中西医结合治疗坏死性筋膜炎

本文积累了１９８１～１９９４年近十余年的临床资料，总结了中西医结合治疗坏死性筋膜炎的临床治疗经验。指出坏死性筋膜炎是一种少见的严重的软组织感染，发展迅速，病死率高，应引起临床医生的高度警惕，做出早期诊断是非常必要的。提出了扶正祛邪的中西医结合的整体治疗方案，全身治疗与局部处理相结合。对患处要采取早期，这时的多切口引流，给＂邪＂以出路。取得良好的疗效。     

Effect of isoelectric point on biodistribution and inflammation imaging with indium-111-labelled IgG

Electrostatic effects play an important role in protein interactions and may alter the biodistribution of antibodies. To study the effect of molecular charge on the biodistribution and infection imaging properties of human polyclonal immunoglobulin G (IgG), its iso electric point was varied by changing the level of diethylene triamine penta-acetic acid (DTPA) substitution: 0.8, 0.9, 3.7, 5.1 and 5.9 DTPA/IgG. Biodistributions of the different IgG preparations were determined at 10 min, 1, 6, 24, and 48 h post injection in normal rats, and infection imaging properties were determined in rats withEscherichia coli thigh infections. The biodistribution was significantly affected by pl. The immunoglobulin preparations with 0.9 and 3.7 DTPA/IgG showed faster clearance from the circulation and generally lower accumulation in most organs. The images had a target-to-background ratio of approximately 1.3–2.3:1. These results suggest that even though targeting is not affected by the level of DTPA substitutions, preparations with 0.9 and 3.7 DTPA/IgG may be superior imaging agents because of reduced accumulation by background organs.     

广西百色地区肝病患者及受血者HCV感染现状调查

笔者应用ＥＬＩＳＡ法对广西百色地区１７９例各类肝病患者及４１例受血者血清进行了抗－ＨＣＶ检测。结果各类肝病抗－ＨＣＶ阳性率为１７．９％，受血者抗－ＨＣＶ阳性率为３１．７％。在急性肝炎（急肝）、慢性肝炎（慢肝）、肝硬化和肝癌中，抗－ＨＣＶ阳性率各为４．３％（１／２３）、１２．８％（１０／７８）、２８．６％（１２／４２）和２５．０％（９／３６）。抗－ＨＣＶ阳性率有随肝病慢性比而增高的趋势，肝硬化的抗－ＨＣＶ阳性率明显高于急肝或慢肝（Ｐ＜０．０５），而肝癌的抗－ＨＣＶ阳性率与急肝或慢肝相差不显著（Ｐ＞０．０５或０．１），且发现ＨＢｓＡｇ阴性肝病者的抗－ＨＣＶ阳性率明显高于ＨＢｓＡｇ阳性患者（Ｐ＜０．５），肝病患者抗－ＨＣＶ的检出率与ＡＬＴ活性无关（Ｐ＞０．０５）。在受血者中，抗－ＨＣＶ的检出率与受血次数、ＡＬＴ活性关系非常密切。因此，加强对ＨＣＶ的检测是当前预防输血后肝炎的紧迫任务。     

缺血性脑血管病的MRA诊断

目的:评价磁共振血管成像(MRA)对诊断缺血性脑血管病的能力和意义。材料和方法:分析109例经临床及CT、MRI诊断为缺血性脑血管病患者的MRA影像。使用1.0T超导磁共振机,在常规T_1、T_2加权成像后,用三维TOF法以willis环为中心进行轴位成像。结果:MRA能较为清晰地显示颈内动脉、椎、基底动脉、大脑前、中、后动脉主干的中度以上狭窄或闭塞。109例患者中共显示动脉狭窄75支,动脉闭塞108支,均与梗塞区域及临床症状相符合。结论:MRA对脑动脉的显示具有清晰、准确、对比度好、绝大多数(82％)无伪影等优点。与MRI结合使用,能更为准确地判定缺血性脑血管病的类型、范围及程度。     

精氨酸加压素（AVP）的衍生物AVP4—8不能作用于AVPV1a受体而诱发电流反应

在微量注射大量肝脏ｍＲＮＡ之后，通过电压箝方法进行功能鉴定，两栖类卵母细胞成功地表达了ＡＶＰＶ１ａ受体。但在灌流ＡＶ４－８溶液时，却不能诱导卵母细胞产生内向振荡电流反应。提示ＡＶＰ４－８不能通过ＡＶＰＶ１ａ受体而介导生理学效应。     

椎管内转移癌病人氨甲喋呤配伍高渗盐水硬膜外灌注治疗顽固性疼痛的临床探讨

１０例椎管内转移癌病人曾长期使用大剂量镇痛药难以奏效，而少数病例便采用硬膜外腔注射吗啡２～４ｍｇ疼痛缓解仅１ｈ。采用硬膜外腔灌注氨甲喋呤配伍高渗盐水，使抗癌药直接与肿瘤接触，几分钟内杀死癌细胞，加之高渗盐水能促使肿瘤和神经干脱水，肿瘤体积缩小和破坏，改善局部动脉缺血和组织水肿，从而减轻或消除肿瘤对神经根的压迫，缓解和消除神经痛。     

护理人员的职业损伤因素及健康维护

作者指出临床一线的护理人员是发生职业损伤的高危群体。产生职业损伤的危险因素包括基础教育和继续教育缺乏职业损伤及其防范知识；影响护理人员身体健康的诸因素，如化疗专用的溶药设备、洁净操作台或相对密闭的溶药环境不健全；乙型肝炎等医院内易感性等疾病增加，被血液、体液等污染的医疗锐器刺伤是护理人员职业感染的主要途径；护理人员工作职业特点对健康不利的影响，护理人员心理压力大。为维护护理人员身心健康，应加入医院感染、职业损伤和健康维护的在校理论教育内容，加强护理人员职业安全教育，采取防范职业损伤的措施，如化疗药物中心配药、使用一次性手套等措施。     

川芎嗪对银屑病皮损端粒酶的影响

目的：研究川芎嗪(TMP)对银屑病皮损端粒酶的影响；方法：采用免疫组织化学方法检测川芎嗪对银屑病患者皮损端粒酶的表达；结果：与病例组比较，川芎嗪(40mg／kg)可使银屑病患者皮损处端粒酶表达降低；结论：川芎嗪能明显抑制银屑病皮损端粒酶的表达。     

Hypertrophic smooth muscle in the partially obstructed opossum esophagus. Excitability and electrophysiological properties

Partial obstruction of the opossum esophagus leads to thickening of the circular muscle, hypertrophy of smooth muscle cells, and diminution of the extracellular space. The pharmacological and electrophysiological properties of this hypertrophied muscle were studied. Carbachol produced phasic and tonic contractions of the circular muscle. The EC50 for tonic contractions was greater for hypertrophied than for normal muscle (21.1 +/- 3.9 mumol/L vs. 4.8 +/- 2.2 mumol/L; P less than 0.05). The resting membrane potential difference of hypertrophied muscle (-50.8 +/- 0.2 mV) was similar to that of normal muscle (-50.0 +/- 0.2 mV). Electrical stimulation of intrinsic nerves in the normal muscle produced a hyperpolarization followed by a depolarization of smooth muscle membrane potential. Hypertrophied muscle responded either with an attenuated hyperpolarization or no hyperpolarization, both of which were followed by a depolarization. The space constant in the long axes of the hypertrophied circular muscle cells was greater than normal (4.4 +/- 0.2 mm vs. 3.4 +/- 0.1 mm; P less than 0.001). The threshold potential for initiation of action potentials was more negative for hypertrophied (-43.2 +/- 0.4 mV) than for normal circular muscle (-41.6 +/- 0.2 mV; P less than 0.005). These data indicate that alterations in neuromuscular function accompany the hypertrophy of esophageal smooth muscle.