Undiagnosed Depression among Hypertensive Individuals in Gaza: A Cross-sectional Survey from Palestine

BackgroundThe aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence and to determine the associated factors of undiagnosed depression amongst hypertensive patients (HTNP) at primary health care centers (PHCC) in Gaza.MethodsA cross-sectional survey was conducted including 538 HTNP as a recruitment phase of a clustered randomized controlled trial. Data were collected through face-to-face structured interview, and depression status was assessed by Beck''s Depression Inventory (BDI-II). Data were analyzed by STATA version 14 using standard complex survey analyses, accounted for unresponsiveness and clustering approach. Generalized linear regression analysis was performed to assess associations.ResultsThe prevalence of undiagnosed clinical depression was 11.6% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 8.1, 16.3). Moreover, prevalence of 15.4% (95% CI: 10.8, 21.6) was found for mild depression symptoms. We found that non-adherence to antihypertensive medications (AHTNM) (β = 0.9, 95% CI: 0.17, 1.7), having more health-care system support (β = 2.8, 95% CI: 1.6, 3.9) and number of AHTNM (β = 1.5, 95% CI: 0.6, 2.5) remain significantly positively associated with BDI-II score. On the other hand, older age (β = -0.1, 95% CI: -0.2, -0.02), having better social support (β = -6.8, 95% CI: -8.9, -4.7) and having stronger patient-doctor relationship (β = -4.1, 95% CI: -6.9, -1.2) kept significantly negative association.ConclusionThe prevalence of undiagnosed depression was about one-quarter of all cases; half of them were moderate to severe. Routine screening of depression status should be a part of the care of HTNP in PHCC.     

关节假体周围感染患者血清学指标未达诊断阈值的影响因素分析

目的探讨关节假体周围感染(periprosthetic joint infection,PJI)患者血清C反应蛋白(C-reactive protein,CRP)和红细胞沉降率(erythrocyte sedimentation rate,ESR)不符合2011版美国肌肉骨骼感染协会(Musculoskeletal Infection Society,MSIS)诊断标准的影响因素。方法2011年12月至2019年12月因PJI住院治疗的患者328例,男152例、女176例,年龄(62.10±13.74)岁(范围24~87岁);膝关节172例(52.4%),髋关节151例(46.0%),肘关节4例(1.2%),肩关节1例(0.3%)。所有患者均于术前或应用抗生素前行CRP和ESR检测,PJI的诊断采用2011版MSIS诊断标准:CRP≥10 mg/L且ESR≥30 mm/1 h。将患者根据Tsukayama分型、病原体类型及免疫状态等进行分组,比较不同组别患者CRP和ESR不符合MSIS标准(即未达诊断阈值)的发生率。结果119例(36.3%,119/328)CRP或ESR实测值不符合MSIS诊断标准。Tsukayama分型组间不符合率的差异无统计学意义(χ^2=7.224,P=0.065);培养结果阴性组不符合率为46.4%,高于培养阳性组的27.4%(χ^2=12.276,P<0.001);免疫A级组不符合率为42.9%,高于免疫B级组的30.6%和C级组的23.8%(χ^2=6.586,P=0.037)。Logistic回归分析结果提示,培养结果阳性患者发生不符合标准的风险是培养阴性患者的0.420倍(P=0.001);免疫B级患者出现不符合标准现象的风险是免疫A级患者的0.578倍(P=0.040)。结论免疫状态好及培养结果阴性的PJI患者更容易出现血清学指标未达诊断阈值的现象,诊断时应特别注意综合其他指标,以防漏诊。     

完全腹腔镜根治性膀胱切除加体内改良回肠通道术的学习效果分析

目的分析术者对完全腹腔镜根治性膀胱切除(LRC)+改良回肠通道术(MIC)的学习效果。方法回顾性分析首都医科大学附属北京朝阳医院2014年4月至2019年10月42例接受完全LRC+MIC患者的临床资料。男34例,女8例;年龄(63.4±9.1)岁。其中术者1行34例手术,术者2行8例。将术者1的34例按时间顺序分为3组,第1~12例为A组,第13~23例为B组,第24~34例为C组;术者2实施的8例为D组。4组中有腹部手术史者分别为0、1、4、3例,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);4组年龄、体质指数、美国麻醉医师协会评分等差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。改良术式的重要步骤包括光源透射下离断肠系膜、输出袢固定的条件下行输尿管-输出袢反流性对端吻合、缝合后腹膜缺口。比较各组患者手术时间、构建回肠通道时间、出血量、并发症发生比例、淋巴结清扫数量、切缘阳性比例等重要手术指标。结果各组手术均顺利完成,均无中转开放手术。A~C组手术时间分别为330.0(320.0,360.0)、300.0(250.0,308.0)、270.0(216.0,324.0)min,差异有统计学意义(P=0.010);3组构建回肠通道时间分别为136.5(131.3,147.5)、92.0(79.0,119.0)、79.0(72.0,115.0)min,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。手术时间和构建回肠通道时间组间两两比较,A、B组,A、C组差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),B、C组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。3组出血量[200.0(125.0,300.0)、100.0(100.0,150.0)、200.0(100.0,400.0)ml]、并发症发生比例[4/12、4/11、3/11]、淋巴结清扫数量[(19.0±10.7)、(16.0±9.8)、(23.3±8.5)枚]、切缘阳性比例(1/12、1/11、2/11)的比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。D组手术时间420.0(350.0,450.0)min,与A组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。D组出血量200.0(112.5,350.0)ml,并发症发生比例2/8,淋巴结清扫数量(13.8±7.1)个,切缘阳性比例1/8,与A组比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论完全LRC+MIC学习效果明显,随着手术例数的增加,手术时间及构建回肠通道时间显著下降;该术式具有较好的可重复性和安全性。     

Knowledge mobilization tool to promote,protect, and support breastfeeding during COVID-19

SettingThis knowledge mobilization project was conceptualized to increase awareness among breastfeeding mothers and the general public on safe infant feeding practices during the COVID-19 pandemic by addressing myths and misconceptions associated with breastfeeding practices, guiding breastfeeding mothers to make informed decisions around child feeding practices, and offering meaningful guidance in simple language through a short online animated video.InterventionThis project was undertaken in four phases. During phase 1, an informal discussion was held with the breastfeeding mothers, service providers, and community partner in identifying issues surrounding lactation counselling facilities during the COVID-19 pandemic. During phase 2, recommendations from 23 organizations with regard to breastfeeding during COVID-19 were reviewed and analyzed. During phase 3, using evidence from reliable sources, a 5-minute animated e-resource on breastfeeding during COVID-19 was conceptualized and developed. During phase 4, the e-resource was disseminated to the breastfeeding mothers, general public, post-secondary institutions, and organizations providing services to breastfeeding mothers in Canada.OutcomesThis evidence-based e-resource facilitated addressing misconceptions around breastfeeding during COVID-19 and raising public awareness on safe infant feeding practices during this pandemic. Overall, the video was described as an informative, user-friendly, useful, and easily accessible resource by breastfeeding mothers who were in self-isolation with little access to healthcare services during the pandemic.ImplicationsThis project highlighted the importance of patient engagement and collaboration with the community partner in protecting breastfeeding during the COVID-19 pandemic. It further illustrated how informational e-resources can protect breastfeeding in situations where breastfeeding mothers’ access to healthcare services is compromised.     

维药库吾提艾拉口服液的提取工艺研究

目的研究维药库吾提艾拉口服液的提取工艺。方法以淫羊藿苷的含量为指标,采用L9(34)正交试验设计优选维药库吾提艾拉口服液的最佳提取工艺条件。结果优选得到的最佳提取工艺为A3B2C2,即加14倍量水,总煎煮时间3小时,醇沉浓度75%。结论优选得到的工艺稳定可行。     

维吾尔药孜尔克中总黄酮、微量元素及脂肪含量的测定

目的:对维吾尔医药孜尔克中总黄酮、微量元素及脂肪含量进行测定。方法:采用分光光度法,测定孜尔克的根和果实中总黄酮的含量。采用索氏抽提法提取并测定孜尔克的根和果实的脂肪含量。用原子吸收分光光度法测定孜尔克中根和果实中钙、铁、钠、钾、铜、锌、锰7种微量元素。结果:总黄酮在0.006~0.06mg.ml-1之间与吸光度有良好的线性关系。回归方程:C=0.0732A-0.002267(mg.ml-1)。相关系数R2=0.9916。元素测定中钙、铁含量较高。结论:本法操作简便,快速,为进一步研究和综合开发利用这一民族药材提供了依据。     

中药注射剂在休克急救中的应用

目的:探讨中药注射剂在休克急救中应用的疗效。方法:系统分析2011年5月至2013年3月,46例我院收治的休克患者,采用随机数字表法随机分为治疗组23例,对照组23例。结果:治疗组患者显效率为78.26%,总有效率为90.69%;对照组患者显效率为60.86%,总有效率为88.37%。2组显效率差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。用药后2组患者收缩压均升高,治疗1 h后,治疗组收缩压高于对照组,2组比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05),并且随着时间增长,2 h内差异性进一步增大。用药后2组患者心率均降低,用药30 min后,2组患者平均心率比较,治疗组心率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05),并且随着时间增长,2 h内差异性进一步增大。用药后2组患者尿量均升高,治疗2 h时2组患者尿量比较,治疗组尿量高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:通过中医辨证论治,对不同类型的休克患者给予回阳救逆、救阴固脱、醒神开窍的中药制剂,能够有效改善微循环障碍的病理状态,联合现代医学的急救措施,有机的结合,取长补短,能提高治愈率,较单一中医或西医的方法都更具优势,临床上应重视中医药注射剂在院前急救中所发挥的巨大作用。