局部注射抗癌药物。对每一患均先静脉滴注血卟啉衍生物（ＨＰＤ）５ｍｇ／ｋｇ，于用药后２４，４８和７２ｈ分别用波长６３０ｎｍ的铜蒸汽激光照射肿瘤部位。联合治疗组除ＰＤＴ治疗外，于每次光照前肿瘤局部注射５－Ｆｕ２５０～５００ｍｇ。结果：联合治疗组的近期显效率高于单纯ＰＤＴ组（Ｐ〈０．０５）。病例随访６～１６月，     

Clinical diagnosis of trauma from occlusion and its relation with severity of periodontitis

The purpose of the present study was to determine the reliability of several selected signs of trauma from occlusion and their relations with severity of periodontitis. 32 moderate to advanced chronic periodontitis patients participated in the study. All teeth present were evaluated for various abnormal occlusal contacts, signs of trauma from occlusion, and the severity of periodontitis. Standardized periapical radiographs were also taken for each tooth. The results demonstrated that: (1) no significant difference occurred in probing pocket depth (PD), clinical attachment loss (AL), or percentage of alveolar bone height (BH) between teeth with and without various abnormal occlusal contacts, i.e., premature contacts in centric relation occlusion, non-working contacts in lateral excursions, premature contacts of anterior teeth or posterior protrusive tooth contacts; (2) teeth with either significant mobility, functional mobility, or radiographically widened periodontal ligament space (PDLS) had deeper PD, more AL and lower BH than teeth without these signs, while teeth with pronounced wear or radiographically thickened lamina dura had less AL than teeth without these findings; (3) 2 combined indices, i.e., the trauma from occlusion index (TOI) and the adaptability index (AI), were proposed for the identification of occlusal trauma and the response of periodontium to excessive biting forces in heavy function, respectively; TOI-positive teeth exhibit deeper PD, more AL and less osseous support than TOI-negative teeth; however, AI-positive teeth had less AL and more osseous support than AI-negative teeth; (4) with identical attachment level, TOI-positive teeth had less osseous support than TOI-negative teeth while the magnitude of difference became greater with an increase of attachment loss.     

VEGF和p53在胰腺癌中的表达及意义

目的　探讨胰腺癌组织中血管内皮生长因子 (VEGF)及p5 3蛋白的表达及其临床病理意义。方法　采用SP免疫组织化学方法 ,对 46例胰腺癌组织中VEGF及 p5 3蛋白的表达进行检测。结果　VEGF与 p5 3表达率分别为 65 .2 %和 5 8.7%。p5 3表达与VEGF表达呈明显正相关(P <0 .0 5 )。VEGF表达与胰腺癌淋巴结转移 (P <0 .0 5 )和远处转移 (P <0 .0 1)显著相关 ,而与肿瘤大小 ,病理学分级无关 ,p5 3表达与胰腺癌远处转移 (P <0 .0 5 )显著相关 ,而与肿瘤大小 ,病理学分级及淋巴结转移无关。结论　在胰腺癌中 ,VEGF表达与 p5 3蛋白的表达呈正相关 ,在胰腺癌的转移中起重要作用     

替牙(牙合)时期前牙反(牙合)矫治中弓丝弯制的探讨

目的　探讨在“2× 4”矫治技术中弓丝弯制的方法及原理。方法　替牙牙合时期前牙反牙合患者 2 4例 ,使用粗弓丝 ,在其弓丝上弯制各种曲形 ,并根据不同错牙合类型 ,处理各种曲与牙齿、带环关系 ,防止出现磨牙旋转移动等异常。结果　 2～ 6个月纠正反牙合 ,2 4例替牙牙合时期反牙合患者得以早期矫治。结论　本方法矫治时间短 ,效果明显 ,操作简单 ,能够达到较为理想的矫治效果     

温针灸治疗颞下颌关节功能紊乱病36例

目的:比较温针灸与口服西药治疗颞下颌关节功能紊乱病的疗效。方法:治疗组36例取下关、牵正、颊车、阿是穴、合谷(双)行温针灸,对照组口服地西泮、吲哚美辛。结果:治疗组治愈率80·6%、总有效率100%,对照组治愈率40·6%、总有效率78·1%,两组有非常显著性差异(P<0.01)。结论:温针灸治疗颞下颌关节功能紊乱病方法简单,疗效显著。     

苯丙胺急性中毒患者的急救及护理

笔总结了2000年5月-2002年3月收治的9例口服苯丙胺中毒患救护成功的体会。（1）及早，彻底，反复洗胃，有效清除消化吸收的毒物，洗胃过程中做好安全约束措施，使洗胃能顺利完成，对中毒较深的病人结合床边血液透析，以提高疗效。（2）迅速建立静脉通路，合理使用安定，利尿剂，激素，加强对症处理。（3）严密观察病情变化，保持呼吸道通畅。（4）做好基础护理，安全保护及心理护理，9例患均治愈出院。     

健康教育在糖尿病病人中的应用

目的：通过对患者在住院过程中的系统教育，使患者了解自己疾病的知识，提高患者对糖尿病的认知水平和自我管理能力，养成良好的健康行为和生活方式，从而提高生活质量。方法：采用集体、个体、自学等形式进行教育。结果：通过培养，患者掌握了一些基本的操作技能，明显缩短了住院日，同时激发了护士与患者学习专业知识的热情，减少或延缓了并发症的发生。结论：①健康教育是一个护患双边活动过程。②通过教育，可不断提高护士的自身修养和专业知识水平。③健康教育是糖尿病患者学习糖尿病知识，提高自我护理能力的有效途径。     

A multivariate study of protective effects of Zn and Cu against nephrotoxicity induced by cadmium metallothionein in rats.

Factorial experimental design was used to study the protective effects of Zn and Cu on cadmium-metallothionein(CdMT)-induced nephrotoxicity in male Wistar rats. In the factorial design two levels of Zn (0 and 25 mg/kg body weight), two levels of Cu (0 and 12.5 mg/kg), and two levels of CdMT (0.1 and 0.4 mg of Cd/kg) were used as varied factors. The factorial design was complemented with a center point with all three variables at an intermediate setting, i.e., Zn at 12.5 mg/kg, Cu at 6.25 mg/kg, and CdMT at 0.25 mg Cd/kg. Each of the nine combinations of settings was administered to one of nine groups with six rats in each. Zn and Cu were injected sc 24 hr prior to the injection of CdMT. The concentrations of protein and Ca in urine and Ca in renal cortex were used as effects. The relationship between the experimental design settings and the effects were modeled with multiple regression. The multiple regression analysis revealed that for the high dose of CdMT (i) the enhanced values of protein in urine caused by CdMT injection could be more efficiently reduced by Zn than by Cu, and (ii) excessive Ca in urine and renal cortex could be more efficiently reduced by Cu than by Zn. No significant synergism or antagonism between Cu and Zn was found. These models can be used to estimate the dose levels of Zn and Cu which will reduce the toxic effects of CdMT. The treatment of 20.4 mg/kg Zn, for example, will reduce the effects of 0.4 mg Cd/kg as CdMT on protein in urine, and 2.8 mg/kg Cu will reduce the Ca in urine to the levels of those caused by 0.25 mg Cd/kg (no Zn and Cu). Similarly, the effect of 0.4 mg Cd/kg on Ca level in renal cortex can be reduced to that of 0.28 mg Cd/kg as CdMT by 7.98 mg Cu/kg, which is three times as efficient as Zn. The obtained results might be of importance in understanding the mechanism of cadmium toxicity and the potential risk to the health of the population exposed to cadmium occupationally or environmentally.