神经内窥镜下经鼻蝶垂体瘤切除手术的护理配合

目的:探讨神经内窥镜辅助下经鼻蝶垂体瘤切除手术术中护理配合。方法:通过对患者术前心理护理,手术器械的准备,手术间的布局,术中的配合,术后器械的清洗、灭菌及保养等方面对45例神经内窥镜下经鼻蝶入路垂体瘤切除手术进行配合。结果:通过手术及有效的术中配合,37例经蝶垂体瘤在内镜辅助下完全切除,8例次全切除。结论:精心的护理配合、熟练的内镜器械使用和保养是神经内窥镜下经鼻蝶垂体瘤切除手术成功的关键。     

Direct synthesis of heparin-like poly(ether sulfone) polymer and its blood compatibility

In this study, heparin-like poly(ethersulfone) (HLPES) was synthesized by a combination of polycondensation and post-carboxylation methods, and was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance hydrogen spectrum and gel permeation chromatography. Owing to the similar backbone structure, the synthesized HLPES could be directly blended with pristine PES at any ratios to prepare PES/HLPES membranes. After the introduction of HLPES, the microscopic structure of the modified PES membranes was changed, while the hydrophilicity was significantly enhanced. Bovine serum albumin and bovine serum fibrinogen adsorption, activated partial thromboplastin time, thromb time and platelet adhesion for the modified PES membranes were investigated. The results indicated that the blood compatibility of the PES/HLPES membranes was significantly improved compared with that of pristine PES membrane. For the PES/HLPES membranes, obvious decreases in platelet activation on PF-4 level, in complement activation on C3a and C5a levels, and in leukocytes activation on CD11b levels were observed compared with those for the pristine PES membrane. The improved blood compatibility of the PES/HLPES membrane might due to the existence of the hydrophilic groups (–SO₃Na, –COONa). Furthermore, the modified PES membranes showed good cytocompatibility. Hepatocytes cultured on the PES/HLPES membranes presented improved growth in terms of SEM observation, MTT assay and confocal laser scanning microscope observation compared with those on the pristine PES membrane. These results indicate that the PES/HLPES membranes present great potential in blood-contact fields such as hemodialysis and bio-artificial liver supports.     

Neoadjuvant chemotherapy in controlling lymph node metastasis for locally advanced gastric cancer in a Chinese population

This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of FOLFOX6, SOX and XELOX as neoadjuvant chemotherapy for advanced gastric cancer. The study retrospectively assessed clinicopathological data of patients who received a radical D2 gastrectomy for gastric cancer from January 2010 to January 2013.The patients were either not administered neoadjuvant chemotherapy (control) or were given FOLFOX6, SOX and XELOX prior to surgery. The metastatic rate was also higher for the control group compared with the three chemotherapy regimens in N2 station lymph nodes (P?P?相似文献   

替吉奥联合奈达铂治疗晚期胃癌的临床观察

目的:观察替吉奥联合奈达铂治疗晚期胃癌的临床效果。方法:用该方案治疗36例晚期胃癌患者:替吉奥80mg/(m2.d),分2次口服,d1~d14,静脉滴注奈达迫80mg/m22小时,d1。每21天为1个周期,每两个周期评价疗效和毒副反应。结果:36例患者中完全缓解(CR)2例,占5.6%,部分缓解(PR)17例,占47.2%,稳定(SD)14例,占38.9%,进展(PD)3例,占8.3%,总有效率52.8%,肿瘤控制率91.7%。骨髓抑制Ⅲ度以上12例,占33.3%,恶心呕吐9例,占25%,腹痛腹泻8例,占22.2%,口腔炎6例,占16.7%,手足综合征4例,占11.1%,肝功能5例,占13.9%,周围神经炎3例,占8.93%。结论:替吉奥联合奈达铂治疗晚期胃癌疗效肯定,毒副反应较轻,患者均可耐受,改善了患者生活质量,值得推广应用。     

An injectable micelle-hydrogel hybrid for localized and prolonged drug delivery in the management of renal fibrosis

Localized delivery, comparing to systemic drug administration, offers a unique alternative to enhance efficacy, lower dosage, and minimize systemic tissue toxicity by releasing therapeutics locally and specifically to the site of interests. Herein, a localized drug delivery platform (“plum‒pudding” structure) with controlled release and long-acting features is developed through an injectable hydrogel (“pudding”) crosslinked via self-assembled triblock polymeric micelles (“plum”) to help reduce renal interstitial fibrosis. This strategy achieves controlled and prolonged release of model therapeutics in the kidney for up to three weeks in mice. Following a single injection, local treatments containing either anti-inflammatory small molecule celastrol or anti-TGFβ antibody effectively minimize inflammation while alleviating fibrosis via inhibiting NF-κB signaling pathway or neutralizing TGF-β1 locally. Importantly, the micelle-hydrogel hybrid based localized therapy shows enhanced efficacy without local or systemic toxicity, which may represent a clinically relevant delivery platform in the management of renal interstitial fibrosis.KEY WORDS: Hydrogel, “Plum‒pudding” structure, Localized therapy, Controlled release, Renal fibrosis, Inflammation, Celastrol, Anti-TGFβ antibody     

滇龙胆草对肺纤维化小鼠肺组织NF-κB和CTGF表达的影响

  目的  研究滇龙胆草对肺纤维化小鼠肺组织NF-κB和CTGF表达的影响。  方法  气管滴注博莱霉素（5 mg/kg ）制备昆明小鼠肺纤维化模型，造模后灌胃给予低、中、高剂量（50、100、200 mg/kg）的滇龙胆草，每日给药1次，设比非尼酮为阳性对照。在建模后第28天，取肺组织进行检测，肉眼观察肺组织大体病理改变，Masson染色观察肺组织纤维化程度；采用Western blot检测肺组织中NF-κB和CTGF蛋白的表达。  结果  与模型组比较，不同剂量的滇龙胆草组和阳性药物比非尼酮组小鼠肺组织胶原沉积明显减少。与模型组比较，不同剂量的滇龙胆草组和阳性药物比非尼酮组小鼠肺组织NF-κB和CTGF蛋白表达明显下调，差异有统计学意义（P < 0.05）。  结论  滇龙胆草具有抗肺纤维化作用，其机制与下调NF-κB和CTGF蛋白表达，减轻肺组织炎症和胶原沉积有关。     

重度溃疡性结肠炎1例内科优化治疗

重度溃疡性结肠炎通常病情重、发展快,出现危及生命的并发症和结肠切除的风险特别高.对于溃疡性结肠炎,当内科治疗无效时可考虑手术治疗.1例重度溃疡性结肠炎经采用常规药物治疗无效,出现低血压性休克等并发症,达到行外科手术的指征,因患者为年轻未婚、未恋女性,术后存在影响生活质量、性功能障碍、不孕等风险,故经分析内科疗效不佳的原因后采取规范治疗方案,充分增强营养支持,调节肠道微生态等个体化治疗,患者由重度转为轻度.对该患者的内科优化治疗提示营养支持在溃疡性结肠炎中与药物治疗同样重要.     

淀粉对转移因子胶囊质量控制方法的影响

目的考查淀粉对转移因子胶囊在251与280nm波长处的吸光度的比值(纯度检查)的影响。方法选取不同的淀粉并对比2种不同的样品处理方法对测定结果的影响。结果淀粉的存在确实能使转移因子胶囊在251与280nm波长处的吸光度的比值降低,且造成结果不稳定。结论测定含淀粉转移因子胶囊的样品时,宜先将样品制成较高质量浓度,滤去不溶或微溶辅料后,稀释至适宜的质量浓度测定,以尽可能减少辅料的干扰。