全文获取类型
收费全文 | 2033篇 |
免费 | 151篇 |
国内免费 | 8篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 27篇 |
儿科学 | 113篇 |
妇产科学 | 38篇 |
基础医学 | 331篇 |
口腔科学 | 38篇 |
临床医学 | 142篇 |
内科学 | 460篇 |
皮肤病学 | 62篇 |
神经病学 | 65篇 |
特种医学 | 49篇 |
外科学 | 186篇 |
综合类 | 106篇 |
现状与发展 | 1篇 |
一般理论 | 1篇 |
预防医学 | 147篇 |
眼科学 | 57篇 |
药学 | 192篇 |
中国医学 | 13篇 |
肿瘤学 | 164篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 11篇 |
2022年 | 16篇 |
2021年 | 81篇 |
2020年 | 41篇 |
2019年 | 50篇 |
2018年 | 81篇 |
2017年 | 38篇 |
2016年 | 74篇 |
2015年 | 60篇 |
2014年 | 92篇 |
2013年 | 124篇 |
2012年 | 158篇 |
2011年 | 178篇 |
2010年 | 116篇 |
2009年 | 61篇 |
2008年 | 114篇 |
2007年 | 106篇 |
2006年 | 99篇 |
2005年 | 91篇 |
2004年 | 97篇 |
2003年 | 76篇 |
2002年 | 67篇 |
2001年 | 28篇 |
2000年 | 48篇 |
1999年 | 37篇 |
1998年 | 17篇 |
1997年 | 10篇 |
1996年 | 15篇 |
1995年 | 16篇 |
1994年 | 3篇 |
1993年 | 6篇 |
1992年 | 23篇 |
1991年 | 24篇 |
1990年 | 12篇 |
1989年 | 15篇 |
1988年 | 17篇 |
1987年 | 16篇 |
1986年 | 12篇 |
1985年 | 7篇 |
1984年 | 5篇 |
1983年 | 5篇 |
1982年 | 6篇 |
1981年 | 4篇 |
1979年 | 7篇 |
1978年 | 7篇 |
1976年 | 3篇 |
1975年 | 4篇 |
1973年 | 3篇 |
1971年 | 3篇 |
1970年 | 2篇 |
排序方式: 共有2192条查询结果,搜索用时 203 毫秒
51.
J H Clorius J Allenberg T Hupp L G Strauss P Schmidlin G Irngartinger R Wagner C Mukhopadhyay 《Hypertension》1987,10(3):280-286
Functional omicron-iodohippurate scintigrams were obtained in 18 hypertensive patients. Each patient was examined in the prone position and during exercise. An exercise-induced transient, bilateral, hippurate transport disturbance was sought as an expression of an exercise-mediated cortical perfusion abnormality. The study sought to test the hypothesis that patients who present evidence for an exercise-induced renal perfusion disturbance would have stabilized hypertension that was no longer surgically curable because of morphological changes of the peripheral vasculature. All 18 patients continued on to therapy: 13 proceeded to renovascular reconstructive surgery, 2 had a unilateral nephrectomy, and 3 were treated with percutaneous transluminal renal angioplasty. During preoperative exercise renography, evidence of bilateral renal dysfunction developed in 10 of 18 hypertensive patients during ergometric stress (abnormal exercise response). Following surgical therapy nine of these patients with abnormal exercise scintigrams continued to have hypertensive disease, while one patient was cured. The exercise renograms of eight hypertensive patients were not influenced by the exercise protocol, and operation cured seven of these eight patients. The results suggest that an accentuated vascular response to exercise occurs in the maintenance phase of renovascular hypertension, a disturbance not observed while the hypertension is curable by surgical therapy. 相似文献
52.
Francis Dziva Heidi Hauser Thomas R. Connor Pauline M. van Diemen Graham Prescott Gemma C. Langridge Sabine Eckert Roy R. Chaudhuri Christa Ewers Melha Mellata Suman Mukhopadhyay Roy Curtiss III Gordon Dougan Lothar H. Wieler Nicholas R. Thomson Derek J. Pickard Mark P. Stevens 《Infection and immunity》2013,81(3):838-849
Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) causes respiratory and systemic disease in poultry. Sequencing of a multilocus sequence type 95 (ST95) serogroup O1 strain previously indicated that APEC resembles E. coli causing extraintestinal human diseases. We sequenced the genomes of two strains of another dominant APEC lineage (ST23 serogroup O78 strains χ7122 and IMT2125) and compared them to each other and to the reannotated APEC O1 sequence. For comparison, we also sequenced a human enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC) strain of the same ST23 serogroup O78 lineage. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that the APEC O78 strains were more closely related to human ST23 ETEC than to APEC O1, indicating that separation of pathotypes on the basis of their extraintestinal or diarrheagenic nature is not supported by their phylogeny. The accessory genome of APEC ST23 strains exhibited limited conservation of APEC O1 genomic islands and a distinct repertoire of virulence-associated loci. In light of this diversity, we surveyed the phenotype of 2,185 signature-tagged transposon mutants of χ7122 following intra-air sac inoculation of turkeys. This procedure identified novel APEC ST23 genes that play strain- and tissue-specific roles during infection. For example, genes mediating group 4 capsule synthesis were required for the virulence of χ7122 and were conserved in IMT2125 but absent from APEC O1. Our data reveal the genetic diversity of E. coli strains adapted to cause the same avian disease and indicate that the core genome of the ST23 lineage serves as a chassis for the evolution of E. coli strains adapted to cause avian or human disease via acquisition of distinct virulence genes. 相似文献
53.
Sean P. Saunders Christabelle S.M. Goh Sara J. Brown Colin N.A. Palmer Rebecca M. Porter Christian Cole Linda E. Campbell Marek Gierlinski Geoffrey J. Barton Georg Schneider Allan Balmain Alan R. Prescott Stephan Weidinger Hansjörg Baurecht Michael Kabesch Christian Gieger Young-Ae Lee Roger Tavendale Somnath Mukhopadhyay Stephen W. Turner Vishnu B. Madhok Frank M. Sullivan Caroline Relton John Burn Simon Meggitt Catherine H. Smith Michael A. Allen Jonathan N.W. N. Barker Nick J. Reynolds Heather J. Cordell Alan D. Irvine W.H. Irwin McLean Aileen Sandilands Padraic G. Fallon 《The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology》2013
54.
Anthony D. Nehlsen Kunal K. Sindhu Erin Moshier John P. Sfakianos Richard G. Stock 《Brachytherapy》2021,20(2):296-301
PurposeRectal hydrogel spacers have been shown to decrease rectal radiation dose and toxicity. In this study, we compared prostate and rectal dosimetry and acute toxicity outcomes in patients who had and had not received a rectal hydrogel spacer prior to combination therapy with external beam radiotherapy and low-dose-rate brachytherapy.Materials and MethodsAll patients with intermediate-risk and high-risk prostate cancer who received combination therapy at our institution were identified between 2014 and 2019. Dosimetric outcomes of brachytherapy implants and quality of life (QOL) outcomes were compared between patients who had and had not received a hydrogel spacer.ResultsA Total of 168 patients meeting our inclusion criteria were identified. Twenty-two patients had received a rectal hydrogel spacer, among whom the mean separation between the rectum and prostate was 7.5 mm, and the V100rectum was reduced by 47% (0.09 cc vs. 0.17 cc, p = 0.04). There was no difference in the percentage of patients achieving a D90 of ≥100 Gy between those who had and had not received a spacer. The mean rate of change in I-PSS and SHIM scores did not differ between the two groups at 2 months after PID.ConclusionLDR brachytherapy appears feasible after the placement of a rectal hydrogel spacer. While there was a significantly reduced V100rectum among patients who had received a hydrogel spacer, there was no statistically significant difference in patients achieving a D90prostate of ≥100 Gy. Although there was no difference appreciated in QOL scores, the length of follow-up was limited in the rectal-spacer group. 相似文献
55.
Arpita Kulshrestha Vasundhra Bhandari Rupkatha Mukhopadhyay V. Ramesh Shyam Sundar Louis Maes Jean Claude Dujardin Syamal Roy Poonam Salotra 《Parasitology research》2013,112(2):825-828
Simple, cost-effective approach for routine surveillance of parasite susceptibility to antileishmanial drug miltefosine (MIL) is highly desirable for controlling emergence of drug resistance in visceral leishmaniasis (VL). We validated a simple resazurin-based fluorimetric assay using promastigotes to track natural MIL tolerance in Leishmania donovani parasites from VL cases (n?=?17) against standard amastigote assay, in two different labs in India. The inter-stage MIL susceptibility correlated strongly (r?=?0.70, p?=?0.0018) using J774.A.1 macrophage cell line-based amastigote assay and fluorescence-based resazurin assay for promastigotes. Investigation of inter-stage MIL susceptibility for the same set of clinical isolates in another lab also showed a strong correlation (r?=?0.72, p?=?0.0012) using mouse peritoneal macrophages for amastigote assay and resazurin-based alamar blue assay for promastigotes. Additionally, parasites from post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis (PKDL) lesions (n?=?7, r?=?0.78, p?=?0.046) and MIL-induced parasites (r?=?0.92, p?=?0.0001; n?=?3) also exhibited a strongly correlated inter-stage miltefosine susceptibility. Thus, our results support the utility of resazurin assay as a simplified biological tool for MIL susceptibility monitoring in clinical isolates from MIL-treated VL/PKDL patients. 相似文献
56.
57.
Mark Achtman introduced the term “genetically monomorphic bacteria” (GM bacteria) for some human and plant pathogens. They displayed a great uniformity in terms of their “genetic” properties. This “uniformity” poses a challenge to microbiologists. To address these problems, we used CodonW and IslandViewer 3 as analytical tools and took Escherichia coli, Salmonella, and Shigella strains as a model organisms. We hypothesized that GM bacterium contains a common molecular signature among them. We have found a significant correlation regarding the number of protein-coding genes, predicted highly expressed genes, and the highest length of gene in this regard. On the other hand, the correspondence analysis of pathogenicity-related genes identified by IslandViewer 3 displayed a somewhat unique pattern in GM bacteria. The probable pathogenic genes are clustered into two separate groups, which is a hallmark of some pattern. Similar genes of non-monomorphic pathogenic strain clustered almost similarly, but the clusters are joined together, they are not completely separated. These features, in our considered view, may be considered as codon usages signatures of these bacteria, and E. coli in particular. 相似文献
58.
59.
In order to develop effective laser-based therapeutics, the extent of laser-induced damage must be quantified for given laser parameters. Therefore, we want to determine the spatiotemporal expression patterns of heat shock proteins, both to understand the roles of heat shock proteins in laser-induced tissue damage and repair and to develop heat shock proteins as tools to illustrate the extent of laser-induced damage and wound healing following irradiation. We exposed anesthetized mice to the focused beam of a short-pulse Nd:YAG laser (1064 nm; 200 ns pulsewidth) for 15 s, while measuring temperature distribution in the skin using an infrared thermal camera. Following irradiation, we examined expression of HSP47 and HSP70 over time (0–24 h) as indicators of the heat shock response and recovery from damage in the laser-irradiated region. Expression patterns of HSP70 and HSP47 as detected by immunohistochemistry and confocal microscopy delineate the extent of damage and the process of healing in tissue. Both HSP70 and HSP47 were expressed in dermis and epidermis following laser irradiation, and the spatial and temporal changes in HSP expression patterns define the laser-induced thermal damage zone and the process of healing in tissues. HSP70 may define biochemically the thermal damage zone in which cells are targeted for destruction, and HSP47 may illustrate the process of recovery from thermally induced damage. Studying the effects of different laser parameters on the expression of HSPs will allow development of effective laser therapies that provide accurate and precise tissue ablation and may promote rapid wound healing following laser-based surgery. 相似文献
60.
Sushant P. Sahu Qianglin Liu Alisha Prasad Syed Mohammad Abid Hasan Qun Liu Maria Ximena Bastidas Rodriguez Orna Mukhopadhyay David Burk Joseph Francis Supratik Mukhopadhyay Xing Fu Manas Ranjan Gartia 《Biomedical optics express》2021,12(1):604
We utilized collagen specific second harmonic generation (SHG) signatures coupled with correlative immunofluorescence imaging techniques to characterize collagen structural isoforms (type I and type III) in a murine model of myocardial infarction (MI). Tissue samples were imaged over a four week period using SHG, transmitted light microscopy and immunofluorescence imaging using fluorescently-labeled collagen antibodies. The post-mortem cardiac tissue imaging using SHG demonstrated a progressive increase in collagen deposition in the left ventricle (LV) post-MI. We were able to monitor structural morphology and LV remodeling parameters in terms of extent of LV dilation, stiffness and fiber dimensions in the infarcted myocardium. 相似文献