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61.
Constantinos Nastos Antonios Vezakis Ioannis Papaconstantinou Theodosios Theodosopoulos Vassilios Koutoulidis George Polymeneas 《International journal of surgery case reports》2014,5(10):769-773
INTRODUCTION
Left-sided gallbladder is a rare anatomical variation. Usually it is discovered intra-operatively and is accompanied by anatomic variations that can prove quite challenging during laparoscopy.PRESENTATION OF CASE
From a total of almost 3000 laparoscopic cholecystectomies performed in our institution, two cases of left sided gallbladder were unexpectantly identified intraoperatively. There were no indications for the ectopy preoperatively. In both cases modifications of the standard laparoscopic technique were mandatory. They were performed safely with no post-operative complications. Modifications consisted of transposition of the subxiphoid entry port and alteration in the direction of traction of the rest of the graspers. A review of the literature for methods of safe laparoscopic cholecystectomy was conducted.DISCUSSION
The surgeon must be aware of the anatomic variances in the rare occasion of a left sided gallbladder, since preoperative diagnosis is very difficult.CONCLUSION
Knowledge of potential hazards and modifications of laparoscopic technique is mandatory in order to avoid complications. 相似文献62.
Thomas A. Forbes Alan R. Watson Aleksandra Zurowska Rukshana Shroff Sevcan Bakkaloglu Karel Vondrak Michel Fischbach Johan Van de Walle Gema Ariceta Alberto Edefonti Christoph Aufricht Augustina Jankauskiene Tuula Holta Mesiha Ekim Claus Peter Schmitt Constantinos Stefanidis European Paediatric Dialysis Working Group 《Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany)》2014,29(9):1617-1624
Background
There is increasing focus on the problems involved in the transition and transfer of young adult patients from paediatric to adult renal units. This situation was addressed by the 2011 International Pediatric Nephrology Association/International Society of Nephrology (IPNA/ISN) Consensus Statement on transition.Methods
We performed a survey of transition practices of 15 paediatric nephrology units across Europe 2 years after publication of the consensus statement.Results
Two thirds of units were aware of the guidelines, and one third had integrated them into their transition practice. Forty-seven per cent of units transfer five or fewer patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) stage 5 per year to a median of five adult centres, with higher numbers of CKD stages 2–4 patients. Seventy-three per cent of units were required by the hospital or government to transfer patients by a certain age. Eighty per cent of units commenced transition planning after the patient turned 15 years of age and usually within 1–2 years of the compulsory transfer age. Forty-seven per cent of units used a transition or transfer clinic. Prominent barriers to effective transition were patient and parent attachment to the paediatric unit and difficulty in allowing the young person to perform self-care.Conclusions
Whereas awareness of the consensus statement is suboptimal, it has had some impact on practice. Adult nephrologists receive transferred patients infrequently, and the process of transition is introduced too late by paediatricians. Government- and hospital-driven age-based transfer policies distract focus from the achievement of competencies in self care. Variable use of transition clinics, written patient information and support groups is probably due to economic and human-resource limitations. The consensus statement provides a standard for evolving and evaluating transition policies jointly agreed upon by paediatric and adult units. 相似文献63.
Constantinos J. Stefanidis Rukshana Shroff 《Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany)》2014,29(11):2093-2103
Encapsulating peritoneal sclerosis (EPS) is a rare but extremely serious complication of peritoneal dialysis (PD). While EPS has been well recognized in adults on long-term PD, and children can spend many years on PD before a transplant becomes available, only a small number of children with EPS have been described. Two European pediatric registries have recently reported on the prevalence, potential risk factors and outcomes of EPS in children. Although the prevalence of EPS is comparable to that published in adult registries, the outcome of pediatric EPS is significantly better and carries a lower mortality. All studies have shown a greater risk of EPS with a longer dialysis vintage, but it is not known why some individuals are susceptible to EPS development. In this review we discuss current views on the epidemiology, pathogenesis and management strategies for EPS. The hope of the authors is that this review will alert pediatric nephrologists to this rare but extremely serious complication of chronic PD. In the future, collaborative research and the establishment of a pediatric EPS registry may be of importance in helping pediatric nephrologists to recognize the early warning signs of EPS development and thereby to develop strategies for its prevention and optimal management. 相似文献
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65.
Eriketi Z. Loizidou Constantinos D. Zeinalipour‐Yazdi 《Chemical biology & drug design》2014,84(1):99-107
A computational procedure was developed to study the subunit‐specific interactions of the proteasome inhibitors argyrin A and F, with the aim of indentifying the determinants of subunit selectivity. Three‐dimensional models of humanized proteasome active sites β1, β2 and β5 were developed and subsequently used in molecular docking simulations with the argyrin analogues. The subunit selectivity exhibited by each analogue could be explained based on the site‐specific interactions and a probability‐based specificity parameter derived in this study. A rational approach that involved maximizing site‐specific interactions was followed to guide the design of new argyrin analogues as specific inhibitors of the caspase‐like (β1 site) activity. 相似文献
66.
Eirini Flouri Nikos Tzavidis Constantinos Kallis 《European child & adolescent psychiatry》2010,19(6):535-546
Few studies on resilience in young children model risk appropriately and test theory-led hypotheses about its moderation.
This study addressed both issues. Our hypothesis was that for preschool children’s emotional/behavioral adjustment in the
face of contextual risk protective factors should be located in the cognitive domain. Data were from the first two sweeps
of the UK’s Millennium Cohort Study. The final study sample was 4,748 three-year-old children clustered in 1,549 Lower layer
Super Output Areas in nine strata. Contextual risk was measured at both area (with the Index of Multiple Deprivation) and
family (with proximal and distal adverse life events experienced) level. Moderator variables were parenting, verbal and non-verbal
ability, developmental milestones, and temperament. Multivariate multilevel models—that allowed for correlated residuals at
both individual and area level—and univariate multilevel models estimated risk effects on specific and broad psychopathology.
At baseline, proximal family risk, distal family risk and area risk were all associated with broad psychopathology, although
the most parsimonious was the proximal family risk model. The area risk/broad psychopathology association remained significant
even after family risk was controlled but not after family level socioeconomic disadvantage was controlled. The cumulative
family risk was more parsimonious than the specific family risks model. Non-verbal ability moderated the effect of proximal
family risk on conduct and emotional problems, and developmental milestones moderated the effect of proximal family risk on
conduct problems. The findings highlight the importance of modeling contextual risk appropriately and of locating in the cognitive
domain factors that buffer its effect on young children’s adjustment. 相似文献
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69.
Kamtekar S Kennedy WD Wang J Stathopoulos C Söll D Steitz TA 《Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America》2003,100(4):1673-1678
Cysteinyl-tRNA synthetase is an essential enzyme required for protein synthesis. Genes encoding this protein have not been identified in Methanocaldococcus jannaschii, Methanothermobacter thermautotrophicus, or Methanopyrus kandleri. It has previously been proposed that the prolyl-tRNA synthetase (ProRS) enzymes in these organisms recognize either proline or cysteine and can aminoacylate their cognate tRNAs through a dual-specificity mechanism. We report five crystal structures at resolutions between 2.6 and 3.2 A: apo M. jannaschii ProRS, and M. thermautotrophicus ProRS in apo form and in complex with cysteinyl-sulfamoyl-, prolyl-sulfamoyl-, and alanyl-sulfamoyl-adenylates. These aminoacyl-adenylate analogues bind to a single active-site pocket and induce an identical set of conformational changes in loops around the active site when compared with the ligand-free conformation of ProRS. The cysteinyl- and prolyl-adenylate analogues have similar, nanomolar affinities for M. thermautotrophicus ProRS. Homology modeling of tRNA onto these adenylate complexes places the 3'-OH of A76 in an appropriate position for the transfer of any of the three amino acids to tRNA. Thus, these structures explain recent biochemical experiments showing that M. jannaschii ProRS misacylates tRNA(Pro) with cysteine, and argue against the proposal that these archaeal ProRS enzymes possess the dual capacity to aminoacylate both tRNA(Pro) and tRNA(Cys) with their cognate amino acids. 相似文献
70.