胸腔镜下肋骨固定在严重钝性胸部损伤合并血气胸中的效果观察

目的 探讨胸腔镜下肋骨固定在严重钝性胸部损伤合并血气胸中的效果。方法 选取200例严重钝性胸部损伤合并中量以上血气胸患者作为研究对象,按照患者意愿分为对照组和研究组,每组100例。对照组采用胸腔闭式引流处理血气胸同期行肋骨固定,研究组采用胸腔镜探查同期行肋骨固定。比较2组治疗前后肺功能、炎症因子水平、心率、呼吸频率、血氧饱和度、疼痛程度和治疗效果、术后并发症发生率。结果 治疗前,2组心率、肺功能指标、呼吸频率、血氧饱和度、疼痛程度和白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、C反应蛋白(CRP)水平比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。治疗后,2组血氧饱和度、IL-6、TNF-α、CRP水平高于治疗前,心率、呼吸频率、疼痛程度低于治疗前,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后,研究组肺功能指标水平、血氧饱和度高于对照组,心率、呼吸频率、疼痛程度、术后并发症发生率以及IL-6、NTF-α、CRP水平低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。研究组治疗总有效率为98.00%,高于对照组的72.00%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 胸...     

Preparation and defect structure analysis of near-stoichiometric lithium tantalate wafers

A vapour transfer equilibrium (VTE) method has been used to prepare near-stoichiometric lithium tantalate (NSLT) crystals with different Li contents. The NSLT crystals were tested and analyzed by differential thermal analysis (DTA) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) to investigate the effect of Li content on the Curie temperature and internal defects of NSLT crystals. This study found that when the Li content increased in the NSLT wafer, the binding energy corresponding to the peak of the Ta_4f electron layer in the XPS spectrum first decreased and then increased, indicating that the proportion of Ta valence states was different in wafers with different Li contents. From XPS energy spectrum analysis, it can be seen that the lithium tantalate crystal contains Ta⁵⁺, Ta⁴⁺, Ta³⁺ and lower-valence Ta. As the Li content increases in the NSLT wafer, Ta⁴⁺ disappears and the proportion of Ta⁵⁺ decreases initially, follows by a later increase and then subsequent further decrease. However, the change in proportion of Ta³⁺ and lower-price Ta is completely opposite to that of Ta⁵⁺, showing a trend of first rising, then falling and then finally rising again. Moreover, when the Li content is 49.751% in the NSLT wafer, the proportion of Ta⁵⁺ reaches a maximum, showing that at this Li concentration the NSLT crystal has a more perfect lattice structure. In this study, we propose a mixed defect model in which polarons coexist with Li vacancies and Ta inversion, explaining the change in Ta valence state in lithium tantalate crystals. This model is more in line with the observed results in this work. The new hybrid defect model and the variation law of Ta valence state with Li concentration proposed in this paper provide a new direction and experimental proof for the defect study of NSLT crystals, and also provide a theoretical basis to explore the Li content at the best physical properties of NSLT crystals.

A vapour transfer equilibrium (VTE) method has been used to prepare near-stoichiometric lithium tantalate (NSLT) crystals with different Li contents.     

Recombinant Bovine Herpesvirus Type I Expressing the Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus E2 Protein Could Effectively Prevent Infection by Two Viruses

Bovine respiratory disease complex (BRDC) is a comprehensive disease in cattle caused by various viral and bacterial infections. Among them, bovine herpesvirus type I (BoHV−1) and bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) play important roles and have caused huge financial losses for the cattle industry worldwide. At present, vaccines against BRDC include trivalent attenuated BoHV−1, BVDV−1, and BVDV−2 live vaccines, BoHV−1 live attenuated vaccines, and BoHV−1/BVDV bivalent live attenuated vaccines, which have limitations in terms of their safety and efficacy. To solve these problems, we optimized the codon of the BVDV−1 E2 gene, added the signal peptide sequence of the BoHV−1 gD gene, expressed double BVDV−1 E2 glycoproteins in tandem at the BoHV−1 gE gene site, and constructed a BoHV−1 genetics-engineered vectored vaccine with gE gene deletion, named BoHV−1 gE/E2−Linker−E2⁺ and BoHV−1 ΔgE. This study compared the protective effects in BoHV−1, BoHV−1 ΔgE, BoHV−1 gE/E2−Linker−E2⁺, and BVDV−1 inactivated antigen immunized guinea pigs and calves. The results showed that BoHV−1 gE/E2−Linker−E2⁺ could successfully induce guinea pigs and calves to produce specific neutralizing antibodies against BVDV−1. In addition, after BoHV−1 and BVDV−1 challenges, BoHV−1 gE/E2−Linker−E2⁺ can produce a specific neutralizing antibody response against BoHV−1 and BVDV−1 infections. Calves immunized with this type of virus can be distinguished as either vaccinated animals (gE^-) or naturally infected animals (gE⁺). In summary, our data suggest that BoHV−1 gE/E2−Linker−E2⁺ and BoHV−1 ΔgE have great potential to prevent BVDV−1 or BoHV−1 infection.     

Successful limb salvage in progressive proximal tibia osteosarcoma following denosumab chemotherapy: A case report

Rationale:Osteosarcoma (OS) is a primary malignant bone tumor that originates in the mesenchymal tissue. It is the most common type of pleomorphic tumor occurring in children and adolescents. Currently, there is no established systematic treatment for OS that progresses during standard preoperative chemotherapy.Patient concerns and diagnoses:We describe a 14-year-old male patient with a 4-month history of pain in the upper right leg. Based on the results of percutaneous biopsy, a diagnosis of OS was made. After admission, the patient was treated with first-line chemotherapy agents. After a single course of treatment, the tumor progressed locally and no limb salvage was feasible.Interventions and outcomes:Intervention with denosumab combined with chemotherapy led to a significant reduction in tumor volume and ossification of soft tissue, which successfully resulted in limb salvage rather than amputation. The patient showed no evidence of recurrent or distant metastasis at 6-month follow-up.Lessons:Treatment with receptor activator of nuclear factor-ĸB ligand inhibitor denosumab combined with standard chemotherapy is effective for advanced OS progressing after chemotherapy. We recommend denosumab therapy for successful limb salvage in patients with high-grade OS associated with osteolytic bone destruction and refractory to preoperative neoadjuvant chemotherapy.     

Brief Report: Dynamic calcium signals mediate the feeding response of the carnivorous sundew plant

Some of the most spectacular examples of botanical carnivory—in which predator plants catch and digest animals presumably to supplement the nutrient-poor soils in which they grow—occur within the Droseraceae family. For example, sundews of the genus Drosera have evolved leaf movements and enzyme secretion to facilitate prey digestion. The molecular underpinnings of this behavior remain largely unknown; however, evidence suggests that prey-induced electrical impulses are correlated with movement and production of the defense hormone jasmonic acid (JA), which may alter gene expression. In noncarnivorous plants, JA is linked to electrical activity via changes in cytoplasmic Ca²⁺. Here, we find that dynamic Ca²⁺ changes also occur in sundew (Drosera spatulata) leaves responding to prey-associated mechanical and chemical stimuli. Furthermore, inhibition of these Ca²⁺ changes reduced expression of JA target genes and leaf movements following chemical feeding. Our results are consistent with the presence of a conserved Ca²⁺-dependent JA signaling pathway in the sundew feeding response and provide further credence to the defensive origin of plant carnivory.     

多模态功能磁共振成像在高强度聚焦超声消融子宫肌瘤中的研究进展

子宫肌瘤是育龄期女性最常见的妇科良性肿瘤,高强度聚焦超声(high intensity focused ultrasound,HIFU)是治疗子宫肌瘤的一种非侵入性技术,依靠超声波的热能和机械能在监控影像的引导下消融靶组织,导致组织凝固性坏死。功能磁共振成像在评估HIFU消融子宫肌瘤的有效性和安全性中发挥了重要作用,能无创提供功能、灌注和代谢信息用于HIFU术前疗效预测、术后疗效评估及观察周围组织变化。本文就多模态功能磁共振成像在HIFU消融子宫肌瘤中的研究进展予以综述。     

LGALS3BP in Microglia Promotes Retinal Angiogenesis Through PI3K/AKT Pathway During Hypoxia

PurposeRetinal microglia promote angiogenesis and vasculopathy in oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR); however, its specific molecular mechanism in the formation of retinal angiogenesis remains unclear. The lectin galactoside-binding soluble 3 binding protein (LGALS3BP), a member of the scavenger receptor cysteine-rich (SRCR) domain protein family, is involved in tumor neovascularization, and we therefore hypothesized that LGALS3BP plays an active role in microglia-induced angiogenesis.MethodsThe expression of LGALS3BP in microglia was detected by immunofluorescence, RT-qPCR, and western blotting. Functional assays of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) such as migration, proliferation, and tube formation were measured by Transwell, EdU, and Matrigel assays. Angiogenesis-related factors and PI3K/AKT levels were detected by western blotting. The relationship between LGALS3BP and PI3K or HIF-1α was investigated by immunoprecipitation.ResultsOur results showed that the expression of LGALS3BP was significantly increased in microglia surrounding neovascularization of the OIR mice and was also upregulated in human microglial clone 3 (HMC3) cells after hypoxia. Moreover, HUVECs co-cultured with hypoxic HMC3 cells showed increased migration, proliferation, and tube formation, as well as levels of angiogenesis-related factor. However, the proangiogenic ability and angiogenesis-related factor expression of HMC3 cells was suppressed after silencing LGALS3BP. LGALS3BP induces the upregulation of angiogenesis-related factors through the PI3K/AKT pathway and then promotes angiogenesis in microglia.ConclusionsCollectively, our findings suggest that LGALS3BP in microglia plays an important role in angiogenesis, suggesting a potential therapeutic target of LGALS3BP for angiogenesis.     

渐进性肌肉放松在临床治疗应用中的研究与进展★

学术背景：渐进性肌肉放松是一种放松疗法，国外己将这一技术应用于多种心身疾病的临床治疗中，有效地帮助患者减轻负性情绪，适应治疗，改善生理功能。国内对这一技术也日益重视，但相关研究尚不多。 目的：对渐进性肌肉放松的概念、原理、历史发展予以介绍，侧重回顾关于渐进性肌肉放松在心身疾病临床治疗中的应用。 检索策略：由心理学及心身疾病研究人员应用计算机检索PubMed数据库（http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez）1985-01/2007-10有关渐进性肌肉放松训练临床治疗应用方面的文献，检索词 “Progressing Relaxation, Progressive Muscle Relaxation Training, Intervention, Treatment, relaxation and relaxation effect”等，限定语言种类为English。同时检索中国科技期刊全文数据库（http://www.edu.cnki.net）1990-01/2007-10有关渐进性肌肉放松训练临床治疗应用方面的文献，检索词 “渐进性肌肉放松，渐进性放松，干预”，限定语言种类为中文。初步检索的文献量为外文636篇，中文15篇。对资料进行初审，纳入标准：渐进性肌肉放松训练的概念、原理、发展及其在心身疾病临床治疗方面的应用。排除标准：重复性研究。 文献评价：根据标准筛选共检索到文献32篇，其中外文23篇，中文文献9篇；3篇为综述，其余均为临床与实验研究。 资料综合：内容包括以下几方面：①渐进性肌肉放松训练对患者情绪状态的影响。②渐进性肌肉放松对患者生理生化指标的影响。③渐进性肌肉放松对患者生活质量的影响。④渐进性肌肉放松与其他心理干预方法的联合使用。 结论：渐进性肌肉放松训练简单易行、无副作用、不需专门的仪器，可以随时随地进行。既往研究表明，此技术能快速有效地降低多种心身疾病患者的应激水平，改善情绪状态，减轻疼痛和恶心呕吐，改善心血管和免疫系统功能，提高远期生活质量。但目前对渐进性肌肉放松疗法的效果仍有争议。     

实习护生工作场所欺凌现状及其影响因素

目的 了解实习护生工作场所欺凌现状及其影响因素,为针对性干预工作场所欺凌行为提供参考。 方法 以便利抽样方法抽取实习护生315名,采用中文版负性行为问卷进行调查。 结果 实习护生工作场所欺凌得分为31.43±9.92,在过去6个月中遭受工作场所欺凌的实习护生107人（33.97%）。不同学历层次、生源地、学习成绩、就读护理专业原因的实习护生感受的工作场所欺凌得分比较,差异有统计学意义（均P<0.01）。多元逐步回归分析显示,就读护理专业原因、生源地、学历层次是实习护生感受工作场所欺凌的主要影响因素（P<0.05,P<0.01）。 结论 实习护生感知工作场所欺凌的比例偏高,护理管理者和教育者应当予以重视,采取有效防范措施和针对性教育,减少工作场所欺凌的发生。