胃癌患者术前应用含ω-3不饱和脂肪酸的肠内营养制剂的临床效果观察

目的探讨术前应用含ω-3不饱和脂肪酸的肠内营养制剂对胃癌患者营养状况和炎症因子水平的影响,并对其进行安全性评价。方法前瞻性纳入2014年1~6月期间四川大学华西医院收治的60例胃癌患者,随机分为试验组(30例)和对照组(30例)。试验组术前以含ω-3不饱和脂肪酸的营养制剂(瑞能)作为肠内营养制剂,对照组进食等热卡等氮的均浆膳,术前均连续服用5 d,至术前1 d。检测患者入院时、术前1 d、术后3 d及术后5 d血清中的炎症因子指标和营养相关指标,检测患者入院时和术前1 d的肝肾功能指标以作为安全性评价指标;记录患者呕吐、腹泻等不良反应,以及术后感染相关并发症的发生情况。结果术后3 d试验组患者的白介素-6(IL-6)和α-1酸性糖蛋白(AAG)水平均低于对照组(P<0.05),术后5 d试验组的C反应蛋白(CRP)水平低于对照组(P<0.05),其余各时点2组患者的各指标比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。在肠内营养支持期间,试验组患者发生腹胀1例,腹泻1例,对照组患者未出现腹胀、腹泻等不适。2组患者的不良反应发生率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。术后试验组发生切口感染1例(3.3%);对照组发生切口感染3例(10.0%),腹腔感染1例(3.3%),尿路感染1例(3.3%),肺部感染2例(6.7%),共计7例(23.3%)。2组患者的腹腔感染、切口感染、尿路感染及肺部感染发生率比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),但试验组的总并发症发生率低于对照组(P=0.026)。结论术前应用含ω-3不饱和脂肪酸的营养制剂降低了胃癌患者术后的感染并发症发生率,且安全性较高。     

新冠肺炎疫情下艾灸防治帕金森病的临床应用分析＊

帕金森病（Parkinson''s disease，PD）是仅次于阿尔茨海默病的世界第二大神经系统退行性疾病，随着老龄化社会的到来，PD患病率呈明显上升趋势。全球爆发的新型冠状病毒肺炎（简称新冠肺炎）是一种急性传染性疾病，严重威胁人们的身体健康和生命安全。PD患者大多为老年人且合并有基础疾病，体质普遍较弱，是新冠肺炎的易感人群，一旦染病则发展为重症的风险很高。中医艾灸疗法在治疗PD及防治疫病方面发挥了很好的辅助治疗效果。通督扶阳灸法联合强壮穴艾灸治疗，既可以帮助PD患者改善临床症状，延缓病情进展，又可以提高机体免疫功能，增强抗病能力而防治新冠肺炎。     

大病保险对我国中老年人家庭灾难性卫生支出影响实证分析

目的:考察大病保险对我国中老年人家庭灾难性卫生支出的影响,为完善我国大病保险制度提供建议。方法:以中国健康与养老追踪调查数据库(2011年与2015年)中45岁及以上的城乡中老年人家庭作为研究对象,利用描述性统计法和两部模型法分析大病保险对我国中老年人家庭灾难性卫生支出的影响。结果:目前的大病保险政策从总体上降低了中老年人家庭灾难性卫生支出的发生率,但没有显著降低其发生强度。结论:目前的大病保险并未达到其预期的效果,只是解决了"面"的问题,从总体上降低了灾难性卫生支出发生的可能性,但并没有解决"点"的问题,没有有效降低其大额的医疗卫生支出进而减少其医疗经济负担。建议各地各级政府相关部门应进一步完善大病保险制度,从而真正有效减轻居民重大疾病医疗经济负担。     

The Relationship between College Graduate’s Dual Self-Consciousness and Job Search Clarity: The Mediating Role of Perceived Stress

The aim of the study was to explore the relationship between college graduates’ dual self-consciousness, job search clarity and perceived stress, and reveal the mediating role of perceived stress between dual self-consciousness and job search clarity. In this study, 467 college graduates were investigated using the Dual Self-Consciousness Scale, Job Search Clarity Scale, and Perceived Stress Scale. After controlling for gender, age, and region, the results revealed that: (1) private self-consciousness has a significant positive predictive effect on job search clarity; (2) perceived stress has a significant negative predictive effect on job search clarity; (3) perceived stress plays partial mediation effects between private self-consciousness and job search clarity; (4) perceived stress plays complete mediation effects between public self-consciousness and job search clarity; (5) perceived stress has suppressing effects between public self-consciousness and job search clarity.     

Feasibility of monitoring peripheral blood to detect emerging clones in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia†

Relapse‐enriched somatic variants drive drug resistance in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. We used digital droplet‐based polymerase chain reaction to establish whether relapse‐enriched mutations in emerging subclones could be detected in peripheral blood samples before frank relapse. Although limitations in sensitivity for some probes hindered detection of certain variants, we successfully detected variants in NT5C2 and PRPS1 at a fractional abundance of 0.005% to 0.3%, 41 to 116 days before relapse. As mutations in both these genes confer resistance to thiopurines, early detection protocols using peripheral blood could be implemented to preemptively alter maintenance therapy to extinguish resistant clones before overt relapse.     

Histomorphologic Characterization of Noncarious and Caries-Affected Dentin/Adhesive Interfaces

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to compare the dentin/adhesive interfacial characteristics when bonding to noncarious as well as caries-affected dentin. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Seven extracted, unerupted, third molars were sectioned into halves. Artificial caries was created on one-half of each tooth, leaving the other half as a control. Dentin surfaces were treated with UNO adhesive according to the manufacturer's instructions for the wet-bonding technique and under environmental conditions present in the oral cavity. Dentin/adhesive interface sections of each half-tooth were stained with Goldner's trichrome, a classic bone stain, and examined using light microscopy. The width of exposed collagen was measured directly from photomicrographs, and adhesive penetration was analyzed qualitatively. RESULTS: The degree and extent to which the adhesive encapsulated the demineralized dentin matrix were reflected in the color difference in the stained sections with the noncarious dentin sections showing a degree of collagen encapsulation superior to that of the caries-affected dentin sections. The overall mean widths of exposed collagen were significantly (p < or = .05) greater at the caries-affected dentin/adhesive interface, 8.6 (1.7) microm, as compared with those at the noncarious dentin/adhesive interface, 6.0 (1.5) microm. CONCLUSIONS: The morphologic characteristics of the caries-affected dentin/interface suggest an increase in the exposed collagen zone and a decrease in the quality of the adhesive infiltration when compared with noncarious dentin. The evidence suggests that dentin substrate characteristics have a significant effect on the dentin/adhesive interface structure.     

Ligustrazine inhibits high voltage-gated Ca~(2+) and TTX-resistant Na~+ channels of primary sensory neuron and thermal nociception in the rat:a study on peripheral mechanism

Objective Ligustrazine, also named as tetramethylpyrazine, is a compound purified from Ligusticum chuanxiong hort and has ever been testified to be a calcium antagonist. The present investigation was to determine the antinoci-ceptive effect of ligustrazine and, if any, the peripheral ionic mechanism involved. Methods Paw withdrawal Latency ( PWL) to noxious heating was measured in vivo and whole-cell patch recording was performed on small dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons. Results Intraplantar injection of ligustrazine (0.5 mg in 25μl) significantly prolonged the withdrawal latency of ipsilateral hindpaw to noxious heating in the rat. Ligustrazine not only reversibly inhibited high-voltage gated calcium current of dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neuron in dose-dependent manner with IC50 of 1.89 mmol/L, but also decreased tetrodotoxin (TTX) -resistant sodium current in relatively selective and dose-dependent manner with IC50 of 2.49 mmol/L. Conclusion The results suggested that ligustrazine could elevate the threshold of thermal nociception through inhibiting the high-voltage gated calcium current and TTX-resistant sodium current of DRG neuron in the rat.     

肝撞击伤后腹腔镜二氧化碳气腹对胃血流量影响的实验研究

目的 探讨肝撞击伤后腹腔镜CO2气腹状态下胃血流量的变化及胃粘膜组织病理学变化。方法 建立肝撞击伤动物模型，按从股动脉抽血量的不同（6、12ml／kg）以及CO2气腹压力的不同（5、10、15mmHg），将45只新西兰兔随机分为6组（Ⅰ～Ⅵ）。采用彩色微球法检测气腹前、气腹30分钟、气腹2小时以及撤去气腹后30分钟共4个时相点的胃血流量的变化，并在实验结束后取胃黏膜作病理检查。结果当失血达6ml／kg、CO2气腹压力达5mmHg，气腹2小时以及撤去气腹后30分钟的胃血流量较气腹前呈明显下降；当失血达6ml／kg、CO2气腹压力达10mmHg、在气腹30分钟以及气腹2小时时胃血流量呈显著下降（P〈0．05），当撤去气腹后胃血流量逐渐恢复正常。当失血量达6ml／kg和12ml／kg，CO2气腹压力在10mmHg时，虽然气腹30分钟，胃血流量无显著下降（P〉0．05），但6ml／kg组胃血流量在气腹2小时时则显著下降（P〈0．05），撤去气腹后胃血流量逐渐恢复。而当失血达6ml／kg和12ml／kg，CO2气腹压力达15mmHg时，胃血流量在气腹30分钟时即显著下降（P〈0．05）。当失血量相同，在不同的CO2气腹压力下，胃血流量在气腹30分钟时均无显著差别（P〉0．05）。本组胃组织病理学显示，胃缺血后胃黏膜间质呈现明显水肿，并伴有大量炎性细胞浸润。结论肝撞击伤后，在CO2气腹状态下胃血流量的变化受失血量、气腹压力以及气腹持续时间3因素的影响较大。胃血流量减少均导致各组胃黏膜的病理学改变。