治理非法行医的立法缺陷探析

根治非法行医重在制度完善,然而目前有关立法存在诸多缺陷。文章详细分析了我国惩处非法行医行为的立法现状,指出存在的法律缺陷,为完善有关法律制度奠定基础。     

CT引导下用同轴技术对肌肉骨骼肿瘤26例行穿刺活检的体会

目的:评价应用同轴活检技术,进行CT引导下肌肉骨骼肿瘤穿刺活检的临床应用价值。方法:CT引导下同轴技术穿刺活检肌肉骨骼肿瘤26例,同轴套管针于穿刺点按预定角度、深度快速穿刺,针尖至肿瘤边缘内或近穿刺点1/ 3处,经同轴套管针置入自动活检针,适度改变同轴套管针方向,不同角度、深度对肿瘤进行切割,取材,固定后行病理学检查。结果:26例患者穿刺成功率100%,病理检查明确诊断率92.3%(24/26),无1例严重并发症。结论:CT引导下同轴技术肌肉骨骼肿瘤穿刺活检,可多次、多点取材,提高阳性率以及正确诊断率,降低并发症发生率,此项技术简便易行,是一种安全、有效的诊断措施。     

复方野菊感冒颗粒的清热止咳作用

目的:观察复方野菊感冒颗粒的清热止咳作用。方法:动物随机分为5组,对照组等体积水;阳性组ig阿司匹林100 mg·kg~(-1)(枸橼酸喷托维林10 mg·kg~(-1));给药组,分别ig复方野菊感冒颗粒3,6,12 g·kg~(-1),qd,连续7d。观察对大鼠酵母发热和角叉菜胶足跖肿胀以及小鼠咳嗽潜伏时间和咳嗽次数的影响。体外抑菌实验采用平皿法,观察最低抑菌浓度(MIC)。结果:复方野菊感冒颗粒可显著抑制的大鼠发热和足跖肿胀,明显延长小鼠咳嗽潜伏时间和减少咳嗽次数,对金黄色葡萄球菌、肺炎球菌、流感杆菌、克雷伯肺炎杆菌的MIC分别为100,100,400,100 mg·ml~(-1)。结论:复方野菊感冒颗粒具有明显的清热止咳作用。     

开展师生座谈的研究与分析

目的探讨师生座谈在高职高专院校教育教学管理中的作用。方法从师生座谈开展时机的把握、参与对象的组织、座谈内容和形式的选择等方面进行综合研究与分析。结果师生座谈促进了教师、辅导员、学生三者间关系的和谐；为加强班级一系部一院校的建设、改革和管理，提供了更多建设性的意见；促进学生获得了更多有利于自身成人和成材的知识和技能。结论在国家大力推行高等学校人才培养水平评估的总体形势下，赋予师生座谈新的内涵并着力实施，具有极其重要的现实意义。     

新城疫病毒瘤苗对荷瘤小鼠的主动免疫治疗作用

将小鼠原发性肝癌细胞（Ｈ２２）经γ射线照射灭活后，与新城疫病毒（ＮＤＶ）共同孵育，制备病毒瘤苗，透射电镜下见ＮＤＶ吸附于Ｈ２２细胞表面。以病毒瘤苗皮内注射治疗不同负荷的Ｈ２２肿瘤荷瘤小鼠，连续２次，间隔１周，每次每只小鼠免疫剂量为１．５×１０７个肿瘤细胞。结果表明病毒瘤苗能抑制肿瘤生长，对荷瘤小鼠有主动特异性免疫治疗作用。各免疫组小鼠存活时间较对照组明显延长，肿瘤重量较对照组轻，肿瘤的平均直径也较对照组小，免疫组荷瘤存活小鼠肿瘤病理切片显示肿瘤细胞呈中、重度坏死，坏死的肿瘤细胞之间及其周围可见大量淋巴细胞及单核样细胞浸润，并有纤维组织增生。     

C-erbB-2原癌基因的表达与食管癌患者的预后

应用抗c-erbB-2蛋白单克隆抗体,对41例食管癌中c-erbB-2原癌基因的表达进行免疫组化检测。结果表明,c-erbB-2癌蛋白在正常食管粘膜为阴性,而在食管癌中增强表达为51.2％(21/41),并与组织学分级、淋巴结转移关系密切(P<0.05,P<0.01)。c-erbB-2癌蛋白阳性的食管癌患者预后差,术后5年生存率明显低(P<0.05)。结果提示:c-erbB-2原癌基因蛋白可成为一项判定食管癌预后有价值的参考指标。     

Computed tomographic findings of colorectal liver metastases can be predictive for recurrence after hepatic resection

BACKGROUND: We recently reported that the pathologic mode of infiltrative growth (infiltrative [INF]-alpha, INF-beta, and INF-gamma) of colorectal liver metastases had characteristic morphologic findings, and furthermore showed that the INF type was a prognostic factor for disease-free survival after hepatic resection. HYPOTHESIS: Preoperative computed tomographic (CT) findings of the liver nodules may be predictive for pathologic tumor growth pattern. DESIGN: Retrospective study. SETTING: Departments of Surgery and Radiology at a university hospital in Japan. PATIENTS: A total of 25 CT examinations (1985-1998) were reviewed, and a comparison was conducted on CT findings of 2 groups with INF-alpha or INF-beta (hereafter noted as INF-alpha-beta) (n = 9 [ie, a patient with INF-alpha plus 8 with INF-beta]) and INF-gamma (n = 16) type liver metastases. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: chi(2) Analysis of CT morphologic features was performed between the study groups. The result of multivariate analysis was obtained using the Cox proportional hazards model. RESULTS: The morphologic features observed by CT showed a significant difference between the 2 groups (INF-alpha-beta, and INF-gamma types) in the ratio of length to breadth of nodules (<1.5 vs > or =1.5, P =.008) and in the outline of nodules (regular vs irregular, P =.01). Of these CT imaging features, the outline of the nodule was an independent prognostic factor (P =.02). CONCLUSION: Computed tomographic findings of colorectal liver lesions correlated with the pathologic tumor growth pattern and a prognosis.     

Sleep habits of students attending elementary schools,and junior and senior high schools in Akita prefecture

It is widely accepted that students in Japan sleep fewer hours than what they actually need. However, epidemiological data on sleep habits among students are scarce. The sleep habits and related problems among 1650 students in Akita prefecture were studied. The results revealed that schoolchildren attending elementary schools seemed to sleep for a sufficient number of hours, whereas students attending junior or senior high schools were not sleeping enough. In particular, approximately half of the students attending senior high schools answered that they slept 6 h or less on weekdays and nodded off during classes more than twice a week.     

颅外伤所致精神障碍患者的P300电位研究

目的 探讨颅外伤所致精神障碍P300电位特征及其在评价其认知功能中的临床价值。方法 对56例颅外伤所致精神障碍患者和53例健康者分别进行了P300电位测定和智商测定，并将两组结果加以比较。结果 颅外伤所致精神障碍患者组P300电位成分中N2、P3波潜伏期延长和P3波幅降低，较对照组差异有显著性（P〈0．01），韦氏智力量表中领悟、算术和数字广度等分量表值颅外伤所致精神障碍组均低于对照组，差异有显著性（P〈0．05或P〈0．01）。相关分析显示P300潜伏期与领悟、算术和数字广度值呈显著负相关（r=-0．29～-0．33．P〈0．01），波幅则呈显著正相关（r=0．31～0．36，P〈0．01）。结论 P300电位可作为评价颅外伤所致精神障础患者认知状况的重要指标应用于临床。     

肝动脉栓塞化疗结合无水酒精注射治疗中晚期原发性肝癌疗效分析

Objective:To evaluate the clinical efficacy of the combined treatment with transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) and percutaneous ethanol injection (PEI) on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods:312 patients with moderate or advanced HCCs were divided into two groups: 170 cases underwent TACE treatment alone, 142 cases were treated with TACE and PEI under B-ultrasotmd guidance. Results:The rates of reduction in tumor diameter and the decline in serum AFP level were 41.2% and 40.4% in the TACE group and 75.4% and 74.1% in the TACE PEI group respectively. The 6, 12 and 24 months survival rates in the TACE group were 77.1%,34.1% and 18.8%,respectively and in the TACE PEI group 87.3%, 62.0% and 38.0%, respectively. Overall, there was a significant difference between the two treatment groups (P＜0.05). Conclusion：Treatment on HCCs with TACE PEI is convenient, safe and results in better survival rates than TACE alone.