脂联素对小鼠氧诱导视网膜病变的保护作用

目的：观察脂联素对C57BL/6J小鼠氧诱导视网膜病变的影响。

方法：将新生C57BL/6J小鼠随机分为3组,分别为常氧对照组、生理盐水注射氧诱导视网膜病变(oxygen-induced retinopathy,OIR)组和脂联素注射OIR组。将后两组小鼠于生后第7d(P7)至P12置于体积分数75%±2%高氧氧箱中以诱导OIR模型。脂联素注射OIR模型组在P7～P15每天接受腹腔注射重组鼠脂联素蛋白(3.0μg/g),生理盐水注射OIR组则于上述相同时间点注射同等剂量的生理盐水。三组小鼠均于P17时取右眼行视网膜铺片和Lectin染色,观察视网膜中央无血管区及病理性新生血管的情况; 取左眼行视网膜切片和HE染色,观察视网膜组织病理学变化; 应用Western-blot测定左眼视网膜组织中iNOS、nNOS、eNOS的表达; 取右眼视网膜组织定量检测ROS/RNS含量以及NO水平。

结果：脂联素注射OIR组小鼠视网膜中央无血管区面积较生理盐水注射OIR组明显减少(t=7.304,P<0.01),病理性新生血管数目明显减少(t=2.654,P<0.01); 脂联素注射OIR组小鼠视网膜组织ROS含量较生理盐水注射组明显降低(t=13.349,P<0.01); 脂联素注射OIR组小鼠视网膜组织NO含量明显高于生理盐水注射组(t=3.023,P<0.01),iNOS表达明显低于生理盐水注射组(t=5.112,P<0.01),eNOS表达明显高于生理盐水注射组(t=7.421,P<0.01),nNOS的表达无统计学差异(t=1.074,P>0.01)。

结论：脂联素可以通过激活内源性eNOS促进生理性NO生成,同时又能抑制ROS/RNS的产生,在OIR进程中发挥视网膜血管的保护作用。     

A simple hydrazone as a multianalyte (Cu2+, Al3+, Zn2+) sensor at different pH values and the resultant Al3+ complex as a sensor for F−

A new colorimetric and fluorescence molecular chemosensor based on triazole hydrazone can be used as a multi-probe for selective detection of Al³⁺, Zn²⁺, and Cu²⁺ by monitoring changes in the absorption and fluorescence spectral patterns. Results show that Al³⁺ and Zn²⁺ ions can induce remarkable fluorescence enhancement at pH 6.0 and pH 10.0, respectively, while the addition of Cu²⁺ ions leads to a significant UV-visible absorption enhancement in the visible range at pH 6.0. In addition, the resultant Al³⁺ complex could act as an ‘on–off’ fluorescence sensor for F⁻. The fluorescence sensor was also used to monitor intracellular Al³⁺, Zn²⁺, and F⁻ in Hela cells.

A fluorescent probe for Al³⁺ and Zn²⁺ was synthesised, and the resultant Al³⁺-complex was used for the detection of F⁻.     

浅谈应急条件下饮用水水质的快速评估

目的开展应急条件下饮用水水质快速评估,保障饮水安全,为饮用水卫生应急工作提供参考。方法参考世界卫生组织饮水安全计划、美国环保局等发达国家的经验作法并结合我国实情,开展水质快速评估工作。结果应用饮用水水质快速评估方法进行现场卫生学调查,筛选水质敏感指标,对饮水危害因素进行定量评估分析。结论饮用水水质快速评估能够保障短期内水质安全,满足应急供水需求,具有一定的实践价值。     

广东省某地区不同年龄段人群镉负荷水平研究

目的探究广东省某地区不同年龄段人群镉负荷水平,利用基准剂量法评估不同年龄段人群尿NAG及尿β2MG相应的尿镉参考剂量,以此对不同年龄段人群尿镉可接受阈值进行研究。方法对该地区开展基于大样本人群调查的环境流行病学研究,采集当地常住居民的尿液样本,共获得872例(男性375例,女性497例)有效样本。并以我国环境镉污染健康危害区判定标准值为肾功能损害发生临界值,应用BMDS软件对不同年龄段人群进行尿镉基准剂量估算。结果以尿NAG为效应指标的BMDL值为低年龄组4.25μg/g肌酐,高年龄组4.05μg/g肌酐;以尿β2MG为效应指标的BMDL值为低年龄组1.70μg/g肌酐,高年龄组1.58μg/g肌酐。结论在镉污染健康风险评价中,尿β2MG比尿NAG更为敏感,高年龄组人群尿镉可接受阈值低于低年龄组。在长期镉暴露过程中,高年龄组人群可能比低年龄组人群更容易发生肾功能损害。     

Involvement of neuronal TGF-β activated kinase 1 in the development of tolerance to morphine-inducedantinociception in rat spinal cord

Background and Purpose

Tolerance induced by morphine and other opiates remains a major unresolved problem in the clinical management of pain. There is now good evidence for the importance of MAPKs in morphine-induced antinociceptive tolerance. A member of the MAPK kinase kinase family, TGF-β activated kinase 1 (TAK1) is the common upstream kinase of MAPKs. Here, we have assessed the involvement of TAK1 in the development of tolerance to morphine-induced analgesia.

Experimental Approach

The effects of an antagonist of TAK1 on morphine tolerance were investigated in vivo using the Randall–Selitto test, and the mechanism was investigated using Western blot and immunohistochemistry. The expression of TAK1 after chronic morphine exposure was also evaluated in vitro by immunohistochemistry.

Key Results

Chronic intrathecal morphine exposure up-regulated protein levels and phosphorylation of spinal TAK1. TAK1 immunoreactivity was co-localized with the neuronal marker NeuN. Intrathecal administration of 5Z-7-oxozeaenol (OZ), a selective TAK1 inhibitor, attenuated the loss of morphine analgesic potency and morphine-induced TAK1 up-regulation. Furthermore, OZ decreased the up-regulated expression of spinal p38 and JNK after repeated morphine exposure. In vitro studies demonstrated that sustained morphine treatment induced TAK1 up-regulation, which was reversed by co-administration of OZ. A bolus injection of OZ showed some reversal of established morphine antinociceptive tolerance.

Conclusions and Implications

TAK1 played a pivotal role in the development of morphine-induced antinociceptive tolerance. Modulation of TAK1 activation by the selective inhibitor OZ in the lumbar spinal cord may prove to be an attractive adjuvant therapy to attenuate such tolerance.     

A new dimeric neolignan from Magnolia grandiflora L. seeds

Archives of Pharmacal Research - Bioassay-guided fractionation of the MeOH extract of Magnolia grandiflora seeds resulted in the isolation of a new dimeric neolignan, named bishonokiol A (1), as...     

2010年和2014年苏州市姑苏区居民高血压控制情况比较

目的评价居民高血压防治社区干预效果。方法采用多阶段整群随机抽样方法,2010年和2014年分别抽取苏州市姑苏区4个社区30岁居民进行调查,分析比较高血压患病及控制情况。结果 2010年和2014年居民高血压患病率分别为46.45%、45.61%,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。居民高血压患病率男性高于女性,且随着年龄的增加而增加(P值均0.05)。与2010年相比,2014年居民高血压知晓率由64.44%提高到81.61%;治疗率由56.80%提高到66.89%;控制率由22.99%提高到40.07%;治疗者控制率由40.48%提高到59.90%,差异均有统计学意义(P值均0.01)。结论自"十二五"规划实施以来,居民高血压患者控制情况有所好转,但控制率依然较低。     

Enhanced chondrogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stems cells on citric acid-modified chitosan hydrogel for tracheal cartilage regeneration applications

Congenital tracheal stenosis in infants and children is a worldwide clinical problem. Tissue engineering is a promising method for correcting long segmental tracheal defects. Nonetheless, the lack of desirable scaffolds always limits the development and applications of tissue engineering in clinical practice. In this study, a citric-acid-functionalized chitosan (CC) hydrogel was fabricated by a freeze–thaw method. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) confirmed that citric acid was successfully attached to the chitosan hydrogel. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images and compression tests showed that the CC hydrogel had an interconnected porous structure and better wet mechanical properties. Using morphological and proliferation analyses, cell biocompatibility of the CC hydrogel was shown by culturing human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) on it. Specific expression of cartilage-related markers was analyzed by real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blotting. The expression of chondrocytic markers was strongly upregulated in the culture on the CC hydrogel. Hematoxylin and eosin staining revealed that the cells had the characteristic shape of chondrocytes and clustered into the CC hydrogel. Both Alcian blue staining and a sulfated glycosaminoglycan (sGAG) assay indicated that the CC hydrogel promoted the expression of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs). In a nutshell, these results suggested that the CC hydrogel enhanced chondrogenic differentiation of hMSCs. Thus, the newly developed CC hydrogel may be a promising tissue-engineered scaffold for tracheal cartilage regeneration.

A novel citric acid functionalized chitosan hydrogel for tracheal cartilage regeneration applications.