牙本质陶瓷粉、TGF-β、NCPs及复合材料直接盖髓后对牙髓细胞的促进作用

目的：观察牙本质陶瓷粉（ceramic dentin powder,CDP）、复合转化生长因子（transforming growth factors-TGF-β1）；复合非胶原蛋白（noncollagenous proteins,NCPs）及全复合后对修复性牙本质形成的作用。方法：用SD大鼠牙作直接盖髓实验，并用组织学方法评价每组材料对修复性牙本质形成的效果。结果：各组材料在不同时间对修复牙本质促进作用不同，实验组的作用明显优于对照组，实验组之间未见明显差异。结论：TGF－β1、NCPs对大鼠牙髓组织修复有明显的促进作用。     

The endodontic management of traumatized permanent anterior teeth: a review

Despite the many journal articles and reviews that have been published regarding the treatment of trauma to teeth, the endodontic management of these injuries is often still not fully understood. The purpose of this review is to establish clear and up-to-date guidelines for practitioners who are faced with treating dental injuries on a day-to-day basis, based on an assessment of current available scientific information relating to the endodontic management of these injuries.
Treatment is discussed under the headings: infractions, uncomplicated crown fractures, complicated crown fractures, crown-root fractures, root fractures, luxation injuries, avulsion, root resorption, pulp canal obliteration and open-apex teeth. Emphasis is placed on the treatment of traumatized immature teeth where maintenance of pulp blood supply is important to encourage continued development of the root system. Only the treatment of traumatized permanent anterior teeth is reviewed.
Information contained in this article is based on a review of the literature on dental trauma which involved a MEDLINE search using the key words "dental trauma" and the individual topics listed above. The guidelines produced by the International Association of Dental Traumatology, the American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry and the American Association of Endodontists were also reviewed and the recommendations contained in this paper are in concert with the major recommendations of these bodies.     

Circulating plasmablasts are elevated and produce pathogenic anti‐endothelial cell autoantibodies in idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension

Idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (IPAH) is a devastating pulmonary vascular disease in which autoimmune and inflammatory phenomena are implicated. B cells and autoantibodies have been associated with IPAH and identified as potential therapeutic targets. However, the specific populations of B cells involved and their roles in disease pathogenesis are not clearly defined. We aimed to assess the levels of activated B cells (plasmablasts) in IPAH, and to characterize recombinant antibodies derived from these plasmablasts. Blood plasmablasts are elevated in IPAH, remain elevated over time, and produce IgA autoantibodies. Single‐cell sequencing of plasmablasts in IPAH revealed repertoires of affinity‐matured antibodies with small clonal expansions, consistent with an ongoing autoimmune response. Recombinant antibodies representative of these clonal lineages bound known autoantigen targets and displayed an unexpectedly high degree of polyreactivity. Representative IPAH plasmablast recombinant antibodies stimulated human umbilical vein endothelial cells to produce cytokines and overexpress the adhesion molecule ICAM‐1. Together, our results demonstrate an ongoing adaptive autoimmune response involving IgA plasmablasts that produce anti‐endothelial cell autoantibodies in IPAH. These antibodies stimulate endothelial cell production of cytokines and adhesion molecules, which may contribute to disease pathogenesis. These findings suggest a role for mucosally‐driven autoimmunity and autoimmune injury in the pathogenesis of IPAH.     

In vitro study on the schedule-dependency of the interaction between pemetrexed, gemcitabine and irradiation in non-small cell lung cancer and head and neck cancer cells

Background  

Based on their different mechanisms of action, non-overlapping side effects and radiosensitising potential, combining the antimetabolites pemetrexed (multitargeted antifolate, MTA) and gemcitabine (2',2'-difluorodeoxycytidine, dFdC) with irradiation (RT) seems promising. This in vitro study, for the first time, presents the triple combination of MTA, dFdC and irradiation using various treatment schedules.