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991.
If adult starlings are kept on long days, they rapidly become refractory to long days (photorefractory). The recovery of the ability to respond to long days (photosensitivity) occurs after transfer to short days. Photosensitivity is associated with an increase in hypothalamic content of gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH), and, in castrated birds, with an increase in plasma LH. If photorefractory adult or juvenile starlings are transferred to short days, these events begin 3 and 4 weeks respectively after transfer. Starlings apparently hatch in a photorefractory state. However, if nestlings are hand-reared under short days, the increases in GnRH and LH begin at 6 and 7 weeks of age respectively. In this 3-week delay, which corresponds to the time to reach adult body size, simply due to a slower response, or are nestlings incapable of responding to short days until fully grown? Castrated male nestling starlings were hand-reared under short days, under long days or under long days initially and transferred to short days at 2, 3, 6 or 9.5 weeks of age. The increase in plasma LH in birds transferred to short days at or before 3 weeks began at the same time as in birds kept on short days (7 weeks). In birds transferred at 3 weeks or later, the increase in LH began 4 weeks after transfer, irrespective of age. Intact female starlings showed similar responses. Birds kept on short days did not moult whereas birds transferred from long days to short days at 3 weeks did.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) 相似文献
992.
Garrett J. Gross Neil E. Farber Galen M. Pieper PhD 《Cardiovascular drugs and therapy / sponsored by the International Society of Cardiovascular Pharmacotherapy》1989,3(4):535-543
Summary The effects of the dihydropyridine calciumchannel blocker, amlodipine, on subendocardial segment shortening (%SS), regional myocardial blood flow, myocardial high-energy phosphate levels and tissue water content were compared to those of a salinetreated group of barbital-anesthetized dogs subjected to a 45-minute coronary artery occlusion followed by 60 minutes of reperfusion. Saline or amlodipine (200 g/kg, IV) were administered 15 minutes prior to coronary occlusion. There were no significant differences between groups in ischemic bed size or hemodynamics, although dP/dt was higher following amlodipine. Subepicardial collateral blood flow was higher in the amlodipine group during coronary occlusion. Following occlusion, %SS in the ischemic region was markedly decreased in both series and passive systolic lengthening resulted. In spite of similar decreases in %SS during occlusion, the amlodipine- treated dogs showed a marked improvement in myocardial segment function (%SS) of the ischemic-reperfused region throughout 60 minutes of reperfusion as compared to saline-treated animals. In addition, amlodipine prevented the rebound increase in phosphocreatine and attenuated the loss of adenine nucloetides and the increase in tissue water in the ischemic- reperfused area at 60 minutes of reperfusion. These results suggest that amlodipine has a favorable effect on the functional and metabolic recovery of the ischemic-reperfused myocardium, and may have potential as a therapeutic agent for the treatment of coronary artery disease. The mechanism of action of amlodipine in this model is unknown but may be partially related to a drug-induced increase in coronary collateral blood flow. 相似文献
993.
M L Pollock G A Dawson H S Miller A Ward D Cooper W Headley A C Linnerud M M Nomeir 《Journal of the American Geriatrics Society》1976,24(3):97-104
A study was made of the effects of training for 30 minutes, three days a week for 20 weeks on certain physiologic measures of sedentary men between 49 and 65 years of age. Twenty-two subjects volunteered for the experimental group, and 8 others for the control group. Exercise sessions were conducted on a quarter-mile track and consisted of continuous bouts of walking and jogging. The average daily energy expenditures progressed from 228 to 365 kilocalories between weeks 4 and 20. For the same period, average exercise heart rates (HRs) progressed from 149 beats/minute (83 per cent maximum HR) to 155 beats/minute (91 per cent maximum HR). The experimental group showed significant increases in maximum oxygen intake (VO2 max) from 2.47 to 2.90 liters/minute (18 per cent) and in maximum pulmonary ventilation (VE max) from 105 to 121 liters/minute (BTPS), and decreases in resting HR, diastolic blood pressure, body weight, skinfold fat, and abdominal girth. Serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels and heart volume remained unchanged. The control subjects showed no significant changes. Regression analysis, with use of age as a covariate, showed a small but significant inverse relationship with changes in VO2 max. It was concluded that men of the 49-65 age group respond favorably to endurance exercise and show a magnitude of change similar to that found in previous investigations of similar design with younger subjects. 相似文献
994.
Neil Swanson Martin Goddard Gerry McCann G André Ng 《Europace : European pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac electrophysiology》2007,9(2):134-136
We describe a case report of a 49-year-old man admitted to a cardiology unit with a series of arrhythmias with no initially obvious aetiology. Further assessment and the use of cardiac magnetic resonance imaging and histology allowed a diagnosis of cardiac sarcoidosis to be made. Cardiac sarcoidosis is a major cause of death in patients with systemic sarcoidosis. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging is an additional diagnostic tool for this condition without ionizing radiation exposure. 相似文献
995.
996.
Tyler Williamson Michael E. Green Richard Birtwhistle Shahriar Khan Stephanie Garies Sabrina T. Wong Nandini Natarajan Donna Manca Neil Drummond 《Annals of family medicine》2014,12(4):367-372
PURPOSE
The Canadian Primary Care Sentinel Surveillance Network (CPCSSN) is Canada’s first national chronic disease surveillance system based on electronic health record (EHR) data. The purpose of this study was to develop and validate case definitions and case-finding algorithms used to identify 8 common chronic conditions in primary care: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), dementia, depression, diabetes, hypertension, osteoarthritis, parkinsonism, and epilepsy.METHODS
Using a cross-sectional data validation study design, regional and local CPCSSN networks from British Columbia, Alberta (2), Ontario, Nova Scotia, and Newfoundland participated in validating EHR case-finding algorithms. A random sample of EHR charts were reviewed, oversampling for patients older than 60 years and for those with epilepsy or parkinsonism. Charts were reviewed by trained research assistants and residents who were blinded to the algorithmic diagnosis. Sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values (PPVs, NPVs) were calculated.RESULTS
We obtained data from 1,920 charts from 4 different EHR systems (Wolf, Med Access, Nightingale, and PS Suite). For the total sample, sensitivity ranged from 78% (osteoarthritis) to more than 95% (diabetes, epilepsy, and parkinsonism); specificity was greater than 94% for all diseases; PPV ranged from 72% (dementia) to 93% (hypertension); NPV ranged from 86% (hypertension) to greater than 99% (diabetes, dementia, epilepsy, and parkinsonism).CONCLUSIONS
The CPCSSN diagnostic algorithms showed excellent sensitivity and specificity for hypertension, diabetes, epilepsy, and parkinsonism and acceptable values for the other conditions. CPCSSN data are appropriate for use in public health surveillance, primary care, and health services research, as well as to inform policy for these diseases. 相似文献997.
Alessia Mori Deborah A. Dawson Gavin J. Horsburgh Dimitri Giunchi N. Emilio Baldaccini Mariella Baratti 《Conservation Genetics Resources》2014,6(3):751-754
We characterized twenty unique polymorphic microsatellite loci in the Eurasian stone curlew Burhinus oedicnemus, a bird of conservation concern in Europe. The loci were genotyped in 24 individuals and displayed between 2 and 21 alleles per locus. All twenty loci were autosomal based on the genotyping of individuals of known sex and seventeen loci were in Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium. These microsatellites will be used to investigate population structure in this species with the aim of informing those responsible for creating conservation management strategies. 相似文献
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