用PCR－RFLP方法研究江浙沪籍汉族人HLA－DQA1基因多态性

用ＰＣＲ技术扩增了９８例江浙沪籍汉族人ＨＬＡⅡ类ＤＱＡ１基因的第二个外显子，扩增产物经ＡｐａＬＩ，ＢｓａＪＩ，ＦｏｋＩ，ＨｐｈＩ，ＭｂｏⅡ和ＭｎｌＩ酶切分型，测定了江浙沪籍汉族人群８个ＤＱＡ１等位基因的分布频率，ＤＱＡ１＊０３０１为最常见等位基因。     

0,0′-二烷基-α-芳基-α-羟基甲基膦酸酯的合成及其灭螺增效活性的研究

合成了12个0,α—二烷基—α—芳基—α—羟基甲基膦酸酯类化合物(Ⅲ_(1-12))。初步杀螺筛选结果表明化合物Ⅲ_(5-8),Ⅲ_(11)具有一定灭螺增效作用。     

Cryptococcal antigen test revisited: significance for cryptococcal meningitis therapy monitoring in a tertiary chinese hospital

For a total of 29 non-human immunodeficiency virus 1 cryptococcal meningitis cases, titer changes in the latex agglutination test before and after therapy were reviewed along with clinical manifestations, laboratory findings, and therapy regimens. The cryptococcal antigen titer decreased for every case after therapy and was correlated to fungal clearance as defined by fungus smear and/or culture. However, cryptococcal antigen can remain at low titers for long periods of time after therapy, even when fungus smears and/or cultures become negative.     

Disseminated Bacille Calmette-Guérin disease as the initial presentation of X-linked severe combined immunodeficiency--a case report

Bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG) vaccination is used to prevent severe M. tuberculosis infection. It has been used in many countries for a long time. However, complications do occur, including localized abscesses, regional lymphadenitis and disseminated disease. The latter is often associated with underlying immunodeficiency. We report an 8-month-old male infant presenting with cough and fever who had had a generalized pigmented skin rash for one month. Skin biopsy revealed mycobacterial infection, but his response to treatment was poor and he had a persistent mild fever. Immunological studies revealed an IgG of 49 mg/dl, IgA 4 mg/dl, IgM 28 mg/dl, IgE < 1 mg/dl, CD3 1.1%, CD4 0.6%, CD8 0.6%, CD19 93.9%, CD57 1.1%, activated T cells 0.9%, and CH50 < 6.3%. These findings are compatible with the diagnosis of T(-)B(+)NK- severe combined immunodeficiency. Sequence analysis was performed and showed the presence of missense mutation in IL2Rgamma gene. An X-linked recessive inheritance pattern was proved by sequence analysis of his mother and grandmother. In order to identify the strain of the microorganism, we reviewed pathology of the skin biopsy which consisted of diffuse histiocytic infiltrate with poorly formed granulomas and no necrosis and used polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with the stain-positive clinical specimen and verify the organism found in the child's biopsy as M. bovis BCG strain. The diagnosis of disseminated BCG disease must be considered in any infant with cutaneous mycobacterial lesions, especially with atypical histologic findings. Such a patient's immunologic status should be evaluated and further family study is suggested. A high index of suspicion is needed to make a timely diagnosis, as early intervention with intensive treatment and bone marrow transplantation may be life-saving.     

Taser penetrating ocular injury

PURPOSE: To describe the presentation and treatment of a Taser penetrating ocular injury. DESIGN: Case report. METHODS: A 50-year-old man with a Taser injury 1.5 cm below the right lower eyelid margin was admitted to the emergency department of a tertiary hospital. The case report describes the ophthalmic assessment, investigation, treatment, and outcome of the Taser barb penetrating ocular injury. RESULTS: The Taser has a fish hook barb that caused a full-thickness wound adequately large for vitreous to escape when the Taser was removed. Consequently, the scleral wound was repaired and cryopexy was performed. The affected eye made a satisfactory recovery, and the visual acuity was 6/9 with a pinhole 1 week after operation. CONCLUSIONS: Any Taser injury around the orbits should raise the suspicion of a penetrating ocular injury. In likely cases, removal of the Taser should be performed in an operating theater under general anesthesia.     

Intracellular dopamine oxidation mediates rotenone-induced apoptosis in PC12 cells

Aim: To study the role of dopamine (DA) in rotenone-induced neurotoxicity in PC12 cells. Methods: Cell viability was assessed by detecting the leakage of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) into the medium. Apoptosis rate was measured by flow cytometry. Caspase-3-1ike activity was measured by fluorescence assay using the probe Ac-DEVD-AMC. The level of intracellular hydrogen peroxide and other peroxides in PC12 cells were quantified by loading cells with 2‘-7‘-Dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA) in fluorescence assay. Lactic acid was measured spectrophotometrically. The DA levels in PC 12 cells weredetermined by HPLC-ECD. Results: A 48-h incubation of PC 12 cells with rotenone caused an apoptotic cell death and elevated intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lactic acid accumulation. Intracellular DA depletion with reserpine significantly attenuated rotenone-induced ROS accumulation and apoptotic cell death. No change was found in rotenone-induced ROS accumulation when cells were co-treated with deprenyl. Brief treatment with reserpine at the end of rotenone treatment had no effect on rotenone-induced neurotoxicity. However, when cells were first incubated with deprenyl, a monoamine oxidase-B inhibitor for 30 min then co-incubated with rotenone plus deprenyl, a brief treatment with reserpine enhanced cell injury. Conclusion: Rotenone-inducedapoptosisinPC12 cells was mediated by intracellular dopamine oxidation.     

Application of capillary zone electrophoresis in the separation and determination of the curcuminoids in urine

The major components of the plant curcuma longa are the curcuminoids that include curcumin, demethoxycurcumin and bisdemethoxycurcumin. It has been reported the curcuminoids have some important activities. A new CZE method with diode array detection has been developed for the separation and determination of the curcumin, demethoxycurcumin and bisdemethoxycurcumin. Three curcuminoids could be readily separated within 7 min with a 15 mM sodium tetraborate buffer containing 10% methanol (v/v) at pH 10.8, 25 kV and 30 degrees C. The method has been validated and shows good performance with respect to selectivity, reproducibility, linearity, limits of detection and recovery. The proposed method was successfully applied to determine the curcuminoids in urine.     

Malignant hypertension secondary to cortisol-secreting adrenal tumour

Adrenal cortical tumour-induced malignant hypertension is rare, except for some documented aldosterone-producing adenomas. Hypertension is a common feature of Cushing's syndrome, whereas malignant hypertension is rarely seen. This case in Taiwan is only the second reported case with malignant hypertension secondary to a cortisol-secreting adrenal tumour. The immunohistochemical study of the excised tumour showed strong positive staining of interleukin (IL)-6. IL-6 can trigger inflammatory vascular damage, which is typical in the malignant phase of hypertension. We hypothesise that IL-6 may have played an important role in this case.