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排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 343 毫秒
991.
992.
Johnson Sonia Dalton-Locke Christian Vera San Juan Norha Foye Una Oram Sian Papamichail Alexandra Landau Sabine Rowan Olive Rachel Jeynes Tamar Shah Prisha Sheridan Rains Luke Lloyd-Evans Brynmor Carr Sarah Killaspy Helen Gillard Steve Simpson Alan 《Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology》2021,56(1):25-37
993.
Matthew P. Banegas Jennifer B. McClure William E. Barlow Peter A. Ubel Dylan M. Smith Brian J. Zikmund-Fisher Sarah M. Greene Angela Fagerlin 《Patient education and counseling》2013
Objective
To assess the impact of Guide to Decide (GtD), a web-based, personally-tailored decision aid designed to inform women's decisions about prophylactic tamoxifen and raloxifene use.Methods
Postmenopausal women, age 46–74, with BCRAT 5-year risk ≥1.66% and no prior history of breast cancer were randomized to one of three study arms:intervention (n = 690), Time 1 control (n = 160), or 3-month control (n = 162). Intervention participants viewed GtD prior to completing a post-test and 3 month follow-up assessment. Controls did not. We assessed the impact of GtD on women's decisional conflict levels and treatment decision behavior at post-test and at 3 months, respectively.Results
Intervention participants had significantly lower decisional conflict levels at post-test (p < 0.001) and significantly higher odds of making a decision about whether or not to take prophylactic tamoxifen or raloxifene at 3-month follow-up (p < 0.001) compared to control participants.Conclusion
GtD lowered decisional conflict and helped women at high risk of breast cancer decide whether to take prophylactic tamoxifen or raloxifene to reduce their cancer risk.Practice implications
Web-based, tailored decision aids should be used more routinely to facilitate informed medical decisions, reduce patients’ decisional conflict, and empower patients to choose the treatment strategy that best reflects their own values. 相似文献994.
Suen Paulo J. C. Doll Sarah Batistuzzo Marcelo C. Busatto Geraldo Razza Lais B. Padberg Frank Mezger Eva Bulubas Lucia Keeser Daniel Deng Zhi-De Brunoni Andre R. 《European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience》2021,271(1):101-110
European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience - Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a non-invasive brain stimulation intervention investigated for the treatment of... 相似文献
995.
Phyllis N. Butow Ming Sze Maurice Eisenbruch Melaine L. Bell Lynley J. Aldridge Sarah Abdo Michelle Tanious Skye Dong Rick Iedema Janette Vardy Rina Hui Francis Boyle Winston Liauw David Goldstein 《Patient education and counseling》2013
Objective
Poor prognosis is difficult to impart, particularly across a cultural divide. This study compared prognostic communication with immigrants (with and without interpreters) versus native-born patients in audio-taped oncology consultations.Methods
Ten oncologists, 78 patients (31 Australian-born, 47 immigrants) and 115 family members participated. The first two consultations after diagnosis of incurable disease were audiotaped, transcribed and coded. 142 consultations were included in the analysis.Results
Fifty percent of doctor and 59% of patient prognostic speech units were not interpreted or interpreted non-equivalently when an interpreter was present. Immigrant status predicted few prognostic facts, and oncologist characteristics no prognostic facts, disclosed. Oncologists were significantly less likely to convey hope to immigrants (p = 0.0004), and more likely to use medical jargon (p = 0.009) than with Australian-born patients. Incurable disease status and a limited life span were commonly acknowledged, generally with no timeframe provided. Physical issues were discussed more commonly than emotional aspects.Conclusions
While culture did not appear to influence doctor speech, interpreters filtered or blocked much prognostic communication.Practice implications
Initiatives to empower all patients to attain needed information, optimise communication when an interpreter is present and train cancer health professionals in culturally appropriate care, are urgently required. 相似文献996.
997.
Janneke AL van Kempen Henk J Schers Anne Jacobs Sytse U Zuidema Franca Ruikes Sarah HM Robben René JF Melis Marcel GM Olde Rikkert 《The British journal of general practice》2013,63(608):e225-e231
Background
Primary care is increasingly interested in the identification of frailty, as it selects the target population for integrated care. However, instruments for the identification of frailty specifically validated for use in primary care are scarce. This study developed the Easycare Two-step Older persons Screening (Easycare-TOS), which provides a valid, efficient, and pragmatic screening procedure to identify frail older people.Aim
This paper aims to describe the development of the Easycare-TOS and the data from the pilot studies.Design and setting
Observational pilot study in seven academic GP practices in and around Nijmegen, The Netherlands.Method
The Easycare-TOS was developed in a cyclic process with the input of stakeholders. In every cycle, the requirements were first defined, then translated into a prototype that was tested in a pilot study. The Easycare-TOS makes optimal use of prior knowledge of the GP, and the professionals’ appraisal is decisive in the frailty decision, instead of a cut-off score. Further, it considers aspects of frailty, as well as aspects of the care context of the patient.Results
The pilot data have shown that after step 1, two-thirds of the patients do not need further assessment, because they are judged as not frail, based on prior knowledge of the GP. The overall prevalence of frailty in this pilot study is 24%. Most professionals who participated in the pilot studies considered the time investment acceptable and the method to be of added value.Conclusion
The Easycare-TOS instrument meets the predefined efficiency, flexibility, and acceptability requirements for use as an identification instrument for frailty in primary care. 相似文献998.
Maria Carmona-Iragui Daniel Alcolea Isabel Barroeta Laura Videla Laia Muñoz Kathyrn L Van Pelt Frederick A Schmitt Donita D Lightner Lisa M Koehl Gregory Jicha Silvia Sacco Clotilde Mircher Sarah E Pape Rosalyn Hithersay Isabel C H Clare Anthony J Holland Georg Nübling Johannes Levin Juan Fortea 《Lancet neurology》2021,20(8):605-614
999.
Bristow Clare George Grace Hillsmith Grace Rainey Emma Urasa Sarah Koipapi Sengua Kisoli Aloyce Boni Japhet Saria Grace Anderson Ranasinghe Sherika Joseph Marcella Gray William K. Dekker Marieke Walker Richard W. Dotchin Catherine L. Mukaetova-Ladinska Elizabeta Howlett William Makupa Philip Paddick Stella-Maria 《Journal of neurovirology》2021,27(1):58-69
Journal of NeuroVirology - There are over 3 million people in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) aged 50 and over living with HIV. HIV and combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) exposure may accelerate the... 相似文献
1000.
Antje Werblow Sarah Bolius Adriaan W. C. Dorresteijn Christian Melaun Sven Klimpel 《Parasitology research》2013,112(7):2495-2501
Culex torrentium is one of the most common mosquito species in Germany. Due to its sympatric occurrence as well as its similar morphological and ecological characteristics, it has often been confused with another common species, Culex pipiens. Both species are known to be potential vectors for different arboviruses (not only in Germany) with C. torrentium being a possible vector for Sindbis or Ockelbo virus. In our study, we analyzed the genetic variability in a 658 bp fragment of the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I gene (coxI) of C. torrentium, from nine localities in the Frankfurt/Rhine-Main Metropolitan Region. The results of our genetic survey indicate a higher genetic diversity in this gene region for C. torrentium than for the morphologically similar C. pipiens. Our findings may explain the difficulties in the past to find morphological characteristics that apply to all populations of C. torrentium, when attempting to separate them clearly from C. pipiens, by any other criteria than male genitalia. Being ornithophilic, possible hybrids between C. torrentium and the humanophilic C. pipiens biotype molestus, could potentially serve as important vectors for zoonotic diseases. Therefore, we recommend that greater emphasis is placed on the ecological characteristics, population structure, and the taxonomy of this often neglected species, in the future. 相似文献