鼻咽癌病因学的病例—对照研究

本文以病例—对照的方法探讨了在黑龙江省与鼻咽癌发生有关的危险因素。调查鼻咽癌病例及对照共127对。在单因素与条件Logistic回归分析中均表明幼儿期食咸鱼(OR=5.5, χ²=4.92, P<0.05)及长期生活在烧煤的环境中(OR=1.894, χ²=4.655, P<0.05)可能与鼻咽癌的发生有关。此外,条件Logistic回归分析还发现,鼻窦炎病史也可能与鼻咽癌的发生有联系(B=1.385, exp(B)=3,995, P<0.1)。在对病例及对照的一级亲属患恶性肿瘤情况的调查中发现,鼻咽癌病例组有肿瘤家族史者多于对照组,其差异有统计学意义(χ²=10.32, P<0.01)。     

Forty-six Cases of the Nerve Root-Involved Cervical Spondylopathy Treated by Needling the “Sitian” Points

In order to investigate the analgesic effect of needling at “Sitian” points for the nerve root-involved cervical spondylopathy, 68 cases of the nerve root-involved cervical spondylopathy were randomly divided into a treatment group of 46 cases treated by needling at ＂Sitian＂ points, and a control group of 22 cases treated by needling at cervical Jiaji points. After 2 therapeutic courses, the therapeutic effects were evaluated by using the visual analogue scale （VAS） and the semeiographic format. The results showed that the markedly effective rate was 78.3% and 54.5%, respectively in the treatment group and the control group, and the difference between the two groups was of significance （P〈0.05）. It can be concluded that needling at “Sitian” points can bring about a better therapeutic effect on the improvement of clinical symptoms, ohvsical signs and pain than that of the needling at the cervical Jiaii points.     

甘露醇致急性肾功能衰竭17例分析

目的：探讨甘露醇致急性肾功能衰竭的病因、病理一理及临床治疗的特点。方法：术前、术后当日及术后每日定时检测肾功能、尿常规及尿量变化，使用甘露醇并根据变化进行治疗。结果：24小时后，13例病人尿量增多，肾功能及尿常规在2－3天内恢复正常，4例死亡。结论：大剂量甘露醇可能是肾功能损害的主要诱因并多见于中老年患者。将甘露醇用量控制在125ml是治疗成功的关键。     

天疱疮的临床分型与诊断

天疱疮是一组大疱性皮肤和黏膜疾病,具有慢性、复发性和严重性等特点。临床表现为正常皮肤或黏膜表面出现松弛性水疱、大疱,尼氏征阳性。组织病理为棘层松解,表皮内可产生裂隙、水疱和棘松解细胞;真皮水肿,少数嗜酸性粒细胞或中性粒细胞浸润。天疱疮亦是一类自身免疫性疾病,患者血清中存在致病性的针对自身抗原的特异性抗体。     

门静脉高压症治疗的临床与基础研究现状

近年，肝移植在我国迅速发展，已逐渐成为治疗终末期肝病的常规手术。对肝硬化门静脉高压症（PHT）所致上消化道出血的手术方式的选择重新成为临床工作者关注的重点。行肝移植手术还是传统的PHT手术？在肝硬化PHT基础研究方面，过去主要是研究引起高动力循环的液递物质，而近5年来，人们更重视肝纤维化发展机制的研究，特别是在激活与抑制星状细胞的各种因子对肝纤维化形成过程的影响方面进行了较为深入的研究，试图延缓或逆转肝纤维化，从根本上治疗肝硬化PHT。本文复习国内外PHT临床与基础研究现状，并对一些PHT基础研究和临床诊治的热点问题进行探讨。     

实验性隐睾术后大鼠附睾的反应性变化

本研究描述了实验性隐睾术后大鼠附睾的形态学变化。结果表明,隐睾术后由于腹温作用和附皋管管腔内容物的改变,附睾管上皮细胞的形态和功能明显改变。术后早期上皮细胞出现无丝分裂相,上皮细胞的分泌和吞噬功能加强,胞质内含PAS阳性颗粒的细胞增多。随术后时间的延长,附睾上皮细胞变化逐渐趋于稳定。[     

联合应用SSH和cDNA表达谱芯片筛选肝星状细胞早期活化的相关基因

目的利用抑制消减杂交(suppressionsubtractivehybridization,SSH)和cDNA表达谱芯片筛选早期活化的肝星状细胞(hepaticstellatecell,HSC)和大鼠正常肝脏组织、轻度肝纤维化组织、重度肝纤维化组织中差异表达的基因。方法从SSH构建的大鼠轻度肝纤维化、重度肝纤维化2个差异cDNA文库中挑选1000条上调显著的基因,与正常大鼠4136条基因克隆制作成一张芯片,筛选早期活化的肝星状细胞相关基因。结果获得与HSC早期活化相关的上调基因有202条,下调基因有80条,其中血清和糖皮质激素调节蛋白激酶(serumandglucocorticoidsensitivekinase,SGK)在正常大鼠基因克隆和2周及8周SSH上调差异基因中均呈上调信号。结论联合应用SSH和cDNA表达谱芯片是筛选和鉴定不同样本中差异表达基因的快速、经济和有效的方法;SGK可能作为多种细胞信号传导通路和细胞磷酸化级联反应的一个功能性交汇点,参与了肝星状细胞的早期活化和信号传导。     

应用ROC曲线评价DR后处理技术对胸部影像的影响

目的:运用ROC曲线,探讨DR胸部摄影最佳的影像后处理技术。方法:使用DR系统设置的正常胸部摄影条件,对胸部体模与专用于X线摄影的ROC曲线评价体模(TRG)进行组合并曝光。分析未使用后处理技术及使用不同后处理技术,对DR胸部摄影胸片影像的影响。结果:使用单纯噪声消除技术、噪声消除加图像反转及噪声消除加全屏放大三种后处理技术所得的ROC曲线下面积Az值依次为0.85、0.825及0.925,均明显大于未使用后处理技术的面积Az值0.6;单纯噪声消除技术获得的ROC曲线下面积略大于噪声消除加图像反转技术的面积;噪声消除加全屏放大技术获得的ROC曲线下面积Az值最大。结论:应对胸部原始影像实施后处理调节。单纯噪声消除技术可明显增加影像的信息量,若在噪声消除基础上实施全屏放大技术,可获得DR胸部摄影的最大影像信息量。     

Effects of cerulenin on the endogenous fatty acid synthetic activity in squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity.

PURPOSES: Inhibition of cerulenin on the endogenous fatty acid synthetic activities of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and normal oral mucosa was assayed. METHODS: Squamous cell carcinoma and normal oral mucosa were collected fresh from surgical specimens. The collected tissues were minced in RPMI 1640 and divided into 3 groups: cerulenin treated, dimethylsulfoxide treated, and control. The tissues were incubated in [1(2)-(14)C]acetic acid, sodium salt for the last 2.5 hours of the treatment at 37 degrees C in 5% CO(2). After labeling, total lipids were extracted and counted for (14)C by scintillation counting. RESULTS: Endogenous fatty acid synthetic activities of oral squamous cell caranoma in the cerulenin-treated group decreased by 19% at 1 hour, 64% at 2 hours, and 87% at 4 hours; remained nearly unchanged in the dimethylsulfoxide-treated group; and increased slightly in the control group. The oral mucosa tissues were only mildly affected by cerulenin in fatty acid synthesis. CONCLUSIONS: Cerulenin significantly inhibits fatty acid synthetic activity in squamous cell carcinoma and only mildly affected the oral mucosa, indicating that the fatty acid synthetic pathway may be exploited as a target for developing anticancer drugs.