五日热巴通体重组外膜蛋白HbpA的研制和抗原性分析

为克隆并表达五日热巴通体外膜蛋白HbpA的基因,并对其抗原性进行初步分析,采用PCR方法从五日热巴通体基因组DNA扩增hbpA基因,将目的基因片段插入原核表达质粒pET32a（＋）,构建重组质粒pET32a（＋）-hbpA;将构建的重组质粒转化大肠杆菌BL21（DE3）并诱导目的基因表达,以SDS-PAGE电泳以及免疫印迹实验分析表达的目的蛋白。SDS-PAGE电泳分析发现pET32a（＋）-hbpA转化菌高效表达一48kDa重组蛋白;免疫印迹分析发现该蛋白与其免疫血清发生强烈反应;间接免疫荧光分析发现该重组蛋白免疫血清能特异识别五日热巴通体。实验结果表明五日热巴通体外膜蛋白HbpA的基因已在大肠杆菌中高效表达。     

NECROSIS OF PORTAL TUMOR EMBOLUS OF HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA BY LIPIODOL TRANSCATHETER CHEMO-EMBOLIZATION. A Case Report

We describe a case of hepatocellular carcinoma in which a tumor embolus in the portal vein and 3 of 4 intrahepatic metastases were necrosed completely by Lipiodol transcatheter chemo-embolization (Lipiodol-TCE). Tumor emboli in the portal vein and intrahepatic metastases usually cannot be necrosed by conventional transcatheter chemo-embolization alone, because small nodules such as intrahepatic metastases and tumor emboli in the portal vein are supplied blood from the portal vein. However, in this case, Lipiodol-TCE was effective against tumor emboli in the portal vein and intrahepatic metastases. ACTA PATHOL JPN 38: 1363-1367, 1988.     

Effect of a Water‐Soluble Polymer on Polymer Interdiffusion in P(MMA‐co‐BA) Latex Films

We describe non‐radiative energy‐transfer experiments to measure the rates of polymer interdiffusion in P(MMA‐co‐BA) latex films formed in the presence of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVOH). PVOH had relatively little effect on the initial efficiency of energy transfer, even when the amount of PVOH was large enough to form the continuous phase. Since Φ_ET(0) is a measure of the interfacial area between D‐ and A‐labeled cells in the film, we conclude that under these circumstances the dispersed P(MMA‐co‐BA) copolymer is in the form of clusters with many contacts between particles containing D and A labels. These large amounts of PVOH also reduce the amount of polymer diffusion that takes place when the films are annealed. When smaller amounts of PVOH are present, the effects are measurable but much smaller. In the presence of 2 to 17 wt.‐% PVOH, the polymer diffusion rate is retarded. The magnitude of the effect increases with the amount of PVOH present, and the effect is larger at 45 °C than at 63 °C. We show that the PVOH has its largest influence at the very early stages of polymer diffusion.

Schematic representation of an energy transfer experiment, which monitors polymer interdiffusion in a latex film.     

适用于医学动态监测数据的稳健参数估计方法

目的 :介绍并分析适用于医学动态监测数据的稳健参数估计方法。方法 :结合分布假设和稳健统计给出了参数估计方法。首次提出了一种迭代求取形状参数稳健估计的算法。结果 :该方法对医学动态监测中某种生理量异常所占百分比值统计量的参数估计优于临床普遍采用的方法。结论 :通过对分布拟合、估计优效性和可实现性、估计稳健性等的理论分析和模拟实验表明该方法是一种高效、可靠的稳健参数估计方法     

Astragaloside IV protects against ischemic brain injury in a murine model of transient focal ischemia

Astragalus membranaceus is a herbal medicine that has been used clinically in stroke patients in China for decades, but its potential neuroprotective effect against ischemic brain injury has not been experimentally tested. In this study, we investigated the effect of Astragaloside IV, a purified extract from Astragalus membranaceus, in a murine model of focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion produced by transient (1.5 h) middle cerebral artery occlusion. As determined at 72 h after ischemia, post-ischemic treatment of Astragaloside IV (20 or 40 mg/kg) markedly and significantly (P < 0.03 vs. vehicle-treated animals) reduced infarct volume. Astragaloside IV treatment also decreased the levels of malondialdehyde, an indicator of lipid peroxidation, and increased the levels of the antioxidant enzymes glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase in ischemic tissues. The results presented here provide the first evidence of a neuroprotective effect of Astragaloside IV in the model of ischemic brain injury. We suggest that the anti-infarction effect by Astragaloside IV may be derived at least in part from its antioxidant properties.     

抗T细胞单克隆抗体对再生障碍性贫血患者TNF和IL—2水平的影响

为探讨抗Ｔ淋巴细胞克隆抗体对再生障碍性贫血患者免疫功能的调节作用，采用放射免疫检测２５例ＡＡ患者ＭｃＡｂ－Ｔ治疗前后血清肿瘤坏死因子和白细胞介素－２（ＩＬ－２）水平及其中１０例周围血单个核细胞体外诱生ＴＮＦ和ＩＬ－２水平的变化。     

Three dinucleotide repeat polymorphisms at the D8S1217, D8S1220, and D8S1221 loci

Three polymorphic dinucleotide (CA) repeat clones were isolated from a CEPH mega-YAC clone (936F7), and were localized to chromosome 8 using a panel of 13 mouse/human somatic cell hybrids.     

Formation of Regular Hole Pattern in Polymer Films

Ordered macroporous materials recently have attracted much attention. A method that utilizes the condensation of monodisperse water droplets on a polymer solution is proposed for the preparation of honeycomb microporous films. Our results show that it is a general method that can be used for patterning a wide range of polymers. The presence of water vapor and polymer is necessary for the formation of regular holes in films. The formation of hexagonal packing instead of other kinds of packing takes place because the hexagonal packing has the lowest free energy. The formation mechanisms of regular hole pattern and imperfections in the hexagonal packing are proposed.

Hexagonal hole structures in a PMMA film.     

钙离子载体在诱导人外周血单核细胞分化为树突状细胞中的作用

目的研究钙离子载体(CI)能否诱导人外周血单核细胞(PBMC)分化为树突状细胞(DC)，并初步探讨其信号转导途径。方法分离健康献血者的PBMC，在体外用CI(A23187)或人重组粒细胞／巨噬细胞集落刺激因子(rhGM—CSF)和CI培养40h，或rhGM-CSF和白细胞介素4(IL-4)培养7d，部分PBMC预先用W-7或CsA或K35926处理30min后，再加入上述细胞因子或CI。相差显微镜下观察细胞形态，流式细胞仪检测细胞表面CD14、CD80、CD86、CD83等分子的表达，MTT比色法检测其对同种异体混合T淋巴细胞的刺激增殖作用。结果健康献血者的PBMC经CI培养40h，或rhGM—CSF与CI培养40h，或rhGM-CSF与IL-4培养7d，均可获得DC的典型形态和表面分子的表达，包括CD14表达下调、共刺激分子(CD80、CD86)表达上调，以及较强刺激同种异体混合T淋巴细胞增殖的作用；CI诱导的DC其CD14分子的下调及CD83分子的上调更明显，刺激混合T淋巴细胞的增殖能力更强；rhGM-CSF可协同CI诱导PBMC向DC的分化。经rhGM—CSF及CI处理的PBMC，其形态、表面标志物及对T细胞的刺激增殖能力，均受到W-7或CsA或KT5926不同程度的抑制；而rhGM-CSF及IL-4所诱导的PBMC其形态、表面分子的表达以及刺激T细胞增殖的作用却不受上述抑制剂的影响。结论CI可快速诱导PBMC向DC分化，其分化过程可能受控于Ca^2 /钙调蛋白及其下游的多个细胞信号转导途径的调节。     

Exogenous antigens are processed through the endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation (ERAD) in cross-presentation by dendritic cells

Antigen cross-presentation is critical in infectious and tumor immunity where cytotoxic T lymphocytes are induced by dendritic cells specifically equipped with cellular machineries to present exogenous antigens with major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecules. To examine molecular mechanisms of antigen cross-presentation, we employed as a model system a murine dendritic cell line DC2.4 capable of presenting soluble antigens such as ovalbumin (OVA) with MHC class I. Here, we demonstrate that exogenously added OVA is accumulated in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and late endosomes followed by retrograde transport to the cytoplasm through the Sec61 transporter complexes, and that CHIP functions as an E3 ubiquitin-ligase for OVA degradation by proteasomes. This mechanism is essentially the same as that known as the ER-associated degradation (ERAD) in the quality control of secretary and membrane proteins.