加替沙星序贯治疗下呼吸道感染的药物经济学分析

药物经济学是一门应用经济学原理和方法来研究和评估药物治疗的成本与效果及其关系的边缘学科,其目的就是以有限的药物资源实现最大的健康效果改善。下呼吸道感染是最常见的感染性疾患,含氟喹诺酮类药物在治疗下呼吸道感染中发挥着重要作用,尤其是新一代含氟喹诺酮类衍生物的产生,使其药理活性明显拓宽。     

微创颅内血肿清除手术治疗50例高血压性脑出血临床疗效分析

目的：分析微创颅内血肿清除手术治疗50例高血压性脑出血临床疗效。方法将2010年3月-2012年10月我院收治的100例高血压脑出血患者分为观察组和对照组各50例。观察组采用微创颅内血肿清除术进行治疗,对照组采用传统内科保守治疗进行治疗,观察两组的临床疗效。结果观察组患者经过治疗后,治愈率达到了92.34%;对照组患者经过治疗后,治愈率为83.57%,两组患者对比具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论微创颅内血肿清除术能够有效的治疗高血压性脑出血,且创伤较小,恢复快,值得在临床中推广。     

THE PROGRAMME OF WORK OF COMMITTEE 2 OF ICRP ON INTERNAL DOSIMETRY

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CLINICAL EFFECTS ON 149 CASES OF INFANTILE DIARRHEA TREATED WITH RAPID-STICKING MOXATHERAPY Attaching 35 contrasted cases with western medicine

Of 149 cases.infantile diarrhea were treated with Zhou's multiapplied rapid-sticking herbomoxa-pen.The main acupoints selected were Auriculoapex,Tianshu(ST 25),Zusanli(ST 36),Shenshu(BL 23),etc.TWO groups were observed,32 cases from the 149 cases as therapid-sticking moxatherapy(RSMT)group who suffered from the acute diarrhea without any thera-peutics before,and the other 35 cases with western medicine as the control group.Results showedthat the recovering rate and the average therapeutic course of healing in RSMT group were higher andshorter than that in control one(P<0.05;P<0.01),even without marked difference of the total ef-fective rates between the two groups(P>0.05).Of 149 cases with RSMT,the therapeutic effect onacute ones was better than those on delayed and chronic ones(P<0.05),yet the difference was notmarked in therapeutic effects between the etiological causes of infections and non-infections(P> 0.0.5).It is therefore worthy of popularizing RSMT due to its remarked curative results without anyside-effect,simply-manipulated and well-accepted features.     

Remissions in maternal depression and child psychopathology: a STAR*D-child report

Context  Children of depressed parents have high rates of anxiety, disruptive, and depressive disorders that begin early, often continue into adulthood, and are impairing. Objective  To determine whether effective treatment with medication of women with major depression is associated with reduction of symptoms and diagnoses in their children. Design  Assessments of children whose depressed mothers were being treated with medication as part of the multicenter Sequenced Treatment Alternatives to Relieve Depression (STAR*D) trial conducted (between December 16, 2001 and April 24, 2004) in broadly representative primary and psychiatric outpatient practices. Children were assessed by a team of evaluators not involved in maternal treatment and unaware of maternal outcomes. Study is ongoing with cases followed at 3-month intervals. Setting and Patients  One hundred fifty-one mother-child pairs in 8 primary care and 11 psychiatric outpatient clinics across 7 regional centers in the United States. Children were aged 7 to 17 years. Main Outcome Measures  Child diagnoses based on the Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia; child symptoms based on the Child Behavior Checklist; child functioning based on the Child Global Assessment Scale in mothers whose depression with treatment remitted with a score of 7 or lower or whose depression did not remit with a score higher than 7 on the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression. Results  Remission of maternal depression after 3 months of medication treatment was significantly associated with reductions in the children's diagnoses and symptoms. There was an overall 11% decrease in rates of diagnoses in children of mothers whose depression remitted compared with an approximate 8% increase in rates of diagnoses in children of mothers whose depression did not. This rate difference remained statistically significant after controlling for the child's age and sex, and possible confounding factors (P = .01). Of the children with a diagnosis at baseline, remission was reported in 33% of those whose mothers' depression remitted compared with only a 12% remission rate among children of mothers whose depression did not remit. All children of mothers whose depression remitted after treatment and who themselves had no baseline diagnosis for depression remained free of psychiatric diagnoses at 3 months, whereas 17% of the children whose mothers remained depressed acquired a diagnosis. Findings were similar using child symptoms as an outcome. Greater level of maternal response was associated with fewer current diagnoses and symptoms in the children, and a maternal response of at least 50% was required to detect an improvement in the child. Conclusions  Remission of maternal depression has a positive effect on both mothers and their children, whereas mothers who remain depressed may increase the rates of their children's disorders. These findings support the importance of vigorous treatment for depressed mothers in primary care or psychiatric clinics and suggest the utility of evaluating the children, especially children whose mothers continue to be depressed.      

卫生政策科研本体构建研究

在对现有科研本体和本体构建方法进行分析的基础上,利用Protege工具进行开发,选择0WL作为卫生政策科研本体描述语言,阐述了构建过程,初步设计了卫生政策科研本体模型,最后提出了问题和展望。     

人参皂苷Rg1及其真菌转化产物的糖残基立体构型的确定

前期研究结果[1][2]表明有两株菌株可以将人参皂苷Rg1转化为稀有人参皂苷F1;结合真菌转化技术与化学分析方法测定了人参皂苷Rg1及其转化产物人参皂苷F1的糖残基的绝对构型,发现人参皂苷Rg1及其转化产物均为D-型葡萄糖.本实验建立一种将真菌转化技术与化学分析方法结合起来,用以测定不同位置糖的绝对构型及其比例的方法.     

空气压力波治疗仪在下肢骨折术后DVT预防中的应用

目的探讨空气压力波循环治疗仪在预防下肢骨折术后深静脉血栓形成中的作用。方法将2012年1月—2013年1月下肢骨折术后患者298例随机分为试验组及对照组,试验组采用空气压力波循环治疗仪治疗,对照组采用常规治疗,比较2组患者术后到拆线期间下肢静脉血栓形成率。结果试验组下肢静脉血栓形成率明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论空气压力波循环治疗仪用于下肢骨折术后患者预防深静脉血栓形成具有显著作用。