保罗样激酶基因沉默体外抑制胶质瘤细胞侵袭与生长

目的观察保罗样激酶1基因(plk1)沉默对胶质瘤细胞株-H4体外生长的抑制作用,探讨plk1基因作为胶质瘤治疗靶点的可行性。方法化学合成小片断干扰RNA(siRNA)抑制plk1基因的表达,Western blot检测plk1蛋白质的表达变化,流式细胞仪检测H4细胞周期分布及凋亡程度的变化,体外侵袭实验检测H4细胞侵袭能力的变化,MTT法检测H4细胞增殖速度的变化。结果经siRNA作用48h后,plk1蛋白质水平明显降低;较多的H4细胞聚集于G2/M期附近(P<0.05);细胞凋亡明显上升(P<0.05);细胞体外侵袭能力下降(P<0.05);增殖速度明显缓于对照组(P< 0.05)。结论靶向plk1的siRNA可在体外抑制胶质瘤细胞H4的侵袭与增殖,plk1有可能成为新的潜在胶质瘤治疗靶点。     

床边调节式移动胸腔穿刺车的研制与应用

目的介绍床边调节式移动胸腔穿刺车的研制并观察其临床应用效果。方法自行设计并制作床边调节式移动胸腔穿刺车。将100例行胸腔穿刺术患者随机分为对照组和观察组各50例,对照组采用传统反坐靠背椅的方法行胸腔穿刺术,观察组采用床边调节式移动胸腔穿刺车行穿刺术。观察两组舒适程度。结果观察组患者穿刺时舒适度显著高于对照组（P〈0.01）。结论床边调节式移动胸腔穿刺车可提高患者术中的耐受力和舒适度。     

髋臼骨折经手术或非手术治疗失败后的晚期全髋关节置换术

目的探讨髋臼骨折经手术或非手术治疗失败后采用晚期全髋关节置换术（LTHA）治疗的方法与疗效。方法共16例16髋，其中男9例，女7例。年龄26～71岁（平均45岁）。首次骨折治疗：非手术6例（非手术组），切开复位内固定10例（手术组）。LTHA术前诊断：创伤性关节炎（PA）6例，股骨头无菌性坏死（NFH）5例，PA合并股骨头脱位5例。伤后至LTHA的时间为4个月～20年。假体选择与固定：采用陶瓷-陶瓷假体9例（陶瓷组），金属-聚乙烯臼假体7例（金属-聚乙烯组）。全部假体均采用生物学固定。结果无感染、脱位以及神经、血管损伤等并发症。术后X线片示臼杯覆盖固定以及股骨柄假体初始固定均优良。随访2～10年（平均6年）后，优12例，良2例，尚可2例（因原合并坐骨神经伤未恢复），至今无1例假体翻修或需要翻修治疗。结论①LTHA是髋臼骨折经手术或非手术治疗失败后的有效治疗方法；②髋臼骨折经手术治疗失败后的LTHA，由于广泛瘢痕、异位骨化、以及内固定阻挡等原因，手术难度显著大于经非手术治疗失败者；③采用非骨水泥固定以及采用界面耐磨损材料假体是改善LTHA远期疗效的关键。     

中切口切开法重睑成形术

目的介绍一种简便有效，恢复快的中切口重睑成形术。详细阐述该方法的手术要点，重睑成形术所遵循的原则等。方法术前灵活定位，局部麻醉下做长15mm的小切口，去除切口内部分眼轮匝肌及睑板前脂肪．将上睑皮肤与睑板固定。结果采用中切口切开法重睑成形术180例，效果满意。结论中切口重睑成形术创伤小，恢复快，是一种简便有效的方法。术中应严格遵循无创操作，宁窄勿宽，对过度依赖额肌的患者，手术前后进行睁眼训练。     

透明质酸钠预防粘连性肠梗阻术后再粘连临床观察

Objective To investigate the prevention of intestines adhesion about sodium hyaluronic acid in postoperative intestines adhesion.Methods Eighteen cases of adhesive intestine obstruction were done intestinal release or bowel resection.2～4mL sodium hyaluronic acid was put to the wound,anastigmatic and rough surface of peritoneal.Gastrointestinal decompression,anti-infective and infusion were taken after oper-ations.Followed up 8～24 months.Results Obstructive symptoms haven't happened,the effective rate is 100%.Only 2 cases have intermittent abdominal pain without obstruction,the incidence was 11%.Conclu-sion Sodium hylauronic acid is effective to prevent the adhesion of postoperative intestines adhesion,simp-ler use,fewer side-effects and great value to appliance.     

桑椹果酒酵母筛选及发酵性能

从桑椹成熟果实、桑叶以及桑果园的土壤采样，进行桑椹果酒专用酵母的筛选，得到一株在性能上优于对照菌葡萄酒干酵母的酵母菌Y11。该菌起酵快，从第2天开始糖度大幅度下降，酒精度快速上升，发酵第4天酒精体积分数即可达到10％以上。发酵过程pH值变化趋势比较平缓，发酵结束后高级醇量符合要求。综合发酵性能及感官评定，表明该菌能代替葡萄酒干酵母用于桑椹果酒的生产。     

改良Hoke跟腱滑动延长术治疗先天性马蹄内翻足

[目的]推荐一种治疗先天性马蹄内翻足的手术方法和要点,以提高疗效。[方法]采用Hoke术滑动分离延长跟腱加距下关节后关节囊和(或)加踝关节后关节囊松解术治疗先天性马蹄内翻足,共48例76足。男30例,女18例,双侧28例,单侧20例;平均年龄7个月,最小年龄4个月,最大18个月。术后平均随访1年6个月,最短6个月,最长为3年。[结果]畸形完全纠正为66足占86.84%,畸形复发5足占6.94%,其他2足占2.77%。[结论]改良的Hoke跟腱滑动延长较好的纠正了马蹄,距下关节松解跟骨与距骨之间充分的旋转复位,而使马蹄畸形得到更好的纠正。此种手术方法矫形可靠,简单安全,疗效肯定。     

经髂腹股沟入路治疗髋臼骨折18例初步体会

[目的]探讨经髂腹股沟入路治疗髋臼骨折的临床效果。[方法]自1998~2005年,切开复位内固定治疗有移位的髋臼骨折50例,其中18例经髂腹股沟入路。术后早期行CPM训练。[结果]本组2例伤口有渗出、换药2周后愈合;2例复位不满意,1年后出现骨性关节炎的X线表现,目前对日常生活无大影响,未做处理;1例螺钉误入髋臼;术中未发生血管神经损伤;骨折复位的效果采用Matta影像学评估标准,优15例,良2例,一般1例。[结论]髂腹股沟入路适合于髋臼前壁、前柱骨折及部分双柱、T形和横行骨折的切开复位。只要仔细操作,可以避免可能发生的并发症。     

PDCA循环在临床急救药品管理中的运用

目的探讨人流术室内空气中单位时间氧化亚氮的变化及对人的影响。方法对80例行人流手术患者在手术前、术者持续工作60min、术者持续工作70min和通风30min分别采样80、40、40、80份，并进行不同时段比较。结果手术70min 92．5％样本N2P释放量〉0.15mg／m^3，与手术前、手术60min及通风30min比较，差异有显著性意义（均P〈0.01）。结论氧化亚氮在无痛人流术操作过程中，时间〉60min会引起人体不适，需采取通风换气的措施，才能使空气净化。     

6%羟乙基淀粉130/0.4对患者硬膜外复合全麻诱导期肺循环的影响

Objective To observe the effect of pulmonary circulation by 6% hydroxyethyl starch 130/0.4 during induction period from epidural block combined with general anesthesia. Methods Twenty-six hepatobiliary surgical patients with ASA Ⅰ-Ⅱ, aged 32 y-59 y, weighing 54 kg-73 kg, were randomized into 2 groups(n=13): hydroxyethyl starch 130/0.4 group(HS)and complex acetic acid Ringer's solution (RL). Above-mentioned solutions were infused 7 ml/kg respectively before induction. The pulmonary circulation hemodynamic parameters such as pulmonary arterial systolic pressure (PASP), pulmonary arterial diastolic pressure (PADP), mean pulmonary artery pressure(MPAP), pulmonary artery wedge pressure(PAWP), pulmonary vascular resistance(PVR) and right ventricular stroke work(RVSW) were recorded at base value(T0), 10 min after infusion(T1), 5 min after induction(T2), 5 rain after intubation(T3), 10 rain after intubation(T4)and 20 min after intubation(T5). Results PASP、PADP、MPAP、PAWP and CVP were significantly higher in group HS at T, than the values at T0 (P<0.05); PVR in group HS was obviously lower from T1 to T5 than the value at To (P<0.05 or P<0.01); RVSW was significantly higher in two groups at T1 than base value (P<0.05), but that in group HS was lower than base value (P<0.05 or P<0.01); HR obviously decreased in two groups from T2 to T5 as compared with the value at T0 (P<0.05); MAP was lower from T3 to T5 than the value at To (P<0.05 or P<0.01). PVR was obviously lower in group HS from T1 to T5 than that in group RL (P<0.05 or P<0.01); MAP obviously increased from T2 to T5 in group HS as compared with the value in group RL(P<0.05 or P<0.01). Conclusion 6% hydroxyethyl starch 130/0.4 can obviously reduce PVR during induction pe-riod from epidural block combined with general anesthesia. In all, there is no effect on pulmonary circulation by 6% hydroxyethyl starch 130/0.4.