Variations in structure within the trabecular bone of the mandible

ABSTRACT— A study of the intramandibular variations in bone mass, coarseness of the bone trabeculae and bone activity between incisor, premolar, and molar regions has been carried out, as well as estimation of possible differences in these variations between groups of mandibles with different dentition. The material consisted of 24 autopsy specimens of half mandibles from normal subjects. Microradiograms of ground sections from incisor, premolar, and molar regions were used. Quantitation of bone mass was done by an electronic point-counting system. The analysis indicates that (1) the variations in bone mass within same region are marked, (2) trabecular bone is denser and more delicately woven in the incisor region than in either premolar or molar regions, where mass of bone is the same, although there is probably more delicately woven trabecular bone in molar region, (3) bone activity lies on the same level all over in trabecular bone within the mandibular body and (4) the variations of these factors seem to be independent of state of dentition in the single mandible.     

Comparative Investigation of the Antiarrhythmic Effect of Propafenone (Rytmonorm) and Lidocaine in Patients with Ventricular Arrhythmias during Acute Myocardial Infarction

ABSTRACT Propafenone, a new class I antiarrhythmic drug, given as a bolus injection followed by oral medication, or lidocaine were given to 20 consecutive patients admitted with chest pain suggesting acute myocardial infarction and showing high grades, i.e. multiform, pairs or R-on-T premature ventricular complexes or short runs of ventricular tachycardia. Before institution of therapy the mean number (±1 SD) of premature ventricular contractions (PVCs) per hour was 169±123 in the lidocaine group and 324±440 in the propafenone group. During the next 24 hours lidocaine reduced the numbers of PVCs by 73% and propafenone by 75%. The mean number (±1 SD) of 5-minute periods with high grade PVCs was 4.3±2.9 in the lidocaine group and 5.8±4.5 in the propafenone group. During therapy this number was equally reduced in both groups to 2.4. One patient in the lidocaine group developed ventricular fibrillation and three patients in the propafenone group were excluded because of increasing numbers of PVCs. One patient in the propafenone group showed a torsade-de-pointes ventricular tachycardia.     

逍遥散联合针灸治疗面神经炎30例

[目的]观察逍遥散联合针灸治疗面神经炎疗效。[方法]将60例1周内急性发病门诊患者随机分为两组。对照组30例针灸治疗,1次/d,口服维生素B1、B12。治疗组30例在对照组基础上加用逍遥散汤剂口服,3次/d。两组均30 d为1疗程。治疗1疗程(4d)进行疗效判定。[结果]治疗组痊愈20例,显效5例,有效2例,无效3例,总有效率90.00%。对照组痊愈10例,显效3例,有效2例,无效15例,总有效率50.00%。治疗组疗效优于对照组(P<0.01)。[结论]逍遥散联合针灸治疗面神经炎疗效满意。     

Responsiveness to Diving Reflex after Acute Myocardial Infarction: Influence of Early β-Adrenoceptor Blocker Therapy

We studied the influence of β-adrenoceptor blockade on heart rate responses to facial immersion in ice-cooled water after acute myocardial infarction. Forty patients with acute myocardial infarction were randomized to the double-blind therapy with metoprolol 200 mg daily or matching placebo. Therapy was started as soon as possible after admission to hospital and continued for 15 days. After this initial period all patients were treated with β-blockade during the subsequent 6 months. Repeated investigations of heart rate responses to facial immersion in ice-cooled water and 24-hour ECG-recordings were performed on day 15 (while patients were on study therapy), after 6 weeks, 3 and 6 months. Throughout the 6-month period, facial immersion elicited significant heart rate reductions in both treatment groups. No differences were found between the two groups or between different examinations during follow-up. There was no correlation between heart rate response to facial immersion and frequency of ventricular arrhythmia on a 24-hour monitoring. In conclusion, acute administration of metoprolol in myocardial infarction does not influence the bradycardial response to facial immersion either in the early postinfarction phase or during 6 months' follow-up. There is no relation between bradycardial response to face immersion and frequency of ventricular arrhythmias.     

Cerebral Venous Malformations

Cerebral venous malformations (CVM) are increasingly being recognised with the widespread use of CT scanning. Five cases are presented which demonstrate typical angiographic features and CT findings. These lesions when located in the cerebral hemispheres are benign and have been distinguished from the better known arteriovenous malformations on the basis of their characteristic angiographic features. CT findings have been considered nonspecific but our early post contrast CT scans demonstrate characteristic features suggesting that in many cases the diagnosis of cerebral venous malformations may be made on the CT scan alone.     

Interaction between prejunctional α2-receptors and neuronal transmitter reuptake in small mesenteric arteries from the rat

The role of the prejunctional α₂-receptors for the response to vaso-constrictor nerve stimulation has been examined before and after inhibition of neuronal transmitter reuptake in mesenteric resistance vessels from the rat. Small arteries (diameter about 200 μm) feeding the jejunum were mounted in a myograph for recording of their isometric wall tension during transmural field stimulation of the intramural nerves. Blockade of prejunctional α₂-receptors with 0.01 μm idazoxan (RX 781094) caused a marginal potentiation of the neurogenic response when neuronal reuptake was left intact. Also, inhibition of reuptake alone with 3 μm cocaine had little effect on the response. However, when both α₂-receptors and reuptake had been inhibited, a strong enhancement of the neurogenic vasoconstriction was observed. Similar findings were made when yohimbine and LU 3–010 instead were used for α₂-blockade and reuptake inhibition, respectively. The results thus indicate that in these resistance arteries the effector response is normally influenced by the combined activity of α₂-receptors and uptake, and that failure of one mechanism increases the activity of the other, so as to maintain a largely constant effector response.     

Fluoroscopic Technique of Subclavian Venous Puncture for Permanent Pacing: A Safer and Easier Approach

Infraclavicular subclavian puncture may be performed with fluoroscopic observation of the needle trajectory. In 92 patients so implanted between July 1985 and May 1987 uneventful venous access was achieved in 90, one was unsuccessful and one patient had subcutaneous emphysema, a complication rate of 2.2%.     

Everyday- and dental-pain experiences in healthy Swedish 8–19 year olds: an epidemiological study

Background.  Very little is known about children's everyday pains and dental treatment pains. A child's gender, age, and level of dental anxiety are factors that could interplay with the perception of pain and are thus worth studying.
Aim.  The objectives of this study were to investigate the frequency and reported intensity levels of children's everyday- and dental-pain experiences, and to study the reported pains in relation to gender, age, and dental anxiety.
Design.  Three hundred and sixty-eight consecutive patients (8–19 years, mean age 13.5 years) from three different Public Dental Service were recruited. Pain ratings were obtained using McGrath's Children's Pain Inventory list and some additional items. Dental anxiety was estimated by the Dental Anxiety Scale.
Results.  Most frequently experienced everyday pains were headache and tummy/stomach ache. Among dental treatment events, dental injection was reported to be most often ranked as painful, and more frequently by girls. Both dental and everyday pains were rated higher grouping children with high dental anxiety.
Conclusions.  The frequency of pain experiences are the same in Swedish children as in other populations. There is a relation between dental anxiety and the perception of pain.     

Drosophila Rolling pebbles colocalises and putatively interacts with alpha-Actinin and the Sls isoform Zormin in the Z-discs of the sarcomere and with Dumbfounded/Kirre, alpha-Actinin and Zormin in the terminal Z-discs

The rolling pebbles gene of Drosophila encodes two proteins, one of which, Rols7, is essential for myoblast fusion. In addition, Rols 7 is expressed during myofibrillogenesis and in the mature muscles. Here it overlaps with alpha-Actinin (α-Actn) and the N-terminus of D-Titin/Kettin/Zormin in the Z-line of the sarcomeres. In the attachment sites of the somatic muscles, Rols7 and the immunoglobulin superfamily protein Dumbfounded/Kin of irreC (Duf/Kirre) colocalise. As Duf/Kirre is detectable only transiently, it may be involved in establishing the first contact of the outgrowing muscle fiber to the epidermal attachment site. We propose that Rols7 and Duf/Kirre link the terminal Z-disc to the cell membrane by direct interaction. This is supported by the fact that in yeast two hybrid assays the tetratricopeptide repeat E (TPR E) of Rols7 shows interaction with the intracellular domain of Duf/Kirre. The colocalisation of Rols7 with α-Actn and with D-Titin/Kettin/Zormin in the Z-dics is reflected in␣interactions with different domains of Rols7 in this assay. In summary, these data show that besides the role in myoblast fusion, Rols7 is a scaffold protein during myofibrillogenesis and in the Z-line of the sarcomere as well as in the terminal Z-disc linking the muscle to the epidermal attachment sites.