国产达美康治疗Ⅱ型糖尿病的临床观察

本文应用国产达美康对71例NIDDM患者进行了临床观察,同时以优降糖做对照。结果显示:达美康降糖效果与优降糖相当,降血脂方面优于优降糖,并可降低全血粘度,而对照组无此变化,提示达美康在降低血粘度、改善微循环、防治糖尿病性微血管病变上有它独特的作用。结果表明达美康是治疗NIDDM安全而有效的口服降糖药。     

肢体不同延长速度对局部血流量的影响

本文报告20只兔胫骨以不同速度延长时用末梢微循环测定系统动态连续监测局部血流量变化的结果,发现一次延长>1 mm时,局部肌肉血流量开始急骤下降,恢复延长前血流量所需的时间>8 h。作者认为肢体的血管、肌肉等组织对1 mm/次/d延长速度有相当大的生物适应性。延长速度>1 mm/次/d易造成局部血流量大幅度减少。延长肢肌肉萎缩、肌力减弱可能与血流量减少有关。     

大肠癌组织p53基因突变及其与临床病理关系的探讨

应用非同位素标记ＰＣＲ－ＳＳＣＰ技术对３４例大肠癌组织ｐ５３基因第五外显子突变进行了检测。结果：５０％（１１／２２）结肠癌，８．３％（１／１２）直肠癌存在ｐ５３基因突变，低分化腺癌高于高、中分化腺癌（Ｐ＜０．０５），ＤｕｋｅｓＢ、Ｃ期高于ＤｕｋｅｓＡ期（Ｐ＜０．０５），ｐ５３基因第五外显子突变在已发生淋巴转移的大肠癌组织中呈现较强的趋势。提示：检测结肠癌原发灶ｐ５３基因第五外显子突变，对指导结肠癌的诊断、治疗及预后判断具有一定意义     

Ocular injuries from accidental laser exposure

This report presents 29 cases of ocular injury (31 eyes) caused by accidental laser exposure. Twenty-eight eyes were injured during laser adjustment and alignment. Nineteen eyes were damaged by Q-switched lasers at a wavelength of 1064 nm. Macula damage occurred in 25 eyes. During the early phase after injury, there were different degrees of retinal coagulation, edema or hemorrhage in exposed spots and there occurred immediate reduction of visual acuity. Effusion of blood and exudate was absorbed in most injured eyes under treatment lasting several weeks; meanwhile, gray-white scars appeared. Macular holes appeared in seven cases a week after injury, thus extending the course of the injury. Nine cases (10 eyes) were followed-up for 4-10 y, during which time the condition of eight cases (nine eyes) remained stable. The causes of the laser accidents and the relationship between the damage effects and exposure doses were analyzed.     

镇痛灵对雄性1型糖尿病大鼠性功能的影响

目的 :本实验以成年雄性大鼠为研究对象 ,观察和探讨中药镇痛灵对糖尿病大鼠性功能的影响。　方法 :3～ 5月龄雄性Wistar大鼠 32只 ,随机分为糖尿病组 2 2只 ,正常对照组 10只。 72h后 ,将造模成功的糖尿病大鼠随机分为 2组 :未治疗组 ;镇痛灵治疗组。第 5周测血糖 ,阿朴吗啡勃起实验后 ,乙醚麻醉下断头取血 ,分离血清 ,取一侧睾丸组织制成匀浆液 ,测定血清及组织匀浆中NO及NOS水平。　结果 :糖尿病大鼠与正常对照组比较 ,血清NO、NOS明显降低 ,差异有高度显著性 (P <0 .0 0 1) ;镇痛灵治疗组血清NO、NOS值与未治疗组比较明显升高 ,差异有显著性 (P <0 .0 1) ;阿朴吗啡勃起实验证实 ,镇痛灵治疗组大鼠阴茎勃起次数明显多于未治疗组 ,差异有显著性(P <0 .0 1) ,而与正常对照组比较 ,差异无显著性 (P >0 .0 5 )。　结论 :复方中药合剂镇痛灵有降血糖作用 ,对糖尿病并发的性功能障碍有一定治疗作用。     

原发性十二指肠肿瘤43例诊治分析

目的　探讨原发性十二指肠肿瘤 (PTD)的诊断和治疗。方法　回顾性分析我院 1995 2 0 0 3年间 4 3例PTD的临床资料。结果　十二指肠镜确诊率为 85 .7% ,B超检查的阳性率为 5 5 .6 % ,CT检查阳性率为 80 % ,肿瘤位于十二指肠降段 (乳头部或其对侧 ) 35例 ,占 81.4 % ,2例平滑肌瘤切除术后存活 5年以上 ,1例乳头部腺瘤行肿瘤局部切除术后半年出现黄疸 ,病因不详。 4例间质瘤均健在且生存 16 2 1个月 ,36例原发性十二指肠恶性肿瘤中胰头十二指肠切除 18例 ,节段切除 1例 ,手术切除率为 5 1.2 %。结论　B超、CT、纤维十二指肠镜检查是诊断PTD的主要手段。手术切除是最基本有效的治疗方法。对于良性肿瘤可行局部肿瘤切除、十二指肠节段切除或经内镜切除。对于恶性肿瘤 ,胰十二指肠切除术是首选术式。     

银杏叶提取物对宫内缺氧新生大鼠神经细胞凋亡的保护效应

目的 探讨银杏叶提取物(EGb)对宫内缺氧新生大鼠急性脑缺血损伤的保护作用。方法 夹闭妊娠大鼠子宫血管，制成急性脑缺血损伤新生鼠模型，治疗组给予腹腔注射EGb，在生后不同时间比较两组仔鼠脑组织含水量、NO的变化,神经型一氧化氮合酶(nNOS)的表达及神经细胞凋亡情况变化。结果 急性脑缺血后，脑组织含水量明显增加，NO的含量迅速上升，同时凋亡细胞数增加，两者成直线正相关。EGb治疗后NO含量显著低于未治疗组，同时观察到治疗组的nNOS表达明显降低，凋亡细胞数量减少。结论EGb对急性缺血引起的脑损伤有保护作用。     

Changes in hippocampal neurons and memory function during the developmental stage of newborn rats with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy

BACKGROUND: Under the normal circumstance, there exist some synapses with inactive functions in central nervous system (CNS), but these functions are activated following nerve injury. At the early stage of brain injury, the abnormal functions of brain are varied, and they have very strong plasticity and are corrected easily. OBJECTIVE: To observe the changes of neuronal morphology in hippocampal CA1 region and memory function in newborn rats with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy(HIE) from ischemia 6 hours to adult. DESIGN: Completely randomized grouping, controlled experiment. SETTING: Taian Health Center for Women and Children; Taishan Medical College. MATERIALS: Altogether 120 seven-day-old Wistar rats, of clean grade, were provided by the Experimental Animal Center, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine. Synaptophysin (SYN) polyclonal antibody was provided by Maixin Biological Company, Fuzhou. METHODS: This experiment was carried out in the Laboratory of Morphology, Taishan Medical College between October 2000 and December 2003. ① The newborn rats were randomly divided into 2 groups: model group and control group, 60 rats in each group. Five rats were chosen from each group at postoperative 6 hours, 24 hours, 72 hours, 7 days, 2 weeks and 3 weeks separately for immunohistochemical staining. Fifteen newborn rats were chosen from each group at postoperative 4 weeks and 2 months separately for testing memory ability (After test, 5 rats from each group were sacrificed and used for immunohistochemical staining)② The right common carotid artery of newborn rats of model group was ligated under the anesthetized status. After two hours of incubation, the rats were placed for 2 hours in a container filled with nitrogen oxygen atmosphere containing 0.08 volume fraction of oxygen, thus, HIE models were created; As for the newborn rats in the control group, only blood vessels were isolated, and they were not ligated and hypoxia-treated. ③ Thalamencephal tissue sections of newborn rats of two groups were performed DAB developing and haematoxylin slight staining. Cells with normal nucleous in 250 μm-long granular layer which started from hippocampal CA1 region were counted with image analysis system under high-fold optical microscope (×600), and the thickness of granular layer was measured. The absorbance (A) of positive reactant of SYN in immunohistochemically-stained CA1 region was measured. Learning and memory ability were measured with step through test 3 times successively. ④ t test and paired t test were used for comparing intergroup and intragroup difference of measurement data respectively, and Chi-square for comparing the difference of enumeration data. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Comparison of cytological changes in hippocampal CA1 region and memory ability at different postoperative time points between two groups. RESULTS: Totally 120 newborn rats were involved in the result analysis. ① Cell morphological changes in hippocampal CA1 region: In the control group, with aging, perikaryon, nucleus and nucleolus in cortex of parietal lobe were significantly increased, Nissl body was compacted, the amount of neurons was declined, but the A of SYN positive reactant was relatively increased. In the model group, at postoperative each time point, neurons were seriously shrunk and dark-stained, nucleus was contracted, chromatin was condensed, nucleolus was unclear, even cells disappeared, especially the cells in 6 hours and 24 hours groups. The amount of neurons with normal morphology in hippocampal CA1 region and granular layer thickness in the model group at postoperative each time point were significantly less or smaller than those in the control group at postoperative 6 hours respectively (t =3.002-1.254, P < 0.01). The A value of SYN positive reactant at postoperative 2, 3 and 4 weeks was significantly higher than that at previous time point (t =2.011－2.716,P < 0.05－0.01). ② Test results of learning and memory ability: In the first test, there was no significant difference in the ratio of rats which kept memory ability between two groups (P > 0.05); In the third test, the ratio of rats which kept memory ability in the model group was significantly lower than that in the control group at postoperative 4 weeks and 2 months[53%(8/15)，100%(15/15)；60%(9/15)，93%(14/15)，χ 2=2.863，2.901，P < 0.01]. CONCLUSION: The destroyed hippocampal structure induces the decrease of learning and memory ability of developmental rats. Early interference can increase the quality of neurons and also promote functional development of the nervous system.     

Experimental scoliosis in the rat. II. Biomechanical analysis of the forces during Harrington distraction

The purpose of this study was to characterize the forces resulting from Harrington distraction of the spine in an experimental model of scoliosis in the rat, in order to establish both the similarity of this model to human scoliosis and identify potential force parameters that may be useful for clinical decision-making. Harrington distraction was performed in 36 rats that had been made scoliotic 9-12 weeks earlier by the method described in the previous paper. Distractions were carried out in discrete and timed steps until separation of the vertebral laminae (mechanical failure) occurred at the upper hook site. Distractive forces were monitored continuously by a strain gauge mounted on the tension side of the upper arm of the outrigger. The resulting data were compared among the various curvature groups. The relationship between the length of distraction and the maximum force produced was similar for all animals regardless of curvature. This relationship was quadratic and was characterized by an inflection point where forces increased rapidly with each distraction. The amount of distraction necessary to reach both the inflection and failure points differed only for curves above 100 degrees. The amount of force required to reach failure was lower for curves above 75 degrees. Curves above 50 degrees had a lower percent correction at the inflection point. Bending and tensile forces were calculated by vector analysis. Axial load efficiencies were greater for curves above 50 degrees, as evidenced by increased bending forces in these animals. The viscoelasticity of the spine decreased after inflection in all animals.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

A cocaine analog and a GBR analog label the same protein in rat striatal membranes.

Because some evidence suggests that cocaine and GBR12935 bind to different sites, we utilized photoaffinity probes from both classes of compounds to see if they label the same protein. [125I]RTI-82 a cocaine analog, and [125I]DEEP, a GBR analog, labeled protein(s) showing the same molecular weight, a similar pharmacological profile and a similar sensitivity to neuraminidase.