非X线透视下安放DHS内固定钉的体会（附83例报告）

DHS钉是治疗股骨转子间骨折理想的内固定钉，但须在X线监控下进行。为此作者设计了一种非X线透视下安放动力髋螺钉(DHS)的方法，并从1992年3月-2002年8月进行了83例手术治疗，认为方法简单、实用，效果可靠。报告如下。     

输尿管上段结石的微创外科治疗

输尿管上段结石为常见多发病,既往对于保守治疗失败的输尿管上段结石的治疗,常常采用开放手术.近年来,随着体外冲击波碎石术（ESWL）、逆行输尿管镜碎石术（URS）、微创经皮肾镜顺行取石术（MPCNL）以及后腹腔镜输尿管切开取石术（LUL）等方法的广泛开展与日益完善,传统开放手术基本消失.然而,输尿管上段结石由于其独特的空间位置结构等原因,在微创外科治疗方式的选择上,长期存有争议.     

糖、烟、酒、茶与药效

有些食物能减低药效,有的食物能使药物失去治疗作用,有的食物甚至助长药物的毒性。这里只谈谈糖、烟、酒、茶对药效的影响。 一、糖与药效 有些人,特别是儿童在吃中药汤剂时,喜欢加些白糖等,以甜掩苦,矫味服用,其实,吃药是不能滥加糖的。究其原因,一是因为糖能抑制某些退热药的药效,干扰微量元素和维生素在人体吸收。二是因为某些药物就是借助其苦味,或其它异味的刺激而起治疗作用的。如某些健胃药就是靠其苦味刺激消化道,促进     

喉部骨肉瘤

喉部骨肉瘤首次报告于1942年，喉部恶性肉瘤是罕见的非上皮源性肿瘤，占喉部真性肿瘤的0．5％-1％。本文报告1例69岁女性喉部骨肉瘤，并复习了迄今所见的13例喉部骨肉瘤的文献报道，年龄51-79岁，其中男性12例，女性1例，9例接受了全喉切除手术。对喉部骨肉瘤的病因、临床表现、治疗和预后进行了客观的回顾性分析。病人最常见的主诉是声音嘶哑、吞咽障碍、呼吸困难和急性气道阻塞。诊断是比较困难的，虽然通过专科检查、纤维喉镜检查及CT扫描可以发现肿块，但常常需要多次取检，才能确诊。     

肝内HBcAg与血清学指标的关系及慢性乙型肝炎发病机理的探讨

We detected the presence and distribution of HBcAg in the liver by immunohistochemistry (ABC method) and the presence of HBV-DNA in serum (spot hybridization) and anti-HBe in serum (ELISA) from 59 cases of hepatitis B hospitalized in our hospital, including 47 cases of CAH, 5 cases of CPH, and 7 cases of subacute fulminant hepatitis. 1. HBcAg in the liver was detected in 25 out of 47 cases (53%) of CAH, in 2 out of 5 cases of CPH and in 4 out of 7 cases of subacute fulminant hepatitis. The total percentage was 53% (31/59). 2. There was no positive correlation between HBV replication activity and liver disease activity (P greater than 0.05). Our results did not support the hypothesis that suggests a direct cytopathic effect of HBV. Oppositely, the fact was that the presence, the amount and the patterns of HBcAg in the liver, and the presence of HBV-DNA in serum were predominant in mild CAH compared with those in severe CAH, predominant in CAH without cirrhosis compared with those in CAH with cirrhosis. There was a tendency of inverse correlation between HBV replication activity and liver disease activity. The results above were in line with the concept that HBcAg expressed on the surface of infected hepatocytes may be relevant target for T lymphocyte cytotoxicity. The results have suggested that an immune response to HBV is present, leading to the destruction of most infected cells. 3. There was a positive correlation between HBV-DNA in serum and HBcAg in the liver (P less than 0.005), indicating that HBV-DNA in serum can represent HBV replication.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

嗜铬细胞瘤的诊断和治疗

嗜铬细胞瘤在泌尿系疾病中较少见,其发病率据 Remine 氏报道约为尸检的0.1%.Kvale 认为在7993例高血压病人中显示嗜铬细胞瘤的药物试验阳性者有51人。约有90%嗜铬细胞瘤发生于肾上腺髓质中,但亦可发生于全身其他部位的交感神经系内,包括颈、胸、腹的交感神经节、嗜铬体,以至脾脏、膀胱、卵巢及睾丸。因而给诊断和治疗     

腹腔镜引导下中晚期肝癌的联合手术治疗

<正> 腹腔镜手术因具有创伤小,痛苦轻,恢复快等优点,在短时间内得到广泛开展。已有不少学者将腹腔镜技术用于肝脏外科手术。文献报告的有:腹腔镜肝部分切除,肝囊肿开窗引流,肝脓肿引流,肝动脉结扎等手术。1996年3月我们对不能切除的晚期肝癌1例进行了腹腔镜肝动脉结扎、肿瘤内无水酒精注射及门静脉系统内置植入式化疗泵(Drug Delivery System,DDS)的综合性手术。现报告如下。