雷公藤红素对IL—1和IL—2活性及PGE2释放的抑制作用

雷公藤红素0.1～1.0μg/ml在试管内能降低LPS诱导的小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞外和细胞内白细胞介素-1(IL-1)的活性,也能抑制ConA诱导的小鼠脾细胞产生白细胞介素-2(IL-2).动态观察表明,雷公藤红素经预处理8h和3h后已能分别抑制IL-1和IL-2的产生。此外,雷公藤红素能降低A23187刺激家兔滑膜细胞释放前列腺素E_2(PGE_2)。     

Rotator cuff disruption: diagnosis with digital arthrography

Shoulder arthrography is a reliable technique for use in the diagnosis of tears of the rotator cuff, although delineation of the precise site and size of tears requires meticulous double-contrast technique and considerable examiner expertise. The authors initiated a prospective evaluation of digital arthrography of the glenohumeral joint in 28 patients with clinical manifestations suggesting rotator cuff tear because they believed that examination with this technique would allow more accurate definition of the precise status of the cuff. Fifteen patients had normal studies. Ten complete and three partial rotator cuff tears were demonstrated with digital technique, and the precise site of the tear was demonstrated in all of these cases. The results indicate that digital arthrography of the glenohumeral joint may have some advantages over standard arthrography in the delineation of complete and partial tears of the rotator cuff, particularly in defining the exact site of tears.     

Immunoreactive calmodulin in cystic fibrosis kidneys

Aims: To determine whether CF kidneys obtained at autopsy contain normal amounts of calmodulin and whether the presence of immunoreactive calmodulin correlates with nephrocalcinosis.
Methods: An immunoperoxidase method was used to stain kidneys obtained from six CF individuals aged three to 27.5 years (mean 15.75 ± 10.2 years) and five individuals who died of chronic debilitating disease aged eight to 17 years (mean 13.6 ± 3.9 years). Calcium staining was undertaken using the von Kossa (silver precipitation) and Alizarin red methods.
Results: No quantifiable difference in immunoreactive calmodulin staining was demonstrated in autopsy renal specimens between six CF patients and five chronically diseased controls. Three of six CF patients aged 22.8 ± four years and two of five chronically diseased controls aged eight to 16 years respectively had detectable immunoreactive calmodulin staining. Within the CF group the presence of microscopic nephrocalcinosis did not correlate with immunoreactive calmodulin staining.
Background: Microscopic nephrocalcinosis has been detected at autopsy in 35 of 38 (92%) cystic fibrosis (CF) patients. A primary defect of calcium metabolism in the kidney has been postulated. Intracellular calcium and calmodulin (a calcium binding protein) have been shown to be increased in CF tissues.
Conclusion: This study does not support the premise that a calmodulin-dependent defect of intracellular calcium handling contributes to the microscopic nephrocalcinosis seen in CF. (Aust NZ J Med 1993; 23: 484–488.)     

左旋氧氟沙星对大鼠血胰屏障的通透性

目的 :研究左旋氧氟沙星对大鼠血胰屏障的通透性。方法 :经尾静脉推注左旋氧氟沙星 (2 0mg·kg 1体重 ) ,在规定的时间点取样 ,用高效液相色谱法 (HPLC)测定胰腺、肝脏组织和血清中药物的含量。结果 :在大鼠血清中的左旋氧氟沙星浓度在5min时最高 ,为 2 0 .2 47μg·mL 1,胰腺、肝脏组织都在 10min时最高分别 2 1.85 0 μg·g 1、30 .5 90 μg·g 1,然后持续下降 ;10min时胰组织的药物浓度开始高于血清 ,90min后两者浓度接近。药物对血胰屏障的通透率 (PR)在 5min时 0 .85 ,然后处于上升趋势 ,2 0min时最高达到 3 .82 ,然后下降 ,90min后接近 1。结论 :静脉推注左旋氧氟沙星后 ,药物对血胰屏障具有良好的通透性 ,值得向临床推荐预防和治疗胰腺感染。