抑癌基因P16在膀胱移行细胞癌中的表达及临床意义

目的　探讨抑癌基因P16蛋白在膀胱移行细胞癌中的表达。方法　采用S -P放射免疫法检测 3 2例膀胱移行细胞癌、10例正常膀胱粘膜中P16蛋白的表达。结果　 3 2例膀胱移行细胞癌中 ,P16蛋白表达总阳性率为 40 .63 % ;在膀胱移行细胞癌Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ级中分别为 63 .64 %、3 3 .3 3 %、2 5 .0 0 %。P16蛋白表达的阳性率随病理分级增高而降低 ,Ⅰ级与Ⅱ级、Ⅲ级比较差异无显著性 (P >0 .0 5 )。结论　P16蛋白检测有助于对膀胱移行细胞癌的诊断 ;P16蛋白的缺失与膀胱移行细胞癌的发生、发展和预后有关。     

思维的非演绎方法在歌唱中的运用

从非演绎方法入手,从分析与综合、归纳与概括、类比与联想三个方面联系歌唱的思维过程,论述非演绎思维方法在歌唱过程中的运用。思维的非演绎方法贯穿于歌唱的全过程,它们之间存在着紧密的联系。掌握思维的非演绎方法对于歌唱水平的提高有积极的促进作用。     

CT导引下胸部病变穿刺活检不同方法的临床探讨

目的探讨胸部病变穿刺活检联合同轴针吸对提高阳性率减少并发症的价值。方法回顾性分析CT导引下106例胸部病变三种不同穿刺方法的阳性率及并发症。结果单纯针吸组32例,检出恶性病变23例,良性4例,阳性率为84.3%,并发症为15.6%;单纯活检组27例,检出恶性病变15例,良性7例,阳性率为81.5%,并发症为48.1%;活检同轴针吸组47例,检出恶性病变28例,良性15例,阳性率91.5%,并发症为29.7%。结论活检联合同轴针吸是提高阳性率减少并发症的较好的活检方法,它既弥补了活检的缺点,又集中了针吸的优点,是值得推广的活检方法。     

氯胺酮脑保护作用的可能机制

众多研究显示，氯胺酮对脑缺血缺氧性损伤具有保护作用。主要通过调节神经细胞凋亡；与NMDA受体结合，抑制兴奋性氨基酸毒性及钙离子内流；抑制炎性因子生成和蛋白激酶表达等几个方面发挥脑保护作用。     

朱砂对大鼠的肝肾毒性研究

目的:研究朱砂的肝、肾毒性特点,提出朱砂安全用药剂量和用药时间建议,为朱砂的临床安全用药提供科学依据.方法:小鼠单次灌胃给药,测定最大耐受量.采用SD大鼠随机分为对照组和朱砂0.025,0.05,0.1,0.4,0.8 g·kg-1·d~(-1)(相当于《中国药典》剂量高限的1/2,1,2,8,16倍)剂量组.各剂量组均每日灌胃给药1次,连续3个月,于给药后1,2,3个月和停药1个月,测定尿液定性、血常规以及血清生化指标,并观察肝、肾、心、脑等主要脏器的组织形态学变化,确定无明显不良作用水平(NOAEL).结果:朱砂在HgS为98%、可溶性汞为21.5μg·g~(-1)情况下,给小鼠单次灌胃给药最大耐受量达到24g·kg~(-1)(等于摄入可溶性汞516μg·kg~(-1)),相当于人日用量约3 000倍,未见明显毒性反应.朱砂超过一定剂量用药达到1个月以上,肾脏和肝脏均可见与朱砂毒性有关的病理改变,其中,肾脏对朱砂更为敏感.大鼠灌胃朱砂1个月和3个月的无明显毒性剂量分别为0.1,0.05 g·kg~(-1)·d~(-1)(累积摄入可溶性汞64.5,96μg·kg~(-1)).按照安全系数为60计算出人服用朱砂的日允许摄入量(acceptable daily intake,ADI)约为0.000 9～0.001 7 g·kg~(-1)·d~(-1),相当于60 kg人日用剂量为0.05～0.1 g.结论:反复使用朱砂时,建议在可溶性汞含量≤21 μg·g~(-1)的条件下,朱砂的用药剂量不宜超过0.05～0.1 g,用药时间不宜超过2周.     

Enhancement of Viability of Fat Grafts in Nude Mice by Endothelial Progenitor Cells

BACKGROUND: A recent discovery showed that endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) could augment collateral vessel growth to ischemic tissues. OBJECTIVE: The objective was to demonstrate the effects of EPCs on the vasculogenesis and survival of free transplanted fat tissues in nude mice. METHODS: EPCs from human donors were cultured in vitro for 7 days. Human fat tissues were injected subcutaneously into the scalps of 20 6-week-old nude male mice. EPCs stained with CM-DiI were mixed with the transplanted fat tissues and injected into the mice. EBM-2 medium was used as control group. The animals were euthanized 15 weeks after the procedure. Graft volume were measured, and histologic evaluation was performed. The central part of fat tissues was histologically evaluated 15 weeks after the fat injection. RESULTS: The survival volume of the experimental group was significantly greater than that of the control group (p< .05). Less cyst formation and fibrosis was obtained in the experimental group. Histologic evaluation of the central part of fat tissues 15 weeks after the fat injection showed that capillary densities increased markedly in the experimental group mice. CONCLUSION: The results indicate that EPCs have the ability to enhance the survival and the quality of the transplanted fat tissues.     

Emergency endovascular repair of iliac artery rupture caused by post-stenting angioplasty with an endograft

I liac artery rupture is a rare complication of post-stenting angioplasty and can lead to massive life-threatening haemorrhage. Conventional surgery can not repair the damaged vessel easily and may cause substantial blood loss and high operative morbidity and mortality. We report our experience with a self-expanding covered endoprosthesis for endovascular repair of the rupture of an iliac artery caused by stenting angioplasty.     

输尿管镜气压弹道碎石治疗输尿管结石（附32例报告）

目的 总结输尿管镜气压弹道碎石治疗输尿管结石的临床效果。方法 回顾分析32例应用输尿管镜气压弹道碎石治疗输尿管结石患者资料。男10例，女22例；平均年龄29岁。结石位于输尿管下段24例，中段6例。上段2例。其中行原位体外冲击波碎石（ESWL）治疗后结石未能排出者8例。结果 碎石成功率90．6％（29／32）。2例因输尿管异常置镜失败，转开放性手术；1例输尿管穿孔后留置双J管，择期行ESWL治疗成功。B超显示肾积水较术前减轻或消失，KUB、IVP未发现输尿管狭窄。结论 输尿管镜气压弹道碎石治疗输尿管结石创伤小、成功率高、并发症少。     

下颌第一磨牙三维有限元模型的建立

目的：建立下颌第一磨牙三维有限元模型。方法：通过螺旋CT扫描的方法，利用Mimics、Geomagic Studio 7等图像处理软件，HyperMesh网格自动划分软件，通过特定的MSC．MARC有限元软件建立下颌第一磨牙三维有限元模型。结果：准确的建立了牙本质、牙釉质、髓腔、牙槽骨、牙周膜等组织形态的三维有限元模型。结论：本实验建模方法可行性强，方便快捷，具有良好的生物力学与几何力学相似性。为临床口腔医师提供了一种简捷而精确的有限元建模方法。     

噻吗洛尔与普萘洛尔治疗高血压病与心绞痛的疗效比较

劳累性心绞痛38例采用噻吗洛尔2.5-5mg, tid,共4wk;另12例采用普萘洛尔10-20mg, tid,共4wk。结果:前者显效率为79％,显著高于后者42％(P<0.05)。高血压病(Ⅰ,Ⅱ期)37例采用噻吗洛尔治疗,方法同上;另13例采用普萘洛尔20-40mg, tid,疗程亦4wk。结果:2组均有显著降压疗效(P<0.01),噻吗洛尔治疗后1h即获显效,普萘洛尔须24h才获显效。噻吗洛尔7％(5/75)、普萘洛尔4％(1/25)治疗后发生窦性心动过缓,前者被迫停药,后者未停药。