氯沙坦减少高血压患者终点事件的研究(LIFE STUDY)

标　　题　应用ＡＴⅡ受体拮抗剂抗高血压治疗作　　者　ＫｊｅｌｄｓｅｎＳＥ,ＯｍｖｉｋＰ.　　参考文献　ＴｉｄｓｓｋｒＮｏｒＬａｅｇｅｆｏｒｅｎ,1996,116:504～507研究疾病　高血压病。目　　的　评估氯沙坦对心血管死亡率及非致死性心肌梗死和非脑卒中发生率的影响,同时评估该药对充血性心力衰竭或心绞痛所致的总死亡率和住院率的影响,以及长期应用氯沙坦对发生新诊断糖尿病的影响。设　　计　随机、三盲、对照研究。病人资料　8300例年龄55～80岁、收缩压在160～200ｍｍＨｇ、舒张压在95～115ｍｍＨｇ的高血压患者,ＥＣＧ上有左室…     

Knee injuries: high-resolution MR imaging

Recent technologic advances have made high-resolution magnetic resonance (MR) imaging of the knee a clinical reality. Ten healthy volunteers and 30 patients with suspected knee injuries were imaged using receive-only surface coils and two-dimensional multisection or three-dimensional selective acquisition techniques. Arthroscopic and/or surgical correlation was available in 15 patients. Tears of the cruciate ligament, medial collateral ligament, and meniscus are illustrated. Nonorthogonal views of the anterior cruciate ligament are useful for demonstrating both femoral and tibial attachments in the same section. The posterior cruciate ligament is usually well seen on sagittal views. T2-weighted images are helpful for demonstrating collateral ligament tears and meniscal tears when joint effusion is present. Thin sections (1-5 mm) are necessary to define many meniscal and cruciate tears. High-resolution, thin-section MR imaging can be used to diagnose soft-tissue injuries of the knee and has the potential to become a major imaging method in the evaluation of knee injuries.     

Port-Site Pyoderma Gangrenosum – A Rare Complication of Surgical Trauma

We report a case of pyoderma gangrenosum occurring at the site of a laparoscopic port insertion following laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair.     

Genetic factors affecting the consistency and magnitude of changes in plasma cholesterol in response to dietary challenge

We examined the role of common genetic variation in determining the consistency and magnitude of change in plasma total cholesterol (TC) levels in response to two separate changes from a high-saturated (SFA) to a low-saturated/high-polyunsaturated-fat (PUFA) diet, in a group of free-living healthy men and women. Consistent responders were defined as those whose mean difference in the change in TC was within one SD of the mean for all participants, and the remainder were defined as variable responders. DNA was obtained from 55 individuals and genotype determined at the apolipoprotein (apo) B locus (signal peptide, SP), apoCIII (C1100-T) and lipoprotein lipase (LPL) gene loci (HindIII). In the 38 consistent responders, the apoBSP24 allele was significantly more common than in the 17 individuals with a variable response (0.29 vs. 0.12; p < 0.05). No other polymorphism showed a significant frequency difference between groups. In the group as a whole, the correlation between the change in TC level in response to the first and second dietary change was 0.28 (p = 0.05), but those with one or more apoB SP24 alleles and those with the apoCIII genotype CC had a significantly higher correlation than those with other genotypes (0.46 (p = 0.05) vs. 0.12 (NS) and 0.31 (p = 0.05) vs. 0.02 (NS), respectively). In the group as a whole, mean response left TC 10% higher on the SFA than on the PUFA diet, and neither apoB nor apoCIII genotypes affected the magnitude of this response. However, individuals with the LPL HindIII genotype H+ H+ had a significantly smaller change in mean TC in response to diet than those with one or more H- allele (9.3% vs. 14.4%; p = 0.03). Thus variation at the apoB and apoCIII loci affects the consistency of response to change in dietary fat content, while variation at the LPL gene locus affects magnitude of response.      

延边地区汉族和朝鲜族居民脂肪分布与代谢异常的关系

目的:了解延边地区朝鲜族和汉族居民的脂肪分布特征及其与血压、血脂及血糖的关系。方法:于2006-08-8/17在延边地区九龙和翁声社区随机选择40～60岁朝鲜族和汉族常住居民2378名进行内脏脂肪率和体脂肪率以及血压、血脂、血糖等生化指标的检测。调查以健康体检形式进行,①内脏脂肪和体脂肪率测定采用日本TANITA株式会社生产的BC-600型体成分计测定,并且按其判定标准确定超过标准者[内脏脂肪率≥15%(男)、≥10%(女),体脂肪率(40～59岁)≥23%(男)、≥36%(女),体脂肪率(≥60岁)≥25%(男)、≥37%(女)]。②取清晨空腹(禁食12h)静脉血,采用日立-7600-010全自动生化分析仪测量血清总胆固醇、三酰甘油、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、空腹血糖等指标。③高血压的诊断标准:收缩压≥140mmHg(1mmHg=0.133kPa)及或舒张压≥90mmHg。④血脂异常的诊断标准:总胆固醇≥5.72mmol/L,三酰甘油≥1.7mmol/L,高密度脂蛋白胆固醇<0.90mmol/L(男)、<1.0mmol/L(女)。⑤高血糖的诊断标准:空腹血糖≥6.1mmol/L。结果:①汉族男性的内脏脂肪率和体脂肪率均值分别为(10.51±3.66)%和(22.70±4.85)%,朝鲜族男性分别为(9.16±3.81)%和(20.28±5.02)%,汉族均高于朝鲜族(P<0.01);汉族女性的内脏脂肪率和体脂肪率分别为(6.22±2.27)%和(35.31±5.65)%,朝鲜族女性分别为(5.88±2.19)%和(34.00±5.72)%,汉族均高于朝鲜族(P<0.01)。②汉族男性的内脏脂肪率和体脂肪率超标率分别为12.1%和45.8%,朝鲜族男性分别为7.8%和28.6%,汉族均高于朝鲜族(P<0.05);汉族女性的内脏脂肪率和体脂肪率超标率分别为6.7%和47.9%,朝鲜族女性分别为3.8%和37.3%,汉族均高于朝鲜族(P<0.05)。③Logistic逐步回归分析结果表明,内脏脂肪率与民族、性别、年龄、高血压、高三酰甘油血症和高血糖有密切关系;体脂肪率与民族、性别、高血压、高三酰甘油血症、低高密度脂蛋白血症和高血糖有密切的关系。结论:①延边地区汉族居民内脏脂肪率和体脂肪率平均水平及其超标率明显高于朝鲜族。②内脏脂肪率和体脂肪率均与民族、性别、年龄(体脂肪率除外)、高血压、高三酰甘油血症和高血糖相关。