Discovery of a New Series of Naphthamides as Potent VEGFR-2 Kinase Inhibitors

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两例Y染色体部分缺失胎儿的产前诊断

目的对两例Y染色体部分缺失胎儿进行产前诊断。方法采用常规G显带及C显带技术分析胎儿及父亲的核型,采用荧光原位杂交(fluorescence in situ hybridization,FISH)、染色体拷贝数变异检测技术(copy number varaition sequencing,CNV-seq)性别决定基因(sex region of Y chromosome,SRY)检测技术及无精子因子(azoospermia factor,AZF)检测技术检测胎儿DNAO结果2例胎儿羊水染色体在320〜400条带水平均提示46,XN,del(Y)(qll.2),Y染色体着丝粒探针FISH检测结果均提示Y染色体数目未见异常。2例胎儿父亲外周血染色体核型均未见明显异常。胎儿羊水DNA拷贝数检测提示一例胎儿Y染色体q 11.221-ql2处缺失12.88 Mb,涉及全部AZFb+AZFc区域;另一例胎儿Y染色体qll.21-ql2处缺失14.84 Mb,涉及全部AZF区域。2例胎儿羊水SRY基因检测提示SRY基因阳性,SKY基因编码区未检测到已报道的致病点突变。2例胎儿基因检测提示存在AZF部分或全部缺失。结论联合多种技术有助于明确诊断Y染色体结构异常。CNV-seq检测有利于快速筛查胎儿Y染色体微缺失,可做为对染色体核型分析的补充和验证的方法。     

ANXA1拮抗IL-1β导致的胰岛β细胞功能损伤的机制

目的探究ANXA1拮抗IL-1β引起的胰岛β细胞功能缺陷的作用及机制.方法将ANXA1基因插入pCMV-HA载体中,构建ANXA1过表达质粒,将其转染入小鼠胰岛β细胞系βtc-6细胞后,用IL-1β处理上述细胞,借助于MTT、葡萄糖刺激的胰岛素分泌实验(GSIS)等方法研究ANXA1对胰岛β细胞的保护作用.结果IL-1β导致胰岛β细胞ANXA1表达降低,同时出现胰岛β细胞存活率下降以及胰岛素合成和分泌量减少;而过表达ANXA1可拮抗上述现象的发生.结论ANXA1保护胰岛β细胞免受IL-1β造成的细胞凋亡增加与功能下降.     

胫后动脉穿支蒂隐神经营养血管皮瓣修复腔隙性踝关节感染创面的临床应用

目的 探讨应用胫后动脉穿支蒂隐神经营养血管皮瓣治疗腔隙性踝关节感染创面的临床疗效。方法 回顾性研究。纳入2009年7月-2015年5月唐山市第二医院手二科采用胫后动脉穿支蒂隐神经营养血管皮瓣修复腔隙性踝关节感染创面15例患者的临床资料,其中男10例、女5例,年龄26～45岁,平均35.3岁;左侧7例,右侧8例;交通伤9例,砸伤4例,挤压伤2例。5例急诊行创面清创+负压封闭引流术(VSD),其中2例踝关节粉碎性骨折患者予外固定架固定;10例患者踝关节粉碎性骨折行骨折内固定治疗,术后10～16 d皮肤软组织坏死引起缺损,行创面彻底清创+VSD治疗。15例患者皮肤、软组织缺损范围为 3 cm×5 cm～10 cm×7 cm,均于VSD治疗后择期行胫后动脉穿支蒂隐神经营养血管皮瓣修复皮肤、软组织腔隙性创面。术后观察皮瓣成活情况;术后3个月,通过对皮瓣愈合情况、感觉、形态、皮温、供区瘢痕情况的评分,评价皮瓣修复效果;末次随访时采用Kofoed踝关节评分标准评定踝关节功能。结果 15例皮瓣全部成活,创面均一期愈合。15例患者获随访,随访时间13～21个月,平均17.5个月。随访期间感染无复发,局部无窦道形成。术后3个月皮瓣修复效果评分为7～10分,皮瓣外观不臃肿、质地柔软,疗效均满意。末次随访时按照Kofoed踝关节评分标准评定踝关节功能,优1例,良11例,可2例,差1例。结论 胫后动脉穿支蒂隐神经营养血管皮瓣血管蒂恒定,携带筋膜可填塞空腔,皮瓣血运好、抗感染力强、易于切取,修复腔隙性踝关节感染创面,疗效满意,值得临床推广应用。     

Decision support system for age-related macular degeneration using discrete wavelet transform

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) affects the central vision and subsequently may lead to visual loss in people over 60 years of age. There is no permanent cure for AMD, but early detection and successive treatment may improve the visual acuity. AMD is mainly classified into dry and wet type; however, dry AMD is more common in aging population. AMD is characterized by drusen, yellow pigmentation, and neovascularization. These lesions are examined through visual inspection of retinal fundus images by ophthalmologists. It is laborious, time-consuming, and resource-intensive. Hence, in this study, we have proposed an automated AMD detection system using discrete wavelet transform (DWT) and feature ranking strategies. The first four-order statistical moments (mean, variance, skewness, and kurtosis), energy, entropy, and Gini index-based features are extracted from DWT coefficients. We have used five (t test, Kullback–Lieber Divergence (KLD), Chernoff Bound and Bhattacharyya Distance, receiver operating characteristics curve-based, and Wilcoxon) feature ranking strategies to identify optimal feature set. A set of supervised classifiers namely support vector machine (SVM), decision tree, \(k\) -nearest neighbor ( \(k\) -NN), Naive Bayes, and probabilistic neural network were used to evaluate the highest performance measure using minimum number of features in classifying normal and dry AMD classes. The proposed framework obtained an average accuracy of 93.70 %, sensitivity of 91.11 %, and specificity of 96.30 % using KLD ranking and SVM classifier. We have also formulated an AMD Risk Index using selected features to classify the normal and dry AMD classes using one number. The proposed system can be used to assist the clinicians and also for mass AMD screening programs.     

Recurring patterns in stationary intervals of abdominal uterine electromyograms during gestation

Abdominal uterine electromyograms (uEMG) studies have focused on uterine contractions to describe the evolution of uterine activity and preterm birth (PTB) prediction. Stationary, non-contracting uEMG has not been studied. The aim of the study was to investigate the recurring patterns in stationary uEMG, their relationship with gestation age and PTB, and PTB predictivity. A public database of 300 (38 PTB) three-channel (S1–S3) uEMG recordings of 30 min, collected between 22 and 35 weeks’ gestation, was used. Motion and labour contraction-free intervals in uEMG were identified as 5-min weak-sense stationarity intervals in 268 (34 PTB) recordings. Sample entropy (SampEn), percentage recurrence (PR), percentage determinism (PD), entropy (ER), and maximum length (L _MAX) of recurrence were calculated and analysed according to the time to delivery and PTB. Random time series were generated by random shuffle (RS) of actual data. Recurrence was present in actual data (p < 0.001) but not RS. In S3, PR (p < 0.005), PD (p < 0.01), ER (p < 0.005), and L _MAX (p < 0.05) were higher, and SampEn lower (p < 0.005) in PTB. Recurrence indices increased (all p < 0.001) and SampEn decreased (p < 0.01) with decreasing time to delivery, suggesting increasingly regular and recurring patterns with gestation progression. All indices predicted PTB with AUC ≥0.62 (p < 0.05). Recurring patterns in stationary non-contracting uEMG were associated with time to delivery but were relatively poor predictors of PTB.     

Single-step synthesis of eucalyptus sawdust magnetic activated carbon and its adsorption behavior for methylene blue

Eucalyptus wood-based magnetic activated carbon (MAC) was prepared using single-step carbonization activation magnetization with FeCl₃ and utilized for the adsorption of methylene blue (MB). The MAC was prepared using the following conditions: the mass ratio of FeCl₃ to eucalyptus sawdust was controlled to 2 : 1, the one-step carbonated activated magnetization temperature and time was 700 °C and 75 min. The prepared MAC was evaluated for textural characteristics such as the adsorption capacity, pore structure, surface chemical functional groups, magnetic properties, microcrystalline structure, and the surface morphology using the test methods described in the National Standard of China, these were N₂-adsorption–desorption isotherms, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), value stream mapping (VSM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Batch experiments were carried out to evaluate the adsorption behavior of MB on the prepared MAC at different temperatures of 298–328 K and MB initial concentration of 50.0–500.0 mg L⁻¹. The results were as follows: the iodine number, methylene blue adsorption and phenol adsorption of the prepared MAC were 473.14, 228.22 and 70.90 mg g⁻¹, respectively; MAC exhibited a microporous and mesoporous structure with a mesoporosity of 36%, the BET specific surface area, average pore diameter and pore volume were 645.23 m² g⁻¹, 2.71 nm and 0.44 cm³ g⁻¹, respectively, and for the magnetic parameters the following results were found, a H_c of 108.51 Oe, M_s of 30.37 emu g⁻¹ and M_r of 2.46 emu g⁻¹; there were OH, C–O, C O, C C, COO, C–N, and Fe–O groups on the MAC surface, and Fe₃O₄ existed in the pores and surfaces of the MAC. The MB adsorption on the MAC followed the Langmuir isotherm and Dubinin–Radushkevich isotherm model, the adsorption process was a spontaneous, endothermic chemisorption progress, followed by the pseudo-second-order model, and the adsorption process was influenced by multiple diffusion steps, the pore diffusion process was the rate-controlling step, however, the adsorption process was also affected by the film diffusion and surface adsorption. The results reveal that MAC efficiently adsorbs MB and can be easily separated and recovered by an external magnetic field. The as-prepared MAC could be used as a potential adsorbent for organic pollutant wastewater treatment.

Eucalyptus wood-based magnetic activated carbon (MAC) was prepared by single-step carbonization activation magnetization with FeCl₃ and utilized for the adsorption of methylene blue (MB).     

Genomic characterization of a bovine viral diarrhea virus 1 isolate from swine

The SD0803 strain of the bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) was isolated from a piglet in China in 2008 and has been classified as a novel subgenotype of BVDV-1. To describe the molecular features of this novel subgenotype, we sequenced and characterized the complete genome of the SD0803 virus. The genome is 12,271 bp in length and contains 5′ and 3′ untranslated regions (UTRs) that flank an open reading frame (ORF) encoding a 3,898-amino-acid polypeptide. The full-length genome of the SD0803 strain shares 78.8 % to 83.3 % identity with those of other BVDV-1 strains, 70.0 % to 70.7 % identity with those of BVDV-2 strains, and less than 67.6 % identity with those of other pestiviruses. The highest level of shared identity was 83.3 % between the complete SD0803 genome and that of the ZM-95 strain of BVDV-1. Phylogenetic analysis of the 5′ UTR and the coding sequence for the N-terminal protease fragment of the SD0803 polyprotein indicated that the SD0803 virus is a member of the novel subgenotype BVDV-1q, isolates of which have been identified recently in dairy cattle and camels in China.     

Efficacy of a high-growth reassortant H1N1 influenza virus vaccine against the classical swine H1N1 subtype influenza virus in mice and pigs

Swine influenza (SI) is an acute, highly contagious respiratory disease caused by swine influenza A viruses (SwIVs), and it poses a potential global threat to human health. Classical H1N1 (cH1N1) SwIVs are still circulating and remain the predominant subtype in the swine population in China. In this study, a high-growth reassortant virus (GD/PR8) harboring the hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA) genes from a novel cH1N1 isolate in China, A/Swine/Guangdong/1/2011 (GD/11) and six internal genes from the high-growth A/Puerto Rico/8/34(PR8) virus was generated by plasmid-based reverse genetics and tested as a candidate seed virus for the preparation of an inactivated vaccine. The protective efficacy of this vaccine was evaluated in mice and pigs challenged with GD/11 virus. Prime and boost inoculation of GD/PR8 vaccine yielded high-titer serum hemagglutination inhibiting (HI) antibodies and IgG antibodies for GD/11 in both mice and pigs. Complete protection of mice and pigs against cH1N1 SIV challenge was observed, with significantly fewer lung lesions and reduced viral shedding in vaccine-inoculated animals compared with unvaccinated control animals. Our data demonstrated that the GD/PR8 may serve as the seed virus for a promising SwIVs vaccine to protect the swine population.