玻璃体内注射庆大霉素致视网膜损伤的实验研究Ⅰ．组织病理学观察

为探讨庆大霉素对视网膜的毒性作用和评估玻璃体内注射庆大霉素的安全剂量，采用眼底镜观察及光镜、电镜技术对注射５种不同剂量庆大霉素的青紫蓝兔视网膜标本进行观察。结果：３０００μｇ庆大霉素注射后眼底表现为视盘水肿，后极部视网膜大片坏死，镜下视网膜组织形态严重破坏；５０～５００μｇ剂量注射引起后极部视网膜色素改变，组织损伤早期局限在视网膜内层，晚期全层受累。提示庆大霉素对视网膜的损伤程度随注入剂量增加而加重，即使５０μｇ的微小剂量仍可产生视网膜损伤。     

广东省梅县乡(镇)卫生院卫生人力资源的现状调查分析

乡(镇)卫生院是农村三级医疗预防保健网的中心环节,是我国农村实现“2000年人人享有卫生保健”的关键。本文通过对广东省梅县乡(镇)一级卫生院卫生人力状况的调查分析,结果表明,目前该县乡镇卫生院的机构稳定,卫技人员占编比例合理,年龄较轻,成为今后农村卫生院发展的优势。但存在着卫生技术人员的总体数量不足,素质较差,各类专业技术人员的构成比例失调和层次分布不合理等问题,同时提出了如何加以改善的对策措施。     

宝鸡市城市饮用水与人群健康效应的调查研究

本文通过对宝鸡市居民饮自来水和自备井水的人群进行了回顾性和前瞻性调查分析，结果发现，饮自来水与饮未经处理自备井水明显的差异。即调查组（饮自来水）肠道传染病发病率为４．２２％和６．８２％，对照组（饮自备井水）发病率为７．７１％和１１．５６％经卡方检验Ｐ＜０．０５，差异有显著性。从发病病种来看，调查组和对照组均以腹泻为主，其次为痢疾和肝炎，发病率分别是：腹泻，调查组为３５．５９‰和６３．００‰，对照组     

双光气对大鼠肺损伤的研究

研究了双光气染毒后不同时间大鼠支气管肺泡灌洗液（ＢＡＬＦ）成分及肺形态学改变。结果表明，双光气染毒后，ＢＡＬＦ成分的变化程度与肺形态改变密切相关ＢＡＬＦ成分分析可作为动物实验中探测双光气所致肺损伤的有力手段。     

Modified Scleral Flap Incision to Reduce Corneal Astigmatism after Intraocular Lens Implantation

To investigate a simple method during extracapsular cataract extraction with posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation in order to reduce surgically induced corneal astigmatism.Methods: A modified scleral flap incision was used in the extracapsular cataract extraction with intraocular lens implantation and the postoperative changes in conreal astigmatism was observed.Results: The peak value of postoperative corneal astigmatism was 3. 60 D, and the corneal astigmatism regression was 2. 11 D, surgically induced astigmatism was less significant in modified scleral flap incision group than that in conventional limbal incison group (P<0. 05).Conclusions: The modified scleral flap incision is an ideal incision for cataract extraction with intraocular lens implantation when phacoemulsifier is not available. Eye Science 1995; 11-. 136-139.     

天然水中三卤甲烷前体活性结构的研究

通过实验证实，可用腐植酸（ＨＡ）代表天然水中三卤甲烷（ＴＨＭｓ）的前体。单一模拟化合物（含一个活性空位碳原子的间苯二酚，三个活性空位碳原子的间苯三酚，及甲基酮类化合物的丙酮酸钠）氯化后氯信形成的规律与氯化ＨＡ的不一致。而间苯二酚与丙酮酸钠的混合物（１：４Ｗ／Ｗ）能很好地反映出ＨＡ中活性结构的特性。为今后研究ＴＨＭｓ的形成提供了一个可资定量比较的ＴＨＭｓ前体。     

Evidence that [3H]-alpha,beta-methylene ATP may label an endothelial-derived cell line 5'-nucleotidase with high affinity.

1. In membranes prepared from a permanent cell line of endothelial origin (WEC cells), [3H]-alpha, beta-methylene ATP ([3H]-alpha, beta-meATP) labelled high (pKd = 9.5; Bmax = 3.75 pmol mg-1 protein) and low (pKd = 7.2; Bmax = 23.3 pmol mg-1 protein) affinity binding sites. The high affinity [3H]-alpha, beta-meATP binding sites in the WEC cell membranes could be selectively labelled with a low concentration of the radioligand (1 nM). In competition studies performed at a radioligand concentration of 1 nM, 88.6% of the sites possessed high affinity (pIC50 = 8.26) for alpha, beta-meATP. 2. The high affinity [3H]-alpha, beta-meATP binding sites appeared heterogeneous since in competition studies a number of nucleotide analogues (alpha, beta-meADP, ATP, ADP, AMP, GTP, GppNHp, GMP) and adenosine identified two populations of the sites labelled by 1 nM [3H]-alpha, beta-meATP. The proportion of sites with high affinity for these compounds was found to vary between 42 and 69%. 3. Approximately 60-69% of the binding sites labelled with 1 nM [3H]-alpha, beta-meATP possessed high affinity for alpha, beta-meADP (pIC50 = 8.87), AMP (pIC50 = 7.12), GMP (pIC50 = 7.34), UTP (pIC50 = 6.12), GTP (pIC50 = 7.59), GppNHp (pIC50 = 7.35) and adenosine (pIC50 = 5.45).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

抗莱氏支原体单克隆抗体的研制

通过细胞融合技术，筛选出ＭＡＬ－１和ＭＡＬ－２两株抗莱氏支原体（Ａ．Ｌａｉｄｌａｗｉｉ，Ａ．Ｌ）单克隆抗体（单抗）。通过ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＥ和Ｗｅｓｔｅｒｎ印迹法测得单抗相对应的抗原分子量均为６７．４６ｋｕ。用间接免疫荧光法（ＩＦＡ）检测，单抗与细胞培养中另外３种常见污染的支原体和呼吸道肺炎支原体无交叉反应。将单抗用于检测支原体污染的细胞培养物，结果表明，此单抗能特异性地检出莱氏支原体。故可用其推断支原体污染途径，便于制定防治措施。     

健康人血清叶酸和维生素B_(12)水平的测定

本文对14岁以下健康小儿171名,成人30名及初生儿脐带血30份进行了血清叶酸和维生素B_(12)含量测定,171名小儿于采血前均经补足叶酸和维生素B_(12)。结果:血清叶酸(nmol/L)的正常值低限,<4岁者为6.1,4～14岁为8.4,成人为5.0;血清维生素B_(12)(pmol/L)的正常值低限,<1岁为459,1岁～成人为107。     

大黄总甙、大黄素和番泻甙对小鼠离体肠管葡萄糖转运电位的影响

本实验采用记录翻转小肠和结肠囊葡萄糖转运电位的方法,来研究大黄泻下作用的有效成分大黄总甙、大黄素和番泻甙对小肠及结肠囊跨肠壁电应差的变化,发现上述成分可阻止葡萄糖和Na~+的转运,这一结果为进一步阐明大黄泻下作用的原理提供新的理论依据。