N6-甲基腺苷甲基化在射血分数保留性心力衰竭中的作用的研究进展

表观遗传学参与心血管疾病进展的过程。近年研究表明,射血分数保留性心力衰竭(HFpEF)患者的多个基因转录本存在N⁶-甲基腺苷(m⁶A)水平的改变。现介绍m⁶A及其调节因子(甲基化酶、去甲基化酶和甲基化阅读蛋白)与HFpEF的关系,说明m⁶A可能通过影响心肌肥厚与纤维化、细胞自噬、炎症与氧化应激、糖脂代谢参与HFpEF的发生和发展,以期为HFpEF的治疗靶点提供新的研究方向。     

Effects of AT1 Antagonist on MMP2, MMP9 Expression and Collagen Remodeling in Left Ventricle of Rabbit Undergoing Chronic Pressure Overload

Objectives To study the effects of AT1 antagonist on MMP2, MMP9 expression and collagen remodeling in left ventricle of rabbit undergoing chronic pressure overload. Methods 30 rabbits were randomly divided into 3 groups (n= 10,each group), including sham operation group, abdominal aorta banded group(banded group), abdominal aorta banded valsartan group (valsartan group).Twelve weeks after operation,hemodynamic parame-ters were acquired, then collagen volume fraction(CVF) and MMP2, MMP9 expression of left ventricle were measured by using VG and immunohistochemical stain. Results Compared with sham operation group, both MMP2 and MMP9 expression were enhanced in banded group; meanwhile, LVW/BW,LVEDP and CVF increased significantly. Compared with banded group, both MMP2 and MMP9 expression were weakened in valarstan group; simultaneously,LVW/BW, LVEDP and CVF decreased significantly.Conclusions Expression of MMP2 and MMP9 was enhanced in left ventricle of rabbit undergoing chronic pressure overload, which may be associated with collagen proliferation, ventricule remodeling and impaired heart function; Valsartan could inhibit collagen proliferation, prevent ventricule remodeling and preserve heart function by inhibiting abnormal expression of MMP2 and MMP9.     

IL-1B及IL-1RN基因多态性与幽门螺杆菌相关的胃十二指肠疾病

白细胞介素-1(Interlukin-1,IL-1)有两种类型IL-1α和IL-1β,以IL-1β为主,主要由活化的单核巨噬细胞产生,与IL-1受体(IL-1R)结合后产生生物学作用.IL-1β是一个非常重要的前炎症细胞因子,在炎症免疫损伤机制中起着主要的调节作用,同时具有强大的抑制胃酸分泌作用,在幽门螺杆菌(Helicobacter pylori,H·py-lori)感染的胃黏膜损伤和萎缩性胃炎发展及胃癌发生中起重要作用.     

小儿治哮灵片对幼年大鼠哮喘的干预作用

目的 研究小儿治哮灵片对幼年大鼠哮喘模型的干预作用及机制。方法 36只雄性Wistar幼年大鼠随机分为6组：对照组、模型组、醋酸地塞米松（阳性药,1 mg/kg）组和小儿治哮灵片低、中、高剂量（0.32、0.64、1.28 g/kg）组。除对照组外,其余各组以卵清蛋白（OVA）致敏、激发制备幼年大鼠哮喘模型。造模第8天开始ig给药,每天给药1次,给药至造模3周,对照组和模型组ig给予蒸馏水。记录各组大鼠引喘潜伏期并进行行为学评分;检测肺脏器指数;酶联免疫吸附法（ELISA）检测各组幼年大鼠血清中白细胞介素（IL）-4、IL-5、IL-6、免疫球蛋白E（IgE）、γ-干扰素（IFN-γ）、核转录因子（NF-κB）的水平以及肺泡灌洗液中IFN-γ水平。结果 与模型组比较,小儿治哮灵片高、中、低剂量组引喘潜伏期及哮喘行为评分均显著下降（P<0.05、0.01）;肺脏器指数显著下降（P<0.05）;血清IL-4、IL-5、IL-6、IgE、NF-κB水平均显著下降（P<0.01）;血清与肺泡灌洗液中IFN-γ水平显著升高（P<0.01）。结论 小儿治哮灵片抗哮喘作用可能与降低炎性细胞因子分泌有关。     

Segmental analysis of antidepressant and antipsychotic drugs in the hair of schizophrenic patients

Hair analysis is useful for documenting long‐term exposure to drugs. The potential of hair analysis for therapeutic drug monitoring within the forensic field has been studied, but reference values for some antidepressants and antipsychotics in the hair of individuals undergoing chronic therapy are still lacking. In the present study, a method was developed and validated for the determination of 23 analytes, including antidepressants, antipsychotics, and related metabolites, in human hair by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS). Hair samples (10 mg) were extracted with a 25:25:50 (v/v/v) mixture of methanol/acetonitrile/2 mM ammonium formate (8% acetonitrile, pH 5.3) utilizing cryogenic grinding. The present method demonstrated sufficient selectivity, robustness, and accuracy. Sixteen analytes in hair were reported in 46 psychiatric patients receiving fixed drug dosages. To the best of our knowledge, the hair concentrations of perphenazine and norolanzapine, as well as the concentrations of amisulpride, aripiprazole and its metabolite dehydroaripiprazole, olanzapine, and sulpiride, in hair from individuals receiving fixed dosages is reported for the first time. A significant relationship between the administered dose and the concentration in the proximal hair segment was found only for clozapine, norclozapine, and chlorpromazine. The results confirmed that the idea of using hair concentrations to monitor a daily dose is inapplicable.     

轻度青少年特发性脊柱侧凸有限元模型构建及分析

目的　构建轻度青少年特发性脊柱侧凸患者的有限元模型,验证该模型的有效性,并进行有限元分析。 方法　建立1例轻度青少年特发性脊柱侧凸患者第6颈椎至第5腰椎的有限元模型,从几何形态及力学两方面对该模型进行有效性验证。分析该有限元模型在模拟前屈、后伸、左侧屈、右侧屈、左旋转、右旋转6种运动状态下,各椎体的应力变化。 结果　成功构建了轻度青少年特发性脊柱侧凸患者的有限元模型,模型总节点数为2561811个,总单元数为1547806个,并验证了该模型有效。模拟后伸、旋转活动时,畸形最明显处的椎体应力变化趋势与静态时相反。 结论　本实验所构建的轻度青少年特发性脊柱侧凸有限元模型有效,可进一步用于该疾病的相关研究。     

Dithieno[3,2‐b:2′,3′‐d]pyrrole and Benzothiadiazole‐Based Semicrystalline Copolymer for Photovoltaic Devices with Indene‐C60 Bisadduct

A semicrystalline low‐bandgap polymer (PDTPBT) based on alternating dithienopyrrole and benzothiadiazole moieties as a pair of the indene‐C₆₀ bisadduct (ICBA) for polymeric solar cells is reported. The lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) level of PDTPBT is measured to be ?3.47 eV, ensuring sufficient energy offset for photoinduced charge transfer to ICBA. Photovoltaic cells are fabricated with ICBA and [6,6]‐phenyl‐C₇₁‐butyric acid methyl ester (PC₇₁BM) as an acceptor. By replacing PC₇₁BM with ICBA, the open‐circuit voltage is increased by 0.23 V and the resulting power conversion efficiency is improved from 1.17% to 1.71%. To optimize the ICBA‐based devices, crystalline low‐bandgap structures should be designed carefully as a pair of ICBA by considering the energy‐level offset for charge separation and crystalline interchain ordering, for minimizing the intercalated ICBAs inside the polymer domain.

     

Determination of Poly(4,4′‐diphenylsulfonyl terephthalamide) Crystalline Structure Via WAXD and Molecular Simulations

The crystal structure of poly(4,4′‐diphenylsulfonyl terephthalamide) (pt‐PSA) is studied by X‐ray diffraction and molecular simulation. Although the number of observed reflections is limited to warrant a precise determination of the unit cell structure and symmetry, a reasonable monoclinic unit cell is suggested with dimensions of a = 0.645 nm, b = 0.488 nm, c = 3.010 nm, and γ = 122.5°. A twofold molecule with two monomeric units forming a large zigzag conformation satisfies the X‐ray diffraction data. A layer structure is formed in the crystal phase, which is stabilized by the hydrogen bond between ? NH and ? C?O and the parallel‐displaced π–π stacking from the distortional coplanarity of the benzene rings and amide group.

     

Epidemiological,clinical, and 3-dimentional CBCT radiographic characterizations of supernumerary teeth in a non-syndromic adult population: a single-institutional study from 60,104 Chinese subjects

Objective

This study was aimed to delineate the prevalence, clinical, and 3-dimentional radiographic characteristics of adult supernumerary teeth (ST found) in a Chinese non-syndromic, dental population.

Materials and methods

Medical records and cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images were utilized to identify adult patients with ST in a tertiary referral dental hospital between June 2012 and December 2018. CBCT scan coupled with 3-dimentional reconstruction was used to characterize the detailed location, morphology, orientation of ST, and their relationship with adjacent teeth and neighboring structures. All relevant information regarding age and gender of patients, morphology, and 3-dimentional topography of ST as well as ST-associated complications were recorded and statistically analyzed.

Results

A total number of 1149 ST was identified in 921 eligible patients screened from 60,104 subjects with the prevalence of 1.5%. Male patients outnumbered females with a gender ratio of 1.76:1. The majority of ST was single, located in the maxilla, especially the maxillary central incisor region. Most ST were conical shape, inverted orientation, and impacted. ST-associated complications including impaction or root resorption of adjacent teeth, and cystic/tumor-like lesions were totally found in 13% ST and significantly associated with location, orientation, and morphology of ST.

Conclusions

Most ST in Chinese adults were conical, inverted, impacted, and located in the maxillary central incisor region, and associated with various complications. Our findings offer valuable information concerning the prevalence, clinical, and radiographic characteristics of ST in non-syndromic Chinese adults.

Clinical relevance

These findings are beneficial for clinicians to comprehensively understand the incidence, pathogenesis, and clinical management of ST.