Background: Volatile anesthetic preconditioning (APC) protects against myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury, but the precise mechanisms underlying this phenomenon remain undefined. To investigate the molecular mechanism of APC in myocardial protection, the activation of nuclear factor (NF) [kappa]B and its regulated inflammatory mediators expression were examined in the current study.
Methods: Hearts from male rats were isolated, Langendorff perfused, and randomly assigned to one of three groups: (1) the control group: hearts were continuously perfused for 130 min; (2) the IR group: 30 min of equilibration, 15 min of baseline, 25 min of ischemia, 60 min of reperfusion; and (3) the APC + IR group: 30 min of equilibration, 10 min of sevoflurane exposure and a 5-min washout, 25 min of global ischemia, 60 min of reperfusion. Tissue samples were acquired at the end of reperfusion. NF-[kappa]B activity was determined by electrophoretic mobility shift assay. The NF-[kappa]B inhibitor, I[kappa]B-[alpha], was determined by Western blot analysis. Myocardial inflammatory mediators, including tumor necrosis factor [alpha], interleukin 1, intercellular adhesion molecule 1, and inducible nitric oxide synthase, were also assessed by Western blot analysis.
Results: Nuclear factor [kappa]B-DNA binding activity was significantly increased at the end of reperfusion in rat myocardium, and cytosolic I[kappa]B-[alpha] was decreased. Supershift assay revealed the involvement of NF-[kappa]B p65 and p50 subunits. APC with sevoflurane attenuated NF-[kappa]B activation and reduced the expression of tumor necrosis factor [alpha], interleukin 1, intercellular adhesion molecule 1, and inducible nitric oxide synthase. APC also reduced infarct size and creatine kinase release and improved myocardial left ventricular developed pressure during IR. 相似文献
Background: Adenosine triphosphate-regulated potassium channels mediate protection against myocardial infarction produced by volatile anesthetics and opioids. We tested the hypothesis that morphine enhances the protective effect of isoflurane by activating mitochondrial adenosine triphosphate-regulated potassium channels and opioid receptors.
Methods: Barbiturate-anesthetized rats (n = 131) were instrumented for measurement of hemodynamics and subjected to a 30 min coronary artery occlusion followed by 2 h of reperfusion. Myocardial infarct size was determined using triphenyltetrazolium staining. Rats were randomly assigned to receive 0.9% saline, isoflurane (0.5 and 1.0 minimum alveolar concentration [MAC]), morphine (0.1 and 0.3 mg/kg), or morphine (0.3 mg/kg) plus isoflurane (1.0 MAC). Isoflurane was administered for 30 min and discontinued 15 min before coronary occlusion. In eight additional groups of experiments, rats received 5-hydroxydecanoic acid (5-HD; 10 mg/kg) or naloxone (6 mg/kg) in the presence or absence of isoflurane, morphine, and morphine plus isoflurane.
Results: Isoflurane (1.0 MAC) and morphine (0.3 mg/kg) reduced infarct size (41 +/- 3%; n = 13 and 38 +/- 2% of the area at risk; n = 10, respectively) as compared to control experiments (59 +/- 2%; n = 10). Morphine plus isoflurane further decreased infarct size to 26 +/- 3% (n = 11). 5-HD and naloxone alone did not affect infarct size, but abolished cardioprotection produced by isoflurane, morphine, and morphine plus isoflurane. 相似文献
Since the beginning of this century, trans-
naso-sphenoidal resection of the pituitary fossa
tumors has been widely used clinically. It has
more merits than other operative approaches
used before. In China it has been adopted by
both ENT doctors and neurosurgeons since 1959.1
In order to afford some relevant anatomical
data, we measured 137 adult sagittal plane
skulls with distinct landmarks. 相似文献
In the management of ankle joint fractures, re-
duction and fixation of the lateral malleolus should
be emphasized. The lateral maUeolus should have
anatomical reduction and fixation should be reliable.
Fibular integrity is essential in stabilizing the
ankle joint. Routine section of the fibula may result
in separation of the inferior tibiofibular joint, ankle
instability and talus displacement. Eventually this
leads to traumatic arthritis. So special attention
should be paid to fibular resection, even partial
removal of the fibula for transplantation should be
carried out carefully. 相似文献
Acute pulmonary hypertension was caused by
inhalation of 5% 02 in rats. Pulmonary vascujar re-
sistance (PVR) increased, but heart rate (HR), cardiac
output (CO) and carotid arterial pressure (CAP) were
not obviously changed. After an intravenous admini-
stration of Radix Angelicae sinensis, the acute
pulmonary hypertension induced by inhalation of 5%
O2 could be attenuated, but this effect disappeared if
propranolol was given before Radix Angelicae sinensis.
In chronic experiments, the same results were
obtained, but the protective effect of Radix Angelicae
sinensis on heart function was not influenced by
propranolol. It is suggested that Radix Angelicae
sinensis rmght play a role by stimulating the
βz-receptor in the prevention of acute and chronic
hypoxic pulmonary hypertension. However, prevention
of hypertrophy of the right ventricle and enhancement
of heart function in chronic hypoxic rats might not be
attributed to the β1 receptor in the heart. 相似文献
Comparative studies are made on the relative
percentages of amino acid content and LDH isozyme
by electrophoresis and Slab-PAGE in adult worms
of Ascaris lumbricoides, Ascaris suum and Toxocara
canis. The results show that there are remarkable
differences of Arg and His of 17 amino acids bet.
ween Toxocara canis and human intestinal ascaris,
human biliary ascaris and pig ascaris; there are also
obvious differences of band positions of LDH
isozyme electrophoretic patterns and band position
and amount of slab-PAGE patterns among them,
whereas no marked differences are found in these
three indices in human intestinal ascaris, human
biliary ascaris and pig ascaris. 相似文献
INTRODUCTION The phenomenon of anaerobic ammonium oxidation was originally discovered in a denitrifying fluidized-bed reactor treating effluent from a methanogenic reactor in the 1990s[1]. Anaerobic ammonium oxidation (ANAMMOX) process is a strictly anaerobic denitrification process, in which ANAMMOX autotrophic bacteria directly oxidize ammonium to dinitrogen gas using nitrite as electron acceptor. In recent years, the anammox process has received great attention and lots of researc… 相似文献
A poptosis, an evolutionarily conserved form of cell suicide, oc- curs in two physiological stages: commitment and execution.[1] It has been found that several Bcl-2 family proteins are located in the outer mitochondrial membrane, where they control relea… 相似文献
Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics and imaging manifestations of AIDS complicated with disseminated Penicillium marneffei (PM) infection. Methods A total of 12 patients with AIDS complicated with disseminated PM infection were collected and the symptoms, signs, laboratory examination results and image manifestations of these patients were analyzed retrospectively. Results (1) The diagnosis of PM infection in all the 12 cases were confirmed by peripheral blood culture. All the 12 cases (100%) had irregular fever (38-41℃) and enlarged lymph nodes, 8 cases (66%) had skin rashes; 8 cases (66%) had hepatomegaly; 9 cases (75%) had splenomegaly while 8 cases (66%) had anemia. (2) Imaging manifestation: Five cases manifested bilateral pulmonary disseminated miliary nodular shadows or lattice signs; 1 case showed enlarged hilar lymph node and 2 cases showed patchy shadow with pleuritis. One case presented sub-pleural curve line shadow at the posterior part of the right lower lung, and adhesion between the intestinal wall and intestinal mesentery in mass form in the abdomen by CT examination. Conclusion Patients suffering from AIDS (CD4 T lymphocytes 〈50/μ L) with impaired immunity might be susceptible to complication of disseminated PM infection, which presents mainly damage of multiple organs and symptoms such as fever; enlargement of liver, spleen and lymph nodes, as well as specific skin maculopapular rashes. Imaging manifestations in the lungs were revealed as miliary nodular shadows and lattice-like shadows. Intensified abdominal CT might reveal presence of several enlarged postperitoneal lymph nodes and intestinal adhesion in shape of "cakes". 相似文献