超声引导经皮穿刺活检与CA19-9联合检测对胰腺占位性病变的诊断价值

目的 :探讨超声引导下经皮穿刺活检与CA19 9联合检测对胰腺占位性病变的诊断价值。　方法 :对 30例超声检查怀疑胰腺占位性病变者行血清学CA19 9检测 ,并在体表B超引导下 ,用 18G或 19G切割活检针和 2 2G抽吸活检针行组织学和细胞学检查。　结果 :CA19 9诊断的敏感性为 92 % ,特异性 5 0 % ,准确性 92 %。超声引导经皮穿刺活检 30例患者总穿刺成功率为 93.3% (2 8/ 30 ) ,2 6例胰腺癌患者穿刺成功率为 92 .3% (2 4 / 2 6 ) ,活检阳性者 2 3例 ,其诊断敏感性为 88.4 % ,特异性 10 0 % ,准确性 88.4 %。CA19 9与超声引导经皮穿刺活检联合检测对胰腺占位性病变诊断的敏感性为 92 .3%、特异性 10 0 %、准确性 92 .3% ,与单行超声引导经皮穿刺活检比较有显著差异 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,而且对患者的治疗及预后有指导意义。穿刺结束后除个别患者有轻微腹痛外 ,无一例出现出血、胰瘘及胃穿孔等并发症。　结论 :体表B超引导下经皮穿刺与CA19 9联合检测对胰腺占位性病变诊断的敏感性、特异性、准确性较单一检测高 ,而且对患者的治疗及预后有一定价值 ,是一种安全、可靠的方法。     

Immunogenicity study of low-dose administration of hepatitis B virus vaccine in newborn infants: A cost reduction trial

Different doses of hepatitis B virus vaccine—prepared by Korea Green Cross Corporation, were given to healthy infants born to HBsAg-negative mothers at birth, 1 and 6 months of age. A dose of 2 μg was administered intradermally in Group A and, in the three other groups, the vaccine was given intramuscularly (i.m.). An adequate follow-up observation was possible for 9 months after birth in 22, 25, 23 and 21 infants in Groups A, B, C and D, respecvely.
Group C (5 μg, i.m.) produced seroconversion most rapidly, showing the highest rate (96%) at 9 months of age. The lowest seroconversion rate (5%) was found at the age of 1 month in Group A subjects, but the rate increased to 91% after a booster dose was given at 6 months of age.
While it can be concluded that a 5 μg i.m. dose of vaccine at 0, 1 and 6 months of age is optimum for the immunization of infants in efficacy and economy, a 2 μg intradermal dose can also be considered as an immunogenic and economical regimen, though the immune response is slower and a special technique is required for immunization.     

艾滋病的检测技术及其研究进展

艾滋病自1981年发现以来就成为全球关注的热点问题,目前尚无安全有效的临床治疗方法,所以防治的主要手段仍以预防为主.血清免疫学实验依然是实验室诊断HIV的主要依据.笔者着重从血清学检测、病原检测和免疫学检测等方面,介绍了实验室检测HIV抗体的血清学方法,以及新近发展的HIV P24抗原测定、核酸检测、生物芯片技术和评价免疫功能的CD4细胞计数方法.本文总结了近年来国内外有关艾滋病的各种检测技术及其研究进展.     

出国务工妇女细菌性阴道病调查结果分析

目的:了解细菌性阴道病在延边地区出国务工妇女中的流行情况。方法:用改良多胺法对延边地区586名出国务工妇女进行细菌性阴道病(BV)检测,同时用常规方法进行滴虫、霉菌检查。结果:586份阴道分泌物标本中,检出BV(+)275例,总阳性率为46.9%,其中单纯BV(+)242例(41.3%)、BV合并滴虫(+)8例(1.3%)、BV合并霉菌(+)25例(4.3%);按年龄分组,33～35岁组BV阳性率最高,为60.3%,≤20岁组最低,为20.0%。结论:延边地区出国务工妇女细菌性阴道病患病率较高,居该人群各种阴道感染的首位,无民族差异(χ2=0.22,P>0.05),但年龄差异显著(χ2=28.72,P<0.05)。因此,建议在出国体检中常规开展BV检查,以便及时发现和治疗,控制疾病传播范围。     

云南罗平医院PM调查的分析与对策

文章以云南罗平医院为研究对象,调查了65名一般员工和21名科主任级中层领导,使用PM量表对该医院的高层及中层领导行为进行评估,对情景因素与领导行为的内在联系进行探讨,并提出改进对策。目的是了解员工需求,促进人力资源合理配置,从而提高医院的管理水平。     

多西他赛联合照射对人胃癌裸鼠移植瘤生物效应的实验研究

目的:观察多西他赛对人胃癌裸鼠移植瘤的放射增敏作用和多西他赛联合放射对肿瘤细胞凋亡的影响。方法:建立人AGS胃癌裸鼠移植瘤动物模型28只,随机分为4组:对照组、单纯照射组、单纯多西他赛组、多西他赛 照射组。测量各组移植瘤体积,计算各组抑瘤率,评价多西他赛的放射增敏效果,并对标本进行光镜观察及原位末段标记(TUNEL)检测。结果:28只裸鼠的成瘤率为100%,实验期间无死亡,比较各组移植瘤体积差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。各组抑瘤率分别为单纯照射组36.4%,单纯多西他赛组44.2%,多西他赛 照射组86.9%。多西他赛对放射治疗的增敏值(enhancement factor,EF)值为1.5。多西他赛 照射组的平均凋亡指数(AI)为(15.6±2.3)%,与其它各组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论:多西他赛对人AGS胃癌裸鼠移植瘤有良好的放射增敏作用,多西他赛联合放疗能更有效地诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡。     

宫腔镜辅助射频消融术治疗功能失调性子宫出血患者的护理

对126例功能失调性子宫出血患者在宫腔镜辅助下行射频消融治疗,结果治疗后3个月后复查,治愈79例(62.7%),有效28例(22.2%),好转17例(13.5%),无效2例(1.6%).提出术前做好患者的心理护理及物品和阴道准备工作,术中、术后密切观察病情,保持会阴部清洁,注意阴道流血情况,认真讲解术后复查的时间及注意事项,有利于提高手术疗效,促进术后康复.     

上唇短缩畸形的手术治疗

目的 针对微笑时鼻唇部出现上唇上提并短缩,鼻小柱下方褶沟,上唇牙龈外露等现象,探讨一种治疗上唇短缩畸形的手术方法.方法 采用经口或鼻前庭切口,将鼻小柱根部鼻中隔降肌肌纤维切断及部分切除,并广泛剥离使上唇下降.结果 共为27例上唇短缩畸形患者进行手术治疗.其中9例采用了双侧鼻小柱外侧与前庭基底贯穿切口,18例采用了上唇唇龈沟切口.通过手术,患者获得微笑时上唇中部适度降低,鼻小柱下方褶沟变浅或消失,上唇牙龈外露消失的效果.6例患者还在手术矫正上唇动态短缩畸形的同时,实施了鼻整形术.通过手术可矫正鼻唇牙龈部的综合动态缺陷,获得满意的美学效果.结论 手术方法治疗上唇短缩畸形,可改善患者微笑时的表情,是值得推广的治疗方法.     

不同浓度5-溴脱氧尿嘧啶核苷标记山羊骨髓基质干细胞的体外研究

Objective To explore the feasibility of labeling and tracing in vitro goat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) by bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) on the basis of investigation of its optimal concentration, incubating time and cytotoxicity. Methods A healthy goat, aged 10 months old, male, weighing 32 kg, was used in this study. Bone marrow was aspirated. BMSCs were isolated and cultured using the adherence method in vitro. The fourth passage of BMSCs (P4) were incubated with BrdU at 5, 10, 15, 20 μmol/L as 5, 10, 15, 20 μmol/L BMSC groups. Cells were not labeled by BrdU as negative control. The following parameters were measured: induction, differentiation and determination of goat BMSCs; the optimal mass concentration and incubation time of 5-BrdU labeling; cell positive rate at 12, 24, 48 and 72 hours in each group using immunofluoreseenee; the cell survival rate after various concentrations of BrdU ladling by trypan-blue exclusion. Results The morphology of the primary and passage goat BMSCs was fusiform in shape. Goat BMSCs could differentiate into osteoblasts and chondrocytes following induction. BMSC nucleus showed green fluorescence under fluorescence microscope after being labeled by BrdU. The mean labeling rate increased with the increase in the concentration and incubation time of BrdU, and reached to (93.32± 3.25)% after incubation in 15 μmol/L, BrdU for 48 hours. There were no significant differences between 15 μmol/L BrdU for 72 hours, 20 μmol/L BrdU for 48 hours and 72 hours (P > 0.05), or between the other groups or time points (P < 0.05). The labeling rate of the blank control group was 0. The cell survival rate was all above 90% (P > 0.05). Conclusions BrdU can be used as a labeling marker for goat BMSCs. When the concentration is 15 μmol/L and the incubation time is 48 hours, the optimal labeling effect can be achieved. Goat BMSCs labeled with BrdU is of high efficiency and safety.     

参芪扶正注射液对多柔比星致家兔心肌和免疫功能损伤的保护作用

目的观察参芪扶正注射液对多柔比星（阿霉素ADM）导致家兔心肌和免疫功能损伤的保护作用。方法对照组和参芪组家兔各10只，分别以ADM10mg／kg从兔耳静脉输注，2周后重复一次（共两次），同时，对参芪（治疗）组每只兔给予腹腔灌注参芪扶正注射液100ml，每周1次，连续4周，而对照组则以等量生理盐水作腹腔灌注。第5周测定外周血心肌酶谱（CK、CK—MB、AST、LDH、CRP）和免疫功能指标（NK活性和TH／TS比例）。结果参芪组较对照组心肌酶谱（CK、CK—MB、AST、LDH）指标明显为低，P值分别为0．000、0．002、0．033、0．008，参芪组免疫功能指标则高于对照组，NK活性和TH／TS比值分别为P=0．013和P=0．004。结论参芪扶正注射液对ADM导致家兔心肌和免疫功能损伤有明显的保护作用。